Question 1

Which statement most accurately reflects current thinking on prescription of bisphosphonates as they relate to osteonecrosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  All patients taking bisphosphonates develop osteonecrosis. 
B)  The risk of osteonecrosis in patients taking bisphosphonates is negligible. 
C)  Patients at risk for osteonecrosis have a history of large doses of intravenous bisphosphonates. 
D)  Osteonecrosis occurs in 1 of 10 people taking bisphosphonates. 
A)  All patients taking bisphosphonates develop osteonecrosis. 
B)  The risk of osteonecrosis in patients taking bisphosphonates is negligible. 
C)  Patients at risk for osteonecrosis have a history of large doses of intravenous bisphosphonates. 
D)  Osteonecrosis occurs in 1 of 10 people taking bisphosphonates. C

Question 2

Which are oral complications of acquired immunodeficiency disease? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Candidiasis 
B)  Lipodystrophy 
C)  Oral hairy leukoplakia 
D)  Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis 
E)  Polyphagia 
A)  Candidiasis 
B)  Lipodystrophy 
C)  Oral hairy leukoplakia 
D)  Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis 
E)  Polyphagia A,B,C,D

Question 3

Crowded teeth resulting from retarded growth of the mandible occur in hyperparathyroidism.Systemic bone disturbances are reflected orally in patients with hypopituitarism by jaw enlargement.

Accepted Answer

A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true; the second is false. 
D)  The first statement is false; the second is true. 
A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true; the second is false. 
D)  The first statement is false; the second is true. B

Question 4

Oral manifestations of renal (kidney)disease include each,except one.Which is the exception?

Accepted Answer

A)  Delayed eruption 
B)  Enamel hypoplasia 
C)  Pulp calcifications 
D)  Dysphagia 
E)  Tooth mobility 
A)  Delayed eruption 
B)  Enamel hypoplasia 
C)  Pulp calcifications 
D)  Dysphagia 
E)  Tooth mobility

Question 5

Which accurately describe function and disease of the kidneys? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  The kidney is second to the liver in the elimination of waste products. 
B)  Progressive loss of nephrons leads to acute kidney failure. 
C)  During kidney dysfunction, complications arise as by-products accumulate from protein metabolism. 
D)  Calcium-phosphorus imbalances cause various changes in bone. 
E)  Odynophagia results from alterations in electrolyte and pH levels. 
A)  The kidney is second to the liver in the elimination of waste products. 
B)  Progressive loss of nephrons leads to acute kidney failure. 
C)  During kidney dysfunction, complications arise as by-products accumulate from protein metabolism. 
D)  Calcium-phosphorus imbalances cause various changes in bone. 
E)  Odynophagia results from alterations in electrolyte and pH levels.

Question 6

Each is a gastrointestinal problem,except one.Which is the exception?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gastroesophageal reflux disease 
B)  Hirsutism 
C)  Hiatal hernia 
D)  Esophagitis 
A)  Gastroesophageal reflux disease 
B)  Hirsutism 
C)  Hiatal hernia 
D)  Esophagitis

Question 7

Each is a complication of neutropenia,except one.Which is the exception?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mucositis 
B)  Atrophic glossitis 
C)  Fungal infections 
D)  Viral infections 
E)  Candidiasis 
A)  Mucositis 
B)  Atrophic glossitis 
C)  Fungal infections 
D)  Viral infections 
E)  Candidiasis

Question 8

Each should be recommended for patients with cardiovascular disease,except one.Which is the exception?

Accepted Answer

A)  Salt substitutes 
B)  Xylitol 
C)  Fluoride 
D)  Nitrous oxide during dental treatment 
A)  Salt substitutes 
B)  Xylitol 
C)  Fluoride 
D)  Nitrous oxide during dental treatment

Question 9

A blood clot blocking an artery that is capable of causing a cerebrovascular accident is called an aneurysm.Atherosclerosis,caused by an accumulation of fatty materials,results in narrow and rough arterial walls.

Accepted Answer

A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true; the second is false. 
D)  The first statement is false; the second is true. 
A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true; the second is false. 
D)  The first statement is false; the second is true.

Question 10

Which are associated with diabetes mellitus? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Oral candidiasis 
B)  Severe periodontitis 
C)  Bradykinesia 
D)  Micrognathia 
E)  Lowered resistance to infection 
A)  Oral candidiasis 
B)  Severe periodontitis 
C)  Bradykinesia 
D)  Micrognathia 
E)  Lowered resistance to infection

Question 11

Cardiovascular disease (CVD)produces numerous oral effects.A causative relationship has been established between periodontal disease and CVD.

Accepted Answer

A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true; the second is false. 
D)  The first statement is false; the second is true. 
A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true; the second is false. 
D)  The first statement is false; the second is true.

Question 12

Chemotherapeutic drugs cause each detrimental effect,except one.Which is the exception?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypogeusia 
B)  Anosmia 
C)  Slow cellular turnover rate in alimentary tract 
D)  Stomatitis 
E)  Mucositis 
A)  Hypogeusia 
B)  Anosmia 
C)  Slow cellular turnover rate in alimentary tract 
D)  Stomatitis 
E)  Mucositis

Question 13

Each is true of blood glucose levels,except one.Which is the exception?

Accepted Answer

A)  Before dental treatment, blood glucose level should be between 70 and 200 mg/dL. 
B)  Long and stressful appointments may require testing during the appointment. 
C)  A glycated hemoglobin A1c is less than 6.5%, indicating that diabetes is well controlled. 
D)  The dental hygienist should have injectable glucose available. 
A)  Before dental treatment, blood glucose level should be between 70 and 200 mg/dL. 
B)  Long and stressful appointments may require testing during the appointment. 
C)  A glycated hemoglobin A1c is less than 6.5%, indicating that diabetes is well controlled. 
D)  The dental hygienist should have injectable glucose available.

Question 14

Which suggestions are appropriate for a patient with megaloblastic anemia caused by folic acid deficiency? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Daily intake of folate is necessary. 
B)  Take oral vitamin B12 or iron supplements without food. 
C)  Patients with permanent gastric or ileal damage need vitamin B12 supplementation for several months. 
D)  Vitamin B12 shots are always indicated for "tired blood." 
E)  Raw vegetables are a better source of folate than cooked vegetables. 
A)  Daily intake of folate is necessary. 
B)  Take oral vitamin B12 or iron supplements without food. 
C)  Patients with permanent gastric or ileal damage need vitamin B12 supplementation for several months. 
D)  Vitamin B12 shots are always indicated for "tired blood." 
E)  Raw vegetables are a better source of folate than cooked vegetables.

Question 15

The dental hygienist should encourage a patient who has gastroesophageal reflux to:

Accepted Answer

A)  bring his or her blood glucose monitor. 
B)  avoid eating for 2 hours prior to the appointment. 
C)  avoid iron-rich foods. 
D)  drink orange juice before beginning treatment. 
A)  bring his or her blood glucose monitor. 
B)  avoid eating for 2 hours prior to the appointment. 
C)  avoid iron-rich foods. 
D)  drink orange juice before beginning treatment.

Question 16

All disease processes result from a combination of the following factors,except one.Which is the exception?

Accepted Answer

A)  Failure to have an annual physical examination 
B)  Presence of an etiologic agent 
C)  Susceptibility of the host 
D)  Resistance of the host 
E)  Environmental factors 
A)  Failure to have an annual physical examination 
B)  Presence of an etiologic agent 
C)  Susceptibility of the host 
D)  Resistance of the host 
E)  Environmental factors

Question 17

Dental hygienists should encourage patients with eating disorders such as bulimia to brush immediately after vomiting because self-induced vomiting causes erosion of tooth enamel and dentin hypersensitivity.

Accepted Answer

A)  Both the statement and the reason are correct and related. 
B)  Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related. 
C)  The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct. 
D)  The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct. 
E)  Neither the statement nor the reason is correct. 
A)  Both the statement and the reason are correct and related. 
B)  Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related. 
C)  The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct. 
D)  The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct. 
E)  Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.

Question 18

Individuals with loss of smell are NOT inclined to:

Accepted Answer

A)  use more spices. 
B)  eat less. 
C)  eat and drink more sweets. 
D)  lose weight. 
A)  use more spices. 
B)  eat less. 
C)  eat and drink more sweets. 
D)  lose weight.

Question 19

Childhood hypopituitarism results in diastemata between most teeth because increased skeletal growth results in enlargement of both the mandible and the maxilla.

Accepted Answer

A)  Both the statement and the reason are correct and related. 
B)  Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related. 
C)  The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct. 
D)  The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct. 
E)  Neither the statement nor the reason is correct. 
A)  Both the statement and the reason are correct and related. 
B)  Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related. 
C)  The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct. 
D)  The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct. 
E)  Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.

Question 20

Which describe oral conditions diabetic patients and dental hygienists should watch for? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Changes in the fit of partial denture or bridges 
B)  Pain when chewing 
C)  Pale gingiva 
D)  Teeth feeling "tight" 
E)  Gingival hyperplasia 
A)  Changes in the fit of partial denture or bridges 
B)  Pain when chewing 
C)  Pale gingiva 
D)  Teeth feeling "tight" 
E)  Gingival hyperplasia

Exam 17: Effects of Systemic Disease on Nutritional Status and Oral Health

Which statement most accurately reflects current thinking on prescription of bisphosphonates as they relate to osteonecrosis?

Which are oral complications of acquired immunodeficiency disease? (Select all that apply.)

Crowded teeth resulting from retarded growth of the mandible occur in hyperparathyroidism.Systemic bone disturbances are reflected orally in patients with hypopituitarism by jaw enlargement.

Oral manifestations of renal (kidney)disease include each,except one.Which is the exception?

Which accurately describe function and disease of the kidneys? (Select all that apply.)

Each is a gastrointestinal problem,except one.Which is the exception?

Each is a complication of neutropenia,except one.Which is the exception?

Each should be recommended for patients with cardiovascular disease,except one.Which is the exception?

A blood clot blocking an artery that is capable of causing a cerebrovascular accident is called an aneurysm.Atherosclerosis,caused by an accumulation of fatty materials,results in narrow and rough arterial walls.

Which are associated with diabetes mellitus? (Select all that apply.)

Cardiovascular disease (CVD)produces numerous oral effects.A causative relationship has been established between periodontal disease and CVD.

Chemotherapeutic drugs cause each detrimental effect,except one.Which is the exception?

Each is true of blood glucose levels,except one.Which is the exception?

Which suggestions are appropriate for a patient with megaloblastic anemia caused by folic acid deficiency? (Select all that apply.)

The dental hygienist should encourage a patient who has gastroesophageal reflux to:

All disease processes result from a combination of the following factors,except one.Which is the exception?

Dental hygienists should encourage patients with eating disorders such as bulimia to brush immediately after vomiting because self-induced vomiting causes erosion of tooth enamel and dentin hypersensitivity.

Individuals with loss of smell are NOT inclined to:

Childhood hypopituitarism results in diastemata between most teeth because increased skeletal growth results in enlargement of both the mandible and the maxilla.

Which describe oral conditions diabetic patients and dental hygienists should watch for? (Select all that apply.)

Overview of Healthy Eating Habits

Concepts in Biochemistry

The Alimentary Canal: Digestion and Absorption

Carbohydrate: The Efficient Fuel

Protein: The Cellular Foundation

Lipids: The Condensed Energy

Use of the Energy Nutrients: Metabolism and Balance

Vitamins Required for Calcified Structures

Minerals Essential for Calcified Structures

Nutrients Present in Calcified Structures

Vitamins Required for Oral Soft Tissues and Salivary Glands

Water and Minerals Required for Oral Soft Tissues and Salivary Glands

Nutritional Requirements Affecting Oral Health in Women

Nutritional Requirements During Growth and Development and Eating Habits Affecting Oral Health

Nutritional Requirements for Older Adults and Eating Habits Affecting Oral Health

Other Considerations Affecting Nutrient Intake

Nutritional Aspects of Dental Caries: Causes, Prevention, and Treatment

Nutritional Aspects of Gingivitis and Periodontal Disease

Nutritional Aspects of Alterations in the Oral Cavity

Nutritional Assessment and Counseling for Dental Hygiene Patients

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