Question 1

Each is a portion of the alimentary canal,except one.Which is the exception?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oral cavity 
B)  Pharynx 
C)  Larynx 
D)  Esophagus 
E)  Small intestine 
A)  Oral cavity 
B)  Pharynx 
C)  Larynx 
D)  Esophagus 
E)  Small intestine C

Question 2

The small intestine is comprised of the cecum,colon,and rectum.The large intestine includes the duodenum,jejunum,and ileum.

Accepted Answer

A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true; the second is false. 
D)  The first statement is false; the second is true. 
A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true; the second is false. 
D)  The first statement is false; the second is true. B

Question 3

Each is true of microflora within the colon,except one.Which is the exception?

Accepted Answer

A)  Approximately 50 different species of microorganisms compose the microflora. 
B)  Microflora break down substances that human enzymes are unable to digest. 
C)  Vitamin K and numerous B vitamins are synthesized by the microflora. 
D)  Microflora inhibit pathogenic bacteria. 
A)  Approximately 50 different species of microorganisms compose the microflora. 
B)  Microflora break down substances that human enzymes are unable to digest. 
C)  Vitamin K and numerous B vitamins are synthesized by the microflora. 
D)  Microflora inhibit pathogenic bacteria. A

Question 4

Which enzyme is most essential for digestion of triglycerides found in butterfat?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gastric lipase 
B)  Pepsin 
C)  Mucus 
D)  Intrinsic factor 
A)  Gastric lipase 
B)  Pepsin 
C)  Mucus 
D)  Intrinsic factor

Question 5

Food-drug interactions have the potential to cause nutritional problems.For example,consuming milk or milk products while taking amoxicillin decreases the amount of antibiotic and calcium available to the body.

Accepted Answer

A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true; the second is false. 
D)  The first statement is false; the second is true. 
A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true; the second is false. 
D)  The first statement is false; the second is true.

Question 6

Saliva is supersaturated with bacterial by-products that allow demineralized areas of hydroxyapatite in enamel to be remineralized.Demineralization occurs when calcium,phosphate,and other minerals migrate from the enamel surface into the dentin.

Accepted Answer

A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true; the second is false. 
D)  The first statement is false; the second is true. 
A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true; the second is false. 
D)  The first statement is false; the second is true.

Question 7

Mechanical aspects of digestion include chewing and hypergeusia.Mechanical actions involve peristalsis,voluntary waves of contraction traveling the whole length of the alimentary tract.

Accepted Answer

A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true; the second is false. 
D)  The first statement is false; the second is true. 
A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true; the second is false. 
D)  The first statement is false; the second is true.

Question 8

Each is true of swallowing and processing food,except one.Which is the exception?

Accepted Answer

A)  The swallowing reflex moves a bolus into the esophagus. 
B)  A bolus is a mass of food. 
C)  The bolus is transported to the stomach by osmosis and gravity. 
D)  The bolus penetrates the diaphragm through the esophageal hiatus. 
E)  The lower esophageal sphincter relaxes to permit food into the stomach. 
A)  The swallowing reflex moves a bolus into the esophagus. 
B)  A bolus is a mass of food. 
C)  The bolus is transported to the stomach by osmosis and gravity. 
D)  The bolus penetrates the diaphragm through the esophageal hiatus. 
E)  The lower esophageal sphincter relaxes to permit food into the stomach.

Question 9

Passage of a permeable substance from a more concentrated solution to an area of lower concentration is called osmosis.Transport requiring a carrier and cellular energy is active transport.

Accepted Answer

A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true; the second is false. 
D)  The first statement is false; the second is true. 
A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true; the second is false. 
D)  The first statement is false; the second is true.

Question 10

Loss of smell results in a condition that limits capacity to detect flavor of food and beverages called:

Accepted Answer

A)  hypergeusia. 
B)  dysgeusia. 
C)  anosmia. 
D)  phantom taste. 
E)  peristalsis. 
A)  hypergeusia. 
B)  dysgeusia. 
C)  anosmia. 
D)  phantom taste. 
E)  peristalsis.

Question 11

Each accurately describes aspects of the villi,except one.Which is the exception?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fingerlike projections called villi rise from the intestinal lumen. 
B)  Villi decrease the surface area of the alimentary tract by contraction and compression. 
C)  Each villus is covered with a layer of epithelial cells called microvilli. 
D)  The brush border of cells is formed by microvilli. 
A)  Fingerlike projections called villi rise from the intestinal lumen. 
B)  Villi decrease the surface area of the alimentary tract by contraction and compression. 
C)  Each villus is covered with a layer of epithelial cells called microvilli. 
D)  The brush border of cells is formed by microvilli.

Question 12

Each is true of protective elements within the microflora,except one.Which is the exception?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prebiotics are food ingredients that must be digested to stimulate growth and activity of microorganisms. 
B)  Probiotics are living microorganisms that are considered food or dietary supplements in the United States. 
C)  Symbiotics are a combination of prebiotics that support growth of probiotics. 
D)  Probiotics are helpful in managing and treating constipation. 
A)  Prebiotics are food ingredients that must be digested to stimulate growth and activity of microorganisms. 
B)  Probiotics are living microorganisms that are considered food or dietary supplements in the United States. 
C)  Symbiotics are a combination of prebiotics that support growth of probiotics. 
D)  Probiotics are helpful in managing and treating constipation.

Question 13

Each descriptions of taste papillae is true,except one.Which is the exception?

Accepted Answer

A)  A taste bud consists of 30 to 100 papillae. 
B)  Taste papillae appear on the tongue as large red spots or small bumps. 
C)  Taste papillae are most numerous on the dorsal epithelium of the tongue. 
D)  Taste papillae replace themselves every 3 to 10 days. 
A)  A taste bud consists of 30 to 100 papillae. 
B)  Taste papillae appear on the tongue as large red spots or small bumps. 
C)  Taste papillae are most numerous on the dorsal epithelium of the tongue. 
D)  Taste papillae replace themselves every 3 to 10 days.

Question 14

Masticatory efficiency refers to enhancement of gustatory effects.Even after a patient becomes fully adjusted to well-fitted dentures,masticatory efficiency is reduced compared with that of patients with their natural teeth.

Accepted Answer

A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true; the second is false. 
D)  The first statement is false; the second is true. 
A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true; the second is false. 
D)  The first statement is false; the second is true.

Question 15

Which is most likely to be absorbed within the stomach?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carbohydrates 
B)  Fats 
C)  Amino acids 
D)  Fat-soluble vitamins 
A)  Carbohydrates 
B)  Fats 
C)  Amino acids 
D)  Fat-soluble vitamins

Question 16

The use of over-the-counter enzyme tablets might not be beneficial to patients because the enzymes within the product are digested before they can be used.

Accepted Answer

A)  Both the statement and the reason are correct and related. 
B)  Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related. 
C)  The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct. 
D)  The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct. 
E)  Neither the statement nor the reason is correct. 
A)  Both the statement and the reason are correct and related. 
B)  Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related. 
C)  The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct. 
D)  The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct. 
E)  Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.

Question 17

Gluten sensitivity,an allergic condition,is an example of a systemic condition.Gluten-sensitive patients develop impairment of the small intestine.

Accepted Answer

A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true; the second is false. 
D)  The first statement is false; the second is true. 
A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true; the second is false. 
D)  The first statement is false; the second is true.

Question 18

A patient who reports stomach ulcers should avoid all the following foods,except one.Which is the exception?

Accepted Answer

A)  Proteins 
B)  Caffeine 
C)  Calcium 
D)  Wheat 
A)  Proteins 
B)  Caffeine 
C)  Calcium 
D)  Wheat

Question 19

It is not uncommon for an elderly patient to state that food "just doesn't taste good," because the impairment of the olfactory nerves is prevalent in older adults.

Accepted Answer

A)  Both the statement and the reason are correct and related. 
B)  Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related. 
C)  The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct. 
D)  The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct. 
E)  Neither the statement nor the reason is correct. 
A)  Both the statement and the reason are correct and related. 
B)  Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related. 
C)  The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct. 
D)  The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct. 
E)  Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.

Question 20

An adult stomach functions as a reservoir to hold an average meal for 6 to 8 hours.The rate of passage through the stomach (fastest to slowest)is liquids,proteins,carbohydrates,and fats.

Accepted Answer

A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true; the second is false. 
D)  The first statement is false; the second is true. 
A)  Both statements are true. 
B)  Both statements are false. 
C)  The first statement is true; the second is false. 
D)  The first statement is false; the second is true.

Exam 3: The Alimentary Canal: Digestion and Absorption

Each is a portion of the alimentary canal,except one.Which is the exception?

The small intestine is comprised of the cecum,colon,and rectum.The large intestine includes the duodenum,jejunum,and ileum.

Each is true of microflora within the colon,except one.Which is the exception?

Which enzyme is most essential for digestion of triglycerides found in butterfat?

Food-drug interactions have the potential to cause nutritional problems.For example,consuming milk or milk products while taking amoxicillin decreases the amount of antibiotic and calcium available to the body.

Saliva is supersaturated with bacterial by-products that allow demineralized areas of hydroxyapatite in enamel to be remineralized.Demineralization occurs when calcium,phosphate,and other minerals migrate from the enamel surface into the dentin.

Mechanical aspects of digestion include chewing and hypergeusia.Mechanical actions involve peristalsis,voluntary waves of contraction traveling the whole length of the alimentary tract.

Each is true of swallowing and processing food,except one.Which is the exception?

Passage of a permeable substance from a more concentrated solution to an area of lower concentration is called osmosis.Transport requiring a carrier and cellular energy is active transport.

Loss of smell results in a condition that limits capacity to detect flavor of food and beverages called:

Each accurately describes aspects of the villi,except one.Which is the exception?

Each is true of protective elements within the microflora,except one.Which is the exception?

Each descriptions of taste papillae is true,except one.Which is the exception?

Masticatory efficiency refers to enhancement of gustatory effects.Even after a patient becomes fully adjusted to well-fitted dentures,masticatory efficiency is reduced compared with that of patients with their natural teeth.

Which is most likely to be absorbed within the stomach?

The use of over-the-counter enzyme tablets might not be beneficial to patients because the enzymes within the product are digested before they can be used.

Gluten sensitivity,an allergic condition,is an example of a systemic condition.Gluten-sensitive patients develop impairment of the small intestine.

A patient who reports stomach ulcers should avoid all the following foods,except one.Which is the exception?

It is not uncommon for an elderly patient to state that food "just doesn't taste good," because the impairment of the olfactory nerves is prevalent in older adults.

An adult stomach functions as a reservoir to hold an average meal for 6 to 8 hours.The rate of passage through the stomach (fastest to slowest)is liquids,proteins,carbohydrates,and fats.

Overview of Healthy Eating Habits

Concepts in Biochemistry

Carbohydrate: The Efficient Fuel

Protein: The Cellular Foundation

Lipids: The Condensed Energy

Use of the Energy Nutrients: Metabolism and Balance

Vitamins Required for Calcified Structures

Minerals Essential for Calcified Structures

Nutrients Present in Calcified Structures

Vitamins Required for Oral Soft Tissues and Salivary Glands

Water and Minerals Required for Oral Soft Tissues and Salivary Glands

Nutritional Requirements Affecting Oral Health in Women

Nutritional Requirements During Growth and Development and Eating Habits Affecting Oral Health

Nutritional Requirements for Older Adults and Eating Habits Affecting Oral Health

Other Considerations Affecting Nutrient Intake

Effects of Systemic Disease on Nutritional Status and Oral Health

Nutritional Aspects of Dental Caries: Causes, Prevention, and Treatment

Nutritional Aspects of Gingivitis and Periodontal Disease

Nutritional Aspects of Alterations in the Oral Cavity

Nutritional Assessment and Counseling for Dental Hygiene Patients

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