Exam 7: Water and Electrolytes

Athletes participating in which sport need to be the most concerned about consuming fluids that contain sodium to offset the amount being lost in sweat?

Glycerol loading results in a gain in body weight.

Glycerol is an osmotically active, water-retaining molecule.

A beverage containing a carbohydrate concentration greater than 10% may be detrimental to an athlete during exercise because:

Approximately how much sweat can an athlete lose each hour when exercising in a hot and humid environment?

An athlete's pre-exercise weight is 163 pounds. His post-exercise weight is 161 pounds. What does this two (2) pound weight loss represent?

Describe the various effects that exercise has on fluid balance and thermoregulation.

A daily intake of approximately _____ mg or less of caffeine does not have a negative effect on fluid or electrolyte balance.

All athletes benefit from consuming low-salt varieties of food.

Assuming that it can be tolerated, which athlete may find a beverage containing a carbohydrate concentration greater than 10% to be beneficial during exercise?

Hyperhydration can be achieved by consuming excess fluids in the hours before exercise or ingesting _____.

Beverages known as energy drinks typically provide:

The majority of athletes do not need to be concerned about developing hyponatremia.

Which accounts for the largest amount of water loss in an athlete exercising in the heat?

Explain the phenomenon of hyponatremia, and outline a strategy for prevention in endurance and ultraendurance athletes.

Identify avenues of water and sodium loss and intake.

All fluids can have a diuretic effect.

To avoid a moderate potassium deficiency, it is recommended that individuals, including athletes, should:

Hypohydration initially occurs in:

One adaptation to training in high environmental temperatures that athletes make is an increased sweat rate, which improves their thermoregulation abilities.