Question 1

DNA replaced RNA as the main information molecule probably because

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA contains thymine and RNA does not. 
B)  DNA is double stranded and breaks less easily. 
C)  DNA can store more protein-building instructions in less space. 
D)  RNA is highly unstable. 
E)  two of these are correct. 
A)  DNA contains thymine and RNA does not. 
B)  DNA is double stranded and breaks less easily. 
C)  DNA can store more protein-building instructions in less space. 
D)  RNA is highly unstable. 
E)  two of these are correct.

Question 2

Provide evidence to both support and refute the current existence of life on Mars?

Accepted Answer

Geological formations suggest that long

Question 3

The by-product of the metabolism of cyanobacteria that had the most effect on the further evolution of life is

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygen gas. 
B)  carbon dioxide. 
C)  water. 
D)  nitrogen gas. 
E)  hydrogen gas. 
A)  oxygen gas. 
B)  carbon dioxide. 
C)  water. 
D)  nitrogen gas. 
E)  hydrogen gas.

Question 4

The endomembrane system did not start developing until the atmosphere was

Accepted Answer

A)  high oxygen, high carbon dioxide. 
B)  high hydrogen, low oxygen. 
C)  changing from low oxygen to high oxygen. 
D)  firmly in the age of aerobes. 
E)  all of these. 
A)  high oxygen, high carbon dioxide. 
B)  high hydrogen, low oxygen. 
C)  changing from low oxygen to high oxygen. 
D)  firmly in the age of aerobes. 
E)  all of these.

Question 5

The archea include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  extreme thermophiles 
B)  alga 
C)  protista 
D)  animals 
E)  all of these 
A)  extreme thermophiles 
B)  alga 
C)  protista 
D)  animals 
E)  all of these

Question 6

Membrane-like structures form when proteins or lipids are mixed with water.They serve as a model for __________, which may have preceded cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Membrane-like structures form when proteins or lipids...

Question 7

Classification.Choose the proper item below for the following statements.
a.Thomas Brock
b.Stanley Miller
c.Kwang Jeon
d.Lynn Margulis
e.Oliver Hardy
-He/she very early provided experimental evidence for endosymbiosis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Classification.Choose the proper item below for the...

Question 8

The mitochondrion

Accepted Answer

A)  has its own DNA. 
B)  DNA has few noncoding regions between genes. 
C)  resembles bacteria in size. 
D)  resembles bacteria in structure. 
E)  is all of these. 
A)  has its own DNA. 
B)  DNA has few noncoding regions between genes. 
C)  resembles bacteria in size. 
D)  resembles bacteria in structure. 
E)  is all of these.

Question 9

Chloroplasts

Accepted Answer

A)  resemble photosynthetic bacteria. 
B)  utilize the same pigments regardless of what organism they are in. 
C)  apparently evolved from mitochondria. 
D)  utilize DNA derived from the nucleus. 
E)  are all of these. 
A)  resemble photosynthetic bacteria. 
B)  utilize the same pigments regardless of what organism they are in. 
C)  apparently evolved from mitochondria. 
D)  utilize DNA derived from the nucleus. 
E)  are all of these.

Question 10

MATCHING
Matching.Choose the most appropriate letter.
a.contain DNA, but may be too small to be alive
b.simple transitional forms between early organic compounds and the first living cells
c.red alga resident of hot springs
d.first organisms with the noncyclic pathway of photosynthesis
e.source of the heat-resistant enzyme used in PCR
f.offered support for endosymbiosis
g.dome-shaped fossil remains of photoautotrophic bacteria (some nonfossil structures also form).
h.protist with photosynthetic organelles that resemble cyanobacteria
i.earliest known organism that can be assigned to a modern group
-Cyanidium caldarium

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
Matching.Choose the most appropriate letter.
a.contain DNA, but...

Question 11

The first eukaryotic fossils are dated to about

Accepted Answer

A)  3.8 billion years ago. 
B)  2.1 billion years ago. 
C)  1.5 billion years ago. 
D)  750 million years ago. 
E)  201 million years ago. 
A)  3.8 billion years ago. 
B)  2.1 billion years ago. 
C)  1.5 billion years ago. 
D)  750 million years ago. 
E)  201 million years ago.

Question 12

MATCHING
Matching.Choose the most appropriate letter.
a.contain DNA, but may be too small to be alive
b.simple transitional forms between early organic compounds and the first living cells
c.red alga resident of hot springs
d.first organisms with the noncyclic pathway of photosynthesis
e.source of the heat-resistant enzyme used in PCR
f.offered support for endosymbiosis
g.dome-shaped fossil remains of photoautotrophic bacteria (some nonfossil structures also form).
h.protist with photosynthetic organelles that resemble cyanobacteria
i.earliest known organism that can be assigned to a modern group
-nanobes

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
Matching.Choose the most appropriate letter.
a.contain DNA, but...

Question 13

-The figure above represents

Accepted Answer

A)  the algae that were to give rise to plants. 
B)  protists. 
C)  fungi. 
D)  soil bacterium with primitive membrane folds. 
E)  all of these. 
A)  the algae that were to give rise to plants. 
B)  protists. 
C)  fungi. 
D)  soil bacterium with primitive membrane folds. 
E)  all of these.

Question 14

MATCHING
Matching.Choose the most appropriate letter.
a.contain DNA, but may be too small to be alive
b.simple transitional forms between early organic compounds and the first living cells
c.red alga resident of hot springs
d.first organisms with the noncyclic pathway of photosynthesis
e.source of the heat-resistant enzyme used in PCR
f.offered support for endosymbiosis
g.dome-shaped fossil remains of photoautotrophic bacteria (some nonfossil structures also form).
h.protist with photosynthetic organelles that resemble cyanobacteria
i.earliest known organism that can be assigned to a modern group
-Bangiomorpha pubescens

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
Matching.Choose the most appropriate letter.
a.contain DNA, but...

Question 15

Proto-cells are considered to have

Accepted Answer

A)  been simple membrane-bound sacs. 
B)  been able to capture energy. 
C)  been able to engage in metabolism. 
D)  been able to reproduce. 
E)  all of these. 
A)  been simple membrane-bound sacs. 
B)  been able to capture energy. 
C)  been able to engage in metabolism. 
D)  been able to reproduce. 
E)  all of these.

Question 16

Which of the following is the probable basis for the evolution of mitochondria and chloroplasts?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cells eat each other. 
B)  Light is an energy source. 
C)  ATP can carry energy. 
D)  Oxygen is a by-product of photosynthesis. 
E)  Energy can be transformed from one form to another. 
A)  Cells eat each other. 
B)  Light is an energy source. 
C)  ATP can carry energy. 
D)  Oxygen is a by-product of photosynthesis. 
E)  Energy can be transformed from one form to another.

Question 17

Miller's reaction chamber contained gases intended to simulate the atmosphere of the ancient Earth.Which of the following gases was NOT included?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon dioxide 
B)  methane 
C)  ammonia 
D)  water vapor 
E)  hydrogen gas 
A)  carbon dioxide 
B)  methane 
C)  ammonia 
D)  water vapor 
E)  hydrogen gas

Question 18

Chemical evolution started on Earth

Accepted Answer

A)  after the appearance of prokaryotic cells. 
B)  long before any cells emerged. 
C)  after the appearance of eukaryotic cells. 
D)  after the appearance of eukaryotic cells but before the appearance of multicellular organisms. 
E)  after the appearance of multicellular organisms. 
A)  after the appearance of prokaryotic cells. 
B)  long before any cells emerged. 
C)  after the appearance of eukaryotic cells. 
D)  after the appearance of eukaryotic cells but before the appearance of multicellular organisms. 
E)  after the appearance of multicellular organisms.

Question 19

Proteins that speed metabolic reactions might have first formed when reactants could have begun interacting inside tiny holes in rocks near deep-sea __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Proteins that speed metabolic reactions might have...

Question 20

During the first major divergence of life the atmosphere was

Accepted Answer

A)  high oxygen, high carbon dioxide. 
B)  high hydrogen, low oxygen. 
C)  changing from anaerobic to aerobic. 
D)  firmly in the age of aerobes. 
E)  all of these. 
A)  high oxygen, high carbon dioxide. 
B)  high hydrogen, low oxygen. 
C)  changing from anaerobic to aerobic. 
D)  firmly in the age of aerobes. 
E)  all of these.

Exam 19: Lifes Origin and Early Evolution

DNA replaced RNA as the main information molecule probably because

Provide evidence to both support and refute the current existence of life on Mars?

The by-product of the metabolism of cyanobacteria that had the most effect on the further evolution of life is

The endomembrane system did not start developing until the atmosphere was

The archea include which of the following?

Membrane-like structures form when proteins or lipids are mixed with water.They serve as a model for __________, which may have preceded cells.

Classification.Choose the proper item below for the following statements. a.Thomas Brock b.Stanley Miller c.Kwang Jeon d.Lynn Margulis e.Oliver Hardy -He/she very early provided experimental evidence for endosymbiosis.

The mitochondrion

Chloroplasts

The first eukaryotic fossils are dated to about

-The figure above represents

Proto-cells are considered to have

Which of the following is the probable basis for the evolution of mitochondria and chloroplasts?

Miller's reaction chamber contained gases intended to simulate the atmosphere of the ancient Earth.Which of the following gases was NOT included?

Chemical evolution started on Earth

Proteins that speed metabolic reactions might have first formed when reactants could have begun interacting inside tiny holes in rocks near deep-sea __________.

During the first major divergence of life the atmosphere was

Invitation to Biology

Lifes Chemical Basis

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure and Function

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where It Startsphotosynthesis

How Cells Release Chemical Energy

Dna Structure and Function

From Dna to Protein

Gene Control

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits

Chromosomes and Human Inheritance

Studying and Manipulating Genomes

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Organizing Information About Species

Viruses and Prokaryotes

Protiststhe Simplest Eukaryotes

The Land Plants

Fungi

Animal Evolutionthe Invertebrates

Animal Evolutionthe Chordates

Animal Evolutionhuman Evolution

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Life Cycles of Flowering Plants

Communication Strategies in Plants

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Structural Support and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Reproductive Systems

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

Filters