Question 1

Match the hormone from the small intestine with its action.Hormones may be used more than once.
-Decreases pancreatic and enzyme secretions.

Accepted Answer

A) Peptide YY 
B) Secretin 
C) Cholecystokinin 
D) Enteroglucagon 
E) Pancreatic polypeptide 
A) Peptide YY 
B) Secretin 
C) Cholecystokinin 
D) Enteroglucagon 
E) Pancreatic polypeptide

Question 2

How many days does it take for the entire epithelial population of the small intestines to be replaced?

Accepted Answer

A)  30 to 45 
B)  15 to 25 
C)  7 to 15 
D)  4 to 7 
A)  30 to 45 
B)  15 to 25 
C)  7 to 15 
D)  4 to 7

Question 3

Match the hormone from the small intestine with its action.Hormones may be used more than once.
-Delays gastric and small bowel emptying.

Accepted Answer

A) Peptide YY 
B) Secretin 
C) Cholecystokinin 
D) Enteroglucagon 
E) Pancreatic polypeptide 
A) Peptide YY 
B) Secretin 
C) Cholecystokinin 
D) Enteroglucagon 
E) Pancreatic polypeptide

Question 4

Which pancreatic enzyme is responsible for the breakdown of carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

A)  Trypsin 
B)  Amylase 
C)  Lipase 
D)  Chymotrypsin 
A)  Trypsin 
B)  Amylase 
C)  Lipase 
D)  Chymotrypsin

Question 5

Food enters the stomach via which sphincter?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cardiac 
B)  Upper esophageal 
C)  Gastric 
D)  Fundal 
A)  Cardiac 
B)  Upper esophageal 
C)  Gastric 
D)  Fundal

Question 6

What effect is a result of inhibiting the parasympathetic nervous system with a drug such as atropine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Salivation becomes thinner. 
B)  Salivation decreases. 
C)  The pH of saliva changes. 
D)  Digestive enzymes are inhibited. 
A)  Salivation becomes thinner. 
B)  Salivation decreases. 
C)  The pH of saliva changes. 
D)  Digestive enzymes are inhibited.

Question 7

Which water-soluble vitamin is absorbed by passive diffusion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vitamin B6 
B)  Vitamin B1 
C)  Vitamin K 
D)  Folic acid 
A)  Vitamin B6 
B)  Vitamin B1 
C)  Vitamin K 
D)  Folic acid

Question 8

Which water-soluble vitamins are dependent on sodium for absorption? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Pantothenic acid 
B)  Vitamin B1 
C)  Vitamin C 
D)  Vitamin B12 
E)  Folic acid 
A)  Pantothenic acid 
B)  Vitamin B1 
C)  Vitamin C 
D)  Vitamin B12 
E)  Folic acid

Question 9

Which hormones are involved in regulating gastric motility by making the threshold potential of muscle fibers more negative? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Estrogen 
B)  Secretin 
C)  Somatostatin 
D)  Gastrin 
E)  Motilin 
A)  Estrogen 
B)  Secretin 
C)  Somatostatin 
D)  Gastrin 
E)  Motilin

Question 10

Which statement is incorrect regarding gallbladder function?

Accepted Answer

A)  Within 30 minutes of eating, the gallbladder forces bile into the stomach. 
B)  Cholinergic branches of the vagus nerve mediate gallbladder contraction. 
C)  Cholecystokinin provides hormonal regulation of gallbladder contraction. 
D)  The sphincter of Oddi controls the flow of bile from the gallbladder. 
A)  Within 30 minutes of eating, the gallbladder forces bile into the stomach. 
B)  Cholinergic branches of the vagus nerve mediate gallbladder contraction. 
C)  Cholecystokinin provides hormonal regulation of gallbladder contraction. 
D)  The sphincter of Oddi controls the flow of bile from the gallbladder.

Question 11

Which statement is correct regarding the functions of the pancreas? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Cholecystokinin stimulates the release of pancreatic enzymes. 
B)  Bilirubin and S cells inhibit the secretion of pancreatic enzymes. 
C)  Pancreatic polypeptide is released after eating. 
D)  Acetylcholine (ACh) is liberated from the pancreatic branches of the vagus nerve. 
E)  ACh stimulates the release of pancreatic enzymes. 
A)  Cholecystokinin stimulates the release of pancreatic enzymes. 
B)  Bilirubin and S cells inhibit the secretion of pancreatic enzymes. 
C)  Pancreatic polypeptide is released after eating. 
D)  Acetylcholine (ACh) is liberated from the pancreatic branches of the vagus nerve. 
E)  ACh stimulates the release of pancreatic enzymes.

Question 12

Glucose transport enhances the absorption of which electrolyte?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sodium 
B)  Phosphate 
C)  Potassium 
D)  Chloride 
A)  Sodium 
B)  Phosphate 
C)  Potassium 
D)  Chloride

Question 13

Match the hormone from the small intestine with its action.Hormones may be used more than once.
-Enhances insulin release,lipolysis,and ketogenesis.

Accepted Answer

A) Peptide YY 
B) Secretin 
C) Cholecystokinin 
D) Enteroglucagon 
E) Pancreatic polypeptide 
A) Peptide YY 
B) Secretin 
C) Cholecystokinin 
D) Enteroglucagon 
E) Pancreatic polypeptide

Question 14

What requirements are necessary for calcium to be absorbed through the ileum at concentrations of less than 5 mmol/L? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Receptor site on the ileum 
B)  Vitamin D3 
C)  Vitamin K 
D)  Carboxypeptidase 
E)  A carrier protein 
A)  Receptor site on the ileum 
B)  Vitamin D3 
C)  Vitamin K 
D)  Carboxypeptidase 
E)  A carrier protein

Question 15

The ileum and jejunum are suspended by folds of the peritoneum that contain an extensive vascular and nervous network.What are these folds called?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ligament of Treitz 
B)  Mesentery 
C)  Auerbach folds 
D)  Lamina propria 
A)  Ligament of Treitz 
B)  Mesentery 
C)  Auerbach folds 
D)  Lamina propria

Question 16

What is the role of the normal intestinal bacterial flora?

Accepted Answer

A)  Metabolizing bile salts, estrogens, and lipids 
B)  Breaking down proteins into amino acids 
C)  Facilitating the motility of the colon 
D)  Metabolizing aldosterone and insulin 
A)  Metabolizing bile salts, estrogens, and lipids 
B)  Breaking down proteins into amino acids 
C)  Facilitating the motility of the colon 
D)  Metabolizing aldosterone and insulin

Question 17

Which gastric cells secrete hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor?

Accepted Answer

A)  Parietal 
B)  Chief 
C)  G 
D)  H 
A)  Parietal 
B)  Chief 
C)  G 
D)  H

Question 18

Which gastric hormone inhibits acid and pepsinogen secretion,as well as decrease the release of gastrin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bombesin 
B)  Histamine 
C)  Somatostatin 
D)  Acetylcholine 
A)  Bombesin 
B)  Histamine 
C)  Somatostatin 
D)  Acetylcholine

Question 19

Which statement is incorrect regarding the characteristics of vitamin B12?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vitamin B12 is absorbed in the terminal ileum. 
B)  Vitamin B12 is absorbed in its free (unbound) form but only in small amounts. 
C)  Vitamin B12 is necessary for platelet maturation. 
D)  Vitamin B12 binds to intrinsic factor. 
A)  Vitamin B12 is absorbed in the terminal ileum. 
B)  Vitamin B12 is absorbed in its free (unbound) form but only in small amounts. 
C)  Vitamin B12 is necessary for platelet maturation. 
D)  Vitamin B12 binds to intrinsic factor.

Question 20

Which vitamin facilitates the absorption of iron by the epithelial cells of the duodenum and jejunum?

Accepted Answer

A)  B6 
B)  C 
C)  E 
D)  B12 
A)  B6 
B)  C 
C)  E 
D)  B12

Exam 40: Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Match the hormone from the small intestine with its action.Hormones may be used more than once. -Decreases pancreatic and enzyme secretions.

How many days does it take for the entire epithelial population of the small intestines to be replaced?

Match the hormone from the small intestine with its action.Hormones may be used more than once. -Delays gastric and small bowel emptying.

Which pancreatic enzyme is responsible for the breakdown of carbohydrates?

Food enters the stomach via which sphincter?

What effect is a result of inhibiting the parasympathetic nervous system with a drug such as atropine?

Which water-soluble vitamin is absorbed by passive diffusion?

Which water-soluble vitamins are dependent on sodium for absorption? (Select all that apply.)

Which hormones are involved in regulating gastric motility by making the threshold potential of muscle fibers more negative? (Select all that apply.)

Which statement is incorrect regarding gallbladder function?

Which statement is correct regarding the functions of the pancreas? (Select all that apply.)

Glucose transport enhances the absorption of which electrolyte?

Match the hormone from the small intestine with its action.Hormones may be used more than once. -Enhances insulin release,lipolysis,and ketogenesis.

What requirements are necessary for calcium to be absorbed through the ileum at concentrations of less than 5 mmol/L? (Select all that apply.)

The ileum and jejunum are suspended by folds of the peritoneum that contain an extensive vascular and nervous network.What are these folds called?

What is the role of the normal intestinal bacterial flora?

Which gastric cells secrete hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor?

Which gastric hormone inhibits acid and pepsinogen secretion,as well as decrease the release of gastrin?

Which statement is incorrect regarding the characteristics of vitamin B12?

Which vitamin facilitates the absorption of iron by the epithelial cells of the duodenum and jejunum?

Cellular Biology

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases

Epigenetics and Disease

Innate Immunity: Inflammation

Adaptive Immunity

Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation

Infection

Stress and Disease

Cancer Biology

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems,Cerebral Hemodynamics,and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Female Reproductive System

Alterations of the Male Reproductive System

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Erythrocyte Function

Alterations of Leukocyte, Lymphoid, and Hemostatic Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults

Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children

Filters

Which statement is incorrect regarding the characteristics of vitamin B₁₂?