Exam 38: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Match the predisposing factors causing pyelonephritis to the pathology mechanism. -Movement of organisms from the urethra into the bladder with infection and retrograde spread to the kidney

Renal cell carcinoma,classified as clear cell tumors,arises from epithelial cells in which structure?

Which mineral accounts for the most common type of renal stone?

Prerenal injury from poor perfusion can result from which condition? (Select all that apply.)

Hypothyroidism,edema,hyperlipidemia,and lipiduria characterize which kidney disorder?

Which statement is false concerning the skeletal alterations caused by chronic renal failure when the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)declines to 25% of normal?

When the right kidney is obstructed,how will the glomeruli and tubules in the left kidney compensate?

Which differentiating sign is required to make the diagnosis of pyelonephritis from that of cystitis?

Detrusor hyperreflexia develops from neurologic disorders that originate where?

Match the predisposing factors causing pyelonephritis to the pathology mechanism. -Obstruction and stasis of urine,contributing to bacteremia and hydronephrosis; irritation of epithelial lining with entrapment of bacteria

Pyelonephritis is usually caused by which type of organism?

Considering the innervation of the circular muscles of the bladder neck,which classification of drug is used to treat bladder neck obstruction?

Bladder cancer is associated with the gene mutation of which gene?

Which conditions related to the bladder would result from the effects of lesions of the sacral segments below S1? (Select all that apply.)

Goodpasture syndrome is an example of which of the following?

Which antibiotics are considered "major culprits" in causing nephrotoxic acute tubular necrosis (ATN)?

Which glomerular lesion is characterized by thickening of the glomerular capillary wall with immune deposition of immunoglobulin G (IgG)and C3?

Considering host defense mechanisms,which element in the urine is bacteriostatic?