Exam 1: What Is Criminal Justice

Evidence-based practice involves crime-fighting strategies that have been scientifically tested and are based on social science research.

Match the core component of the criminal justice system to its functions. A)Police B)Correctional agencies C)Criminal courts -Rehabilitate convicted offenders

Match the core component of the criminal justice system to its functions. A)Police B)Correctional agencies C)Criminal courts -Maintain public order

Match the time period with the corresponding historical event. A)The passage of the USA PATRIOT Act B)A focus on corporate and white-collar crime and the passage of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act C)An epidemic of mass shootings and random violence in public venues D)The growth of organized crime as a result of Prohibition E)An increase in reports of serious crimes such as assault,rape,and murder F)The mass shooting at Columbine High School G)Relative stability of crime rates H)A dramatic increase in the use and sale of illicit drugs I)A crime epidemic occurred,apparently related to social upheaval caused in part by large-scale immigration J)A focus on civil rights and a significant increase in reported crime -1940s-1960s

The majority of sentences are imposed in criminal cases after defendants have been found guilty at trial.

An individual who believes that the various criminal justice agencies have different and competing goals would probably adhere to the ________ model of criminal justice.

________ describes the scientific study of the causes and prevention of crime and the rehabilitation and punishment of offenders?

Match the time period with the corresponding historical event. A)The passage of the USA PATRIOT Act B)A focus on corporate and white-collar crime and the passage of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act C)An epidemic of mass shootings and random violence in public venues D)The growth of organized crime as a result of Prohibition E)An increase in reports of serious crimes such as assault,rape,and murder F)The mass shooting at Columbine High School G)Relative stability of crime rates H)A dramatic increase in the use and sale of illicit drugs I)A crime epidemic occurred,apparently related to social upheaval caused in part by large-scale immigration J)A focus on civil rights and a significant increase in reported crime -1920-1933

Match the time period with the corresponding historical event. A)The passage of the USA PATRIOT Act B)A focus on corporate and white-collar crime and the passage of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act C)An epidemic of mass shootings and random violence in public venues D)The growth of organized crime as a result of Prohibition E)An increase in reports of serious crimes such as assault,rape,and murder F)The mass shooting at Columbine High School G)Relative stability of crime rates H)A dramatic increase in the use and sale of illicit drugs I)A crime epidemic occurred,apparently related to social upheaval caused in part by large-scale immigration J)A focus on civil rights and a significant increase in reported crime -1980s

In the late 20th century,public perspectives shifted towards seeing the criminal as a dangerous social predator rather than an unfortunate victim of social and personal circumstances.

Match the element of the criminal justice process with its definition. A)Taking a person into custody and limiting his or her freedom B)A law enforcement or correctional administrative process officially recording an entry into detention after arrest and identifying the person,the place,the time,the reason for the arrest,and the arresting authority C)A proceeding before a judge to establish if there is probable cause to believe a crime was committed and the defendant committed it D)The imposition of punishment by a judge on a convicted offender E)A formal written accusation submitted to a court by a prosecutor,alleging that a specified person has committed a specified offense F)A formal written accusation submitted to a court by a grand jury,alleging that a specified person has committed a specified offense G)Bringing suspects before a magistrate shortly after arrest to be advised of the charges against them,advised of their rights,and given the opportunity for bail. H)A defendant's first appearance before the court that has the authority to conduct a trial and the point at which the defendant is asked to enter a plea -Arraignment

Cultural competence helps ensure everyone's needs are met.

Match the time period with the corresponding historical event. A)The passage of the USA PATRIOT Act B)A focus on corporate and white-collar crime and the passage of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act C)An epidemic of mass shootings and random violence in public venues D)The growth of organized crime as a result of Prohibition E)An increase in reports of serious crimes such as assault,rape,and murder F)The mass shooting at Columbine High School G)Relative stability of crime rates H)A dramatic increase in the use and sale of illicit drugs I)A crime epidemic occurred,apparently related to social upheaval caused in part by large-scale immigration J)A focus on civil rights and a significant increase in reported crime -2002-2003

Match the element of the criminal justice process with its definition. A)Taking a person into custody and limiting his or her freedom B)A law enforcement or correctional administrative process officially recording an entry into detention after arrest and identifying the person,the place,the time,the reason for the arrest,and the arresting authority C)A proceeding before a judge to establish if there is probable cause to believe a crime was committed and the defendant committed it D)The imposition of punishment by a judge on a convicted offender E)A formal written accusation submitted to a court by a prosecutor,alleging that a specified person has committed a specified offense F)A formal written accusation submitted to a court by a grand jury,alleging that a specified person has committed a specified offense G)Bringing suspects before a magistrate shortly after arrest to be advised of the charges against them,advised of their rights,and given the opportunity for bail. H)A defendant's first appearance before the court that has the authority to conduct a trial and the point at which the defendant is asked to enter a plea -Indictment

Due process is specifically guaranteed only in the Fifth Amendment to the U.S.Constitution.

Criminal justice as an academic discipline began when criminal justice courses were offered to NYPD officers in universities in New York City.

A(n)________ society is one that contains many diverse groups with unique identities that also participate in the larger society's legal and political systems.

Match the time period with the corresponding historical event. A)The passage of the USA PATRIOT Act B)A focus on corporate and white-collar crime and the passage of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act C)An epidemic of mass shootings and random violence in public venues D)The growth of organized crime as a result of Prohibition E)An increase in reports of serious crimes such as assault,rape,and murder F)The mass shooting at Columbine High School G)Relative stability of crime rates H)A dramatic increase in the use and sale of illicit drugs I)A crime epidemic occurred,apparently related to social upheaval caused in part by large-scale immigration J)A focus on civil rights and a significant increase in reported crime -2012-2017

During which stage in the criminal justice process are suspects photographed and fingerprinted?

Match the element of the criminal justice process with its definition. A)Taking a person into custody and limiting his or her freedom B)A law enforcement or correctional administrative process officially recording an entry into detention after arrest and identifying the person,the place,the time,the reason for the arrest,and the arresting authority C)A proceeding before a judge to establish if there is probable cause to believe a crime was committed and the defendant committed it D)The imposition of punishment by a judge on a convicted offender E)A formal written accusation submitted to a court by a prosecutor,alleging that a specified person has committed a specified offense F)A formal written accusation submitted to a court by a grand jury,alleging that a specified person has committed a specified offense G)Bringing suspects before a magistrate shortly after arrest to be advised of the charges against them,advised of their rights,and given the opportunity for bail. H)A defendant's first appearance before the court that has the authority to conduct a trial and the point at which the defendant is asked to enter a plea -Arrest