Question 1

Which of the following conditions would cause an increase in the heart rate?

Accepted Answer

A)  activation of the parasympathetic nervous system 
B)  acetylcholine stimulation of nodal cells and contractile cells 
C)  activation of the sympathetic nervous system 
D)  decreased blood concentration of carbon dioxide and increased blood pressure 
E)  decreased blood concentration of oxygen and increased blood pressure 
A)  activation of the parasympathetic nervous system 
B)  acetylcholine stimulation of nodal cells and contractile cells 
C)  activation of the sympathetic nervous system 
D)  decreased blood concentration of carbon dioxide and increased blood pressure 
E)  decreased blood concentration of oxygen and increased blood pressure

Question 2

Externally, the posterior and inferior portions of the left and right ventricles form the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  sternocostal surface 
B)  right border 
C)  left border 
D)  diaphragmatic surface 
E)  superior border 
A)  sternocostal surface 
B)  right border 
C)  left border 
D)  diaphragmatic surface 
E)  superior border

Question 3

Which of the following is a unique feature of the right ventricle?

Accepted Answer

A)  left atrioventricular (mitral) valve 
B)  papillary muscles 
C)  aortic valve 
D)  pulmonary valve 
E)  trabeculae carneae 
A)  left atrioventricular (mitral) valve 
B)  papillary muscles 
C)  aortic valve 
D)  pulmonary valve 
E)  trabeculae carneae

Question 4

The inherent ability of cardiac muscle tissue to contract in the absence of neural or hormonal stimulation is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  threshold 
B)  systole 
C)  diastole 
D)  autorhythmicity 
E)  a cardiac pacemaker 
A)  threshold 
B)  systole 
C)  diastole 
D)  autorhythmicity 
E)  a cardiac pacemaker

Question 5

There are many interconnections between the arterial branches of the coronary circulation, which function to maintain a constant blood supply to the muscle of the heart. These connections are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  syncytium 
B)  intercalation 
C)  anastomoses 
D)  prolapse 
E)  autorhythmicity 
A)  syncytium 
B)  intercalation 
C)  anastomoses 
D)  prolapse 
E)  autorhythmicity

Question 6

Which of the following is true regarding contractions of the heart?

Accepted Answer

A)  The ventricles contract first, followed by the atria. 
B)  The contractions do not occur in any specific or precise sequence each time. 
C)  Cardiac muscle tissue contracts under neural stimulation. 
D)  The rate of cardiac contractions are established by the conducting fibers. 
E)  Cardiac contractions are coordinated by specialized conducting cells that distribute the stimulus to cardiac muscle cells. 
A)  The ventricles contract first, followed by the atria. 
B)  The contractions do not occur in any specific or precise sequence each time. 
C)  Cardiac muscle tissue contracts under neural stimulation. 
D)  The rate of cardiac contractions are established by the conducting fibers. 
E)  Cardiac contractions are coordinated by specialized conducting cells that distribute the stimulus to cardiac muscle cells.

Question 7

Which heart structure receives blood from the systemic circuit?

Accepted Answer

A)  left ventricle 
B)  pulmonary veins 
C)  right ventricle 
D)  left atrium 
E)  right atrium 
A)  left ventricle 
B)  pulmonary veins 
C)  right ventricle 
D)  left atrium 
E)  right atrium

Question 8

If the cusps of an atrioventricular valve are damaged or functionally impaired so that they do not close completely during the normal point in the cardiac cycle, blood may flow backwards. This is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  ischemia 
B)  regurgitation 
C)  thrombosis 
D)  automaticity 
E)  nodal depolarization 
A)  ischemia 
B)  regurgitation 
C)  thrombosis 
D)  automaticity 
E)  nodal depolarization

Question 9

Figure 21.2
   
Using the above figure, identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label C.

Accepted Answer

A)  Pulmonary artery 
B)  Inferior vena cava 
C)  Pulmonary vein 
D)  Ascending aorta 
E)  Superior vena cava 
A)  Pulmonary artery 
B)  Inferior vena cava 
C)  Pulmonary vein 
D)  Ascending aorta 
E)  Superior vena cava

Question 10

Which of the following associations is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  baroreceptors-sensitivity to dissolved gas concentrations 
B)  acetylcholine-muscarinic receptors on nodal cells and contractile cells 
C)  parasympathetic nervous system-cardiac nerves 
D)  norepinephrine-alpha receptors on nodal cells and contractile cells 
E)  sympathetic nervous system-vagus nerves 
A)  baroreceptors-sensitivity to dissolved gas concentrations 
B)  acetylcholine-muscarinic receptors on nodal cells and contractile cells 
C)  parasympathetic nervous system-cardiac nerves 
D)  norepinephrine-alpha receptors on nodal cells and contractile cells 
E)  sympathetic nervous system-vagus nerves

Question 11

The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the cardiovascular system occurs in which vessels?

Accepted Answer

A)  veins 
B)  arteries 
C)  capillaries 
D)  venules 
E)  arterioles 
A)  veins 
B)  arteries 
C)  capillaries 
D)  venules 
E)  arterioles

Question 12

A complete heartbeat is referred to as a(n)________.

Accepted Answer

A)  cardiac cycle 
B)  arrhythmia 
C)  diastole 
D)  internodal pathway 
E)  systole 
A)  cardiac cycle 
B)  arrhythmia 
C)  diastole 
D)  internodal pathway 
E)  systole

Question 13

Oxygen-poor blood travels from the right atrium into the right ventricle through the ________ valve.

Accepted Answer

A)  bicuspid 
B)  aortic 
C)  left atrioventricular (mitral) 
D)  right atrioventricular (tricuspid) 
E)  pulmonary 
A)  bicuspid 
B)  aortic 
C)  left atrioventricular (mitral) 
D)  right atrioventricular (tricuspid) 
E)  pulmonary

Question 14

Figure 21.4
   
Using the above figure, identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label Y.

Accepted Answer

A)  Brachiocephalic trunk 
B)  Pulmonary arteries 
C)  Pulmonary trunk 
D)  Pulmonary veins 
E)  Common carotid arteries 
A)  Brachiocephalic trunk 
B)  Pulmonary arteries 
C)  Pulmonary trunk 
D)  Pulmonary veins 
E)  Common carotid arteries

Question 15

Figure 21.5
   
Using the above figure, identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label B.

Accepted Answer

A)  Internodal pathways 
B)  AV bundle 
C)  Purkinje fibers 
D)  Moderator bands 
E)  Bundle branches 
A)  Internodal pathways 
B)  AV bundle 
C)  Purkinje fibers 
D)  Moderator bands 
E)  Bundle branches

Question 16

Which of the following vessels drains the anterior surface of the right ventricle and empties directly into the right atrium?

Accepted Answer

A)  middle cardiac vein 
B)  great cardiac vein 
C)  anterior cardiac veins 
D)  small cardiac vein 
E)  posterior veins of left ventricle 
A)  middle cardiac vein 
B)  great cardiac vein 
C)  anterior cardiac veins 
D)  small cardiac vein 
E)  posterior veins of left ventricle

Question 17

Which event occurs during the first phase of ventricular systole?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chordae tendineae are loose. 
B)  Semilunar valves are open . 
C)  The volume of the ventricles changes dramatically. 
D)  Blood exits from the ventricles. 
E)  Atrioventricular valves are closed. 
A)  Chordae tendineae are loose. 
B)  Semilunar valves are open . 
C)  The volume of the ventricles changes dramatically. 
D)  Blood exits from the ventricles. 
E)  Atrioventricular valves are closed.

Question 18

When not filled with blood the anterior portion of each atrium deflates and becomes a rather lumpy and wrinkled flap called the________.

Accepted Answer

A)  atrial sinus 
B)  coronary sulcus 
C)  atrial apex 
D)  interatrial groove 
E)  auricle 
A)  atrial sinus 
B)  coronary sulcus 
C)  atrial apex 
D)  interatrial groove 
E)  auricle

Question 19

The outermost layer of the serous pericardium is termed the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  parietal pericardium 
B)  fibrous pericardium 
C)  visceral pericardium 
D)  endocardium 
E)  epicardium 
A)  parietal pericardium 
B)  fibrous pericardium 
C)  visceral pericardium 
D)  endocardium 
E)  epicardium

Question 20

Figure 21.2
   
Using the above figure, identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label H.

Accepted Answer

A)  Auricle 
B)  Ventricle 
C)  Coronary sulcus 
D)  Atrium 
E)  Interventricular sulcus 
A)  Auricle 
B)  Ventricle 
C)  Coronary sulcus 
D)  Atrium 
E)  Interventricular sulcus

Exam 21: The Cardiovascular System: The Heart

Which of the following conditions would cause an increase in the heart rate?

Externally, the posterior and inferior portions of the left and right ventricles form the ________.

Which of the following is a unique feature of the right ventricle?

The inherent ability of cardiac muscle tissue to contract in the absence of neural or hormonal stimulation is called ________.

There are many interconnections between the arterial branches of the coronary circulation, which function to maintain a constant blood supply to the muscle of the heart. These connections are called ________.

Which of the following is true regarding contractions of the heart?

Which heart structure receives blood from the systemic circuit?

If the cusps of an atrioventricular valve are damaged or functionally impaired so that they do not close completely during the normal point in the cardiac cycle, blood may flow backwards. This is called ________.

Figure 21.2 Using the above figure, identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label C.

Which of the following associations is correct?

The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the cardiovascular system occurs in which vessels?

A complete heartbeat is referred to as a(n)________.

Oxygen-poor blood travels from the right atrium into the right ventricle through the ________ valve.

Figure 21.4 Using the above figure, identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label Y.

Figure 21.5 Using the above figure, identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label B.

Which of the following vessels drains the anterior surface of the right ventricle and empties directly into the right atrium?

Which event occurs during the first phase of ventricular systole?

When not filled with blood the anterior portion of each atrium deflates and becomes a rather lumpy and wrinkled flap called the________.

The outermost layer of the serous pericardium is termed the ________.

Figure 21.2 Using the above figure, identify the labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label H.

Foundations: An Introduction to Anatomy

Foundations: The Cell

Foundations: Tissues and Early Embryology

The Integumentary System

The Skeletal System: Osseous Tissue and Skeletal Structure

The Skeletal System: Axial Division

The Skeletal System: Appendicular Division

The Skeletal System: Articulations

The Muscular System: Skeletal Muscle Tissue and Muscle Organization

The Muscular System: Axial Musculature

The Muscular System: Appendicular Musculature

Surface Anatomy and Cross-Sectional Anatomy

The Nervous System: Neural Tissue

The Nervous System: The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

The Nervous System: Sensory and Motor Tracts of the Spinal Cord

The Nervous System: The Brain and Cranial Nerves

The Nervous System: Autonomic Nervous System

The Nervous System: General and Special Senses

The Endocrine System

The Cardiovascular System: Blood

The Cardiovascular System: Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

The Urinary System

The Reproductive System

Embryology and Human Development

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