Question 1

In the PNS, the neuron cell bodies are found in clusters called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  white matter 
B)  nuclei 
C)  ganglia 
D)  columns 
E)  tracts 
A)  white matter 
B)  nuclei 
C)  ganglia 
D)  columns 
E)  tracts C

Question 2

Figure 13.2
   
Using the above-referenced diagram of a myelinated axon in the PNS, identify the specified labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label A.

Accepted Answer

A)  Dendrite 
B)  Axon hillock 
C)  Nucleus 
D)  Myelin sheath 
E)  Basal lamina 
A)  Dendrite 
B)  Axon hillock 
C)  Nucleus 
D)  Myelin sheath 
E)  Basal lamina C

Question 3

Oligodendrocytes are the largest and most numerous of the glial cells, having a variety of functions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

Axons connecting the ganglion cells with the peripheral effectors are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  postganglionic fibers 
B)  ganglionic fibers 
C)  preganglionic fibers 
D)  efferent fibers 
E)  afferent fibers 
A)  postganglionic fibers 
B)  ganglionic fibers 
C)  preganglionic fibers 
D)  efferent fibers 
E)  afferent fibers

Question 5

Movement of nutrients, waste products, and organelles between the cell body and the synaptic terminals is a process called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  axonal transport 
B)  axoplasmic transport 
C)  osmosis 
D)  diffusion 
E)  neuroskeletal contraction 
A)  axonal transport 
B)  axoplasmic transport 
C)  osmosis 
D)  diffusion 
E)  neuroskeletal contraction

Question 6

Functions of the peripheral nervous system include ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  providing sensory information to the CNS only 
B)  making higher order decisions to interpret sensory inputs 
C)  carrying motor commands to the peripheral tissues and systems only 
D)  carrying information up and down the spinal cord 
E)  providing sensory information to the CNS and carrying motor commands to the peripheral tissues and systems 
A)  providing sensory information to the CNS only 
B)  making higher order decisions to interpret sensory inputs 
C)  carrying motor commands to the peripheral tissues and systems only 
D)  carrying information up and down the spinal cord 
E)  providing sensory information to the CNS and carrying motor commands to the peripheral tissues and systems

Question 7

The cell body usually has several branching ________, which are specialized to respond to specific stimuli in the extracellular environment.

Accepted Answer

A)  soma 
B)  dendrites 
C)  astrocytes 
D)  axons 
E)  satellite cells 
A)  soma 
B)  dendrites 
C)  astrocytes 
D)  axons 
E)  satellite cells

Question 8

A small neuron in which there are no anatomical clues to distinguish dendrites from axons is called an anaxonic neuron.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Figure 13.1
   
Using the above-referenced histological diagram of neural tissue in the CNS, identify the specified labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label P.

Accepted Answer

A)  Schwann cells 
B)  Satellite cells 
C)  Microglial cells 
D)  Astrocytes 
E)  Ependymal cells 
A)  Schwann cells 
B)  Satellite cells 
C)  Microglial cells 
D)  Astrocytes 
E)  Ependymal cells

Question 10

Neurotransmitters are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  produced on command 
B)  stored in synaptic vesicles in the presynaptic membrane 
C)  released from the postsynaptic membrane to the presynaptic membrane 
D)  released only at electrical synapses 
E)  produced by astrocytes 
A)  produced on command 
B)  stored in synaptic vesicles in the presynaptic membrane 
C)  released from the postsynaptic membrane to the presynaptic membrane 
D)  released only at electrical synapses 
E)  produced by astrocytes

Question 11

Which of the following are examples of neuroeffector synapses?

Accepted Answer

A)  neuromuscular synapse 
B)  neuroglandular synapse 
C)  neuroneural synapse 
D)  neuroaxonic synapses 
E)  both neuromuscular synapse and neuroglandular synapse 
A)  neuromuscular synapse 
B)  neuroglandular synapse 
C)  neuroneural synapse 
D)  neuroaxonic synapses 
E)  both neuromuscular synapse and neuroglandular synapse

Question 12

What occurs at the axon terminals of a neuron during synaptic communication?

Accepted Answer

At the axon terminal , the neuron commun

Question 13

The portion of a neuron that carries information in the form of a nerve impulse (action potential)is called the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  soma 
B)  Nissl body 
C)  axon 
D)  dendrite 
E)  myelin 
A)  soma 
B)  Nissl body 
C)  axon 
D)  dendrite 
E)  myelin

Question 14

Action potentials result from ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the closing of ion channels 
B)  a change in the membrane potential of axons 
C)  the opening of calcium gates 
D)  neurons transporting neurotransmitters 
E)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  the closing of ion channels 
B)  a change in the membrane potential of axons 
C)  the opening of calcium gates 
D)  neurons transporting neurotransmitters 
E)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 15

Figure 13.4
   
Using the above-referenced diagram of a synapse, identify the specified labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label M.

Accepted Answer

A)  Dendritic spines 
B)  Ribosomes 
C)  Axon terminals 
D)  Synaptic vesicles 
E)  Telodendria 
A)  Dendritic spines 
B)  Ribosomes 
C)  Axon terminals 
D)  Synaptic vesicles 
E)  Telodendria

Question 16

What is the significance of the blood-brain barrier in brain cell function?

Accepted Answer

The blood-brain barrier acts to isolate

Question 17

Involuntary cardiac muscle fibers of the heart are innervated by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  sensoriganglionic fibers 
B)  preganglionic fibers 
C)  somatic motor fibers 
D)  visceral motor fibers 
E)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  sensoriganglionic fibers 
B)  preganglionic fibers 
C)  somatic motor fibers 
D)  visceral motor fibers 
E)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 18

Figure 13.3
   
Using the above-referenced diagram of an unmyelinated axon in the PNS, identify the specified labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions.
-Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label C.

Accepted Answer

A)  Basal lamina 
B)  Axolemma 
C)  Nucleus 
D)  Neurolemma 
E)  Dendrite 
A)  Basal lamina 
B)  Axolemma 
C)  Nucleus 
D)  Neurolemma 
E)  Dendrite

Question 19

________ is the ability of a plasma membrane to respond to an adequate stimulus.

Accepted Answer

A)  Excitability 
B)  Threshold stimulus 
C)  Wallerian degeneration 
D)  Membrane potential 
E)  Propagation 
A)  Excitability 
B)  Threshold stimulus 
C)  Wallerian degeneration 
D)  Membrane potential 
E)  Propagation

Question 20

Cerebrospinal fluid is produced by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  astrocytes 
B)  oligodendrocytes 
C)  ependymal cells 
D)  Schwann cells 
E)  satellite cells 
A)  astrocytes 
B)  oligodendrocytes 
C)  ependymal cells 
D)  Schwann cells 
E)  satellite cells

Exam 13: The Nervous System: Neural Tissue

In the PNS, the neuron cell bodies are found in clusters called ________.

Figure 13.2 Using the above-referenced diagram of a myelinated axon in the PNS, identify the specified labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label A.

Oligodendrocytes are the largest and most numerous of the glial cells, having a variety of functions.

Axons connecting the ganglion cells with the peripheral effectors are called ________.

Movement of nutrients, waste products, and organelles between the cell body and the synaptic terminals is a process called ________.

Functions of the peripheral nervous system include ________.

The cell body usually has several branching ________, which are specialized to respond to specific stimuli in the extracellular environment.

A small neuron in which there are no anatomical clues to distinguish dendrites from axons is called an anaxonic neuron.

Figure 13.1 Using the above-referenced histological diagram of neural tissue in the CNS, identify the specified labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label P.

Neurotransmitters are ________.

Which of the following are examples of neuroeffector synapses?

What occurs at the axon terminals of a neuron during synaptic communication?

The portion of a neuron that carries information in the form of a nerve impulse (action potential)is called the ________.

Action potentials result from ________.

Figure 13.4 Using the above-referenced diagram of a synapse, identify the specified labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label M.

What is the significance of the blood-brain barrier in brain cell function?

Involuntary cardiac muscle fibers of the heart are innervated by ________.

Figure 13.3 Using the above-referenced diagram of an unmyelinated axon in the PNS, identify the specified labeled structure(s) in each of the following questions. -Identify the structure(s) indicated by Label C.

________ is the ability of a plasma membrane to respond to an adequate stimulus.

Cerebrospinal fluid is produced by ________.

Foundations: An Introduction to Anatomy

Foundations: The Cell

Foundations: Tissues and Early Embryology

The Integumentary System

The Skeletal System: Osseous Tissue and Skeletal Structure

The Skeletal System: Axial Division

The Skeletal System: Appendicular Division

The Skeletal System: Articulations

The Muscular System: Skeletal Muscle Tissue and Muscle Organization

The Muscular System: Axial Musculature

The Muscular System: Appendicular Musculature

Surface Anatomy and Cross-Sectional Anatomy

The Nervous System: The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

The Nervous System: Sensory and Motor Tracts of the Spinal Cord

The Nervous System: The Brain and Cranial Nerves

The Nervous System: Autonomic Nervous System

The Nervous System: General and Special Senses

The Endocrine System

The Cardiovascular System: Blood

The Cardiovascular System: The Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

The Urinary System

The Reproductive System

Embryology and Human Development

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