Exam 5: Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations

According to self-determination theory, what type of motivation explains the student's effort in school when the student says, "I try so hard so I won't feel guilty or ashamed of myself."?

The book asks the question, What is a reinforcer? Provide a practical answer in terms of its effect on behavior, and provide a theoretical answer in terms of why it has this effect on behavior.

Answer the following question and explain your

A(n) ___is an environmental object that occurs before the start of a sequence of behavior and attracts or repels the individual to engage or not in the behavior.

Answer the following question and explain your

According to self-determination theory, the motivation that needs to be most enhanced in asking another person to engage in an uninteresting but important activity E.g., recycling, cleaning) is to promote:

The study of extrinsic motivation revolves around three central concepts. Which of the following is not one of those concepts?

People experience intrinsic motivation because:

If a person takes an aspirin and the aspirin makes a headache go away, then the person becomes more likely to take an aspirin for a headache in the future. This example illustrates that the aspirin acts as a(n):

Which statement concerning negative reinforcement and punishment is most true?

Which one of the following is not a "hidden cost of rewards?"

Explain why motivation researchers argue that why a person receives a reward is at least as important in predicting its effects on motivation as is what reward is given.

Consider two different ways of motivating others by using rewards. First way: "Good job, you improved your penmanship nicely." Second way: "If you improve your penmanship today, then I'll give you a reward." Why is the first way more effective and less harmful (in terms of side effects) than is the second way?

According to Deci and Ryan's cognitive evaluation theory, all extrinsic events have two functional aspects: a controlling aspect and an informational aspect. To say that an external event is informational means that it:

Explain how an externally provided rationale can increase a person's self-determined motivation to engage in an uninteresting but important task with high effort.

Extrinsic rewards do not always undermine intrinsic motivation, as some types of extrinsic rewards are more undermining than other types. All of the following are undermining characteristics of extrinsic rewards, except:

Define and give one example of each of the following: positive reinforcer, negative reinforcer, punisher, reward.

When a drill instructor uses orders, commands, directives, and in-your-face shouts to increase recruits' compliance, his approach to motivation relies heavily on:

An externally provided rationale works as a motivational strategy during an uninteresting activity because it can:

___emerges spontaneously from psychological needs, personal curiosities, and innate strivings for growth.