Question 1

Fixation due to random genetic drift is more rapid in

Accepted Answer

A)  tropical environments. 
B)  small populations. 
C)  blue-eyed persons. 
D)  the formation of a new species. 
E)  the punctuated equilibrium model of evolution. 
A)  tropical environments. 
B)  small populations. 
C)  blue-eyed persons. 
D)  the formation of a new species. 
E)  the punctuated equilibrium model of evolution. B

Question 2

Mutations introduce genetic variation into a gene pool.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

In theory, a biological race is a geographically isolated subdivision of a species. Humanity (Homo sapiens) lacks such races because

Accepted Answer

A)  although humans exhibit biological differences, these are only skin deep. 
B)  humans are less genetically predictable than animals and plants susceptible to domestication. 
C)  human populations have not been isolated enough from one another to develop such discrete groups. 
D)  human populations have experienced a type of controlled breeding distinct from that of dogs and roses. 
E)  they are politically incorrect. 
A)  although humans exhibit biological differences, these are only skin deep. 
B)  humans are less genetically predictable than animals and plants susceptible to domestication. 
C)  human populations have not been isolated enough from one another to develop such discrete groups. 
D)  human populations have experienced a type of controlled breeding distinct from that of dogs and roses. 
E)  they are politically incorrect. C

Question 4

Mendelian genetics studies the ways in which gene frequencies vary in communities from generation to generation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Natural selection operates directly on the genotype of an organism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following statements about individuals with the HbS allele in the homozygous form is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They always develop fatal cases of sickle-cell anemia late in life. 
B)  They lack the capacity to digest lactose. 
C)  They are usually found in temperate regions of the world. 
D)  They rarely develop any form of sickle-cell anemia before reaching reproductive age. 
E)  They usually develop fatal cases of sickle-cell anemia. 
A)  They always develop fatal cases of sickle-cell anemia late in life. 
B)  They lack the capacity to digest lactose. 
C)  They are usually found in temperate regions of the world. 
D)  They rarely develop any form of sickle-cell anemia before reaching reproductive age. 
E)  They usually develop fatal cases of sickle-cell anemia.

Question 7

One of the selective advantages of dark skin color in the tropics is that it reduces the susceptibility to folate destruction and therefore diminishes the likelihood of neural tube defects among human embryos. Folate is also necessary in men in order to maintain normal sperm production.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Uniformitarianism states that the natural forces at work today have more or less been the same as those at work in the past.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

An examination of racial taxonomies from around the world would indicate that

Accepted Answer

A)  classifying racial types can best be done by considering only genotype. 
B)  the best classification of racial types considers genotype as well as phenotype. 
C)  all cultures classify races similarly. 
D)  the classification of racial types is an arbitrary and culturally specific process. 
E)  classifying racial types can best be done by considering only phenotypic traits. 
A)  classifying racial types can best be done by considering only genotype. 
B)  the best classification of racial types considers genotype as well as phenotype. 
C)  all cultures classify races similarly. 
D)  the classification of racial types is an arbitrary and culturally specific process. 
E)  classifying racial types can best be done by considering only phenotypic traits.

Question 10

Natural selection is the process by which the forms most fit to survive and reproduce in a given environment do so in greater numbers than others in the same population. But more than survival of the fittest, natural selection is the natural process that leads to

Accepted Answer

A)  the most fit members collecting the most resources from the environment. 
B)  survival success in any environment. 
C)  the toughest members of their population having the longest life span. 
D)  the survival of those members of their population that practice true altruism. 
E)  differential reproductive success. 
A)  the most fit members collecting the most resources from the environment. 
B)  survival success in any environment. 
C)  the toughest members of their population having the longest life span. 
D)  the survival of those members of their population that practice true altruism. 
E)  differential reproductive success.

Question 11

Skin color is a simple biological trait that is influenced by one gene and environmental exposure to sunlight.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

What term refers to an organism's evident traits, its "manifest biology"?

Accepted Answer

A)  phenotype 
B)  hereditary inequality 
C)  biological circumscription 
D)  genotype 
E)  manifest destiny 
A)  phenotype 
B)  hereditary inequality 
C)  biological circumscription 
D)  genotype 
E)  manifest destiny

Question 13

What is the term for the belief that explanations for past events should be sought in ordinary forces that are at work today?

Accepted Answer

A)  uniformitarianism 
B)  creationism 
C)  recombination 
D)  catastrophism 
E)  speciation 
A)  uniformitarianism 
B)  creationism 
C)  recombination 
D)  catastrophism 
E)  speciation

Question 14

There is much greater variation within each of the traditional so-called races than between them.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Biologists have rejected the idea of three great races (white, black, and yellow) largely because it fails to account for Native Americans.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Mendel's concept of independent assortment is based on the fact that individual traits are inherited independently of one another.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Thanks to medical advances, genetic resistance to diseases no longer confers any selective advantage.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following statements about natural selection is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Natural selection operates with respect to specific environments. 
B)  Natural selection was first scientifically described by Darwin and Wallace. 
C)  Natural selection is the sum of environmental forces that conditions the survival of particular phenotypes. 
D)  Natural selection operates directly on genetic variety. 
E)  Natural selection is most obvious when there is competition among a population for strategic resources. 
A)  Natural selection operates with respect to specific environments. 
B)  Natural selection was first scientifically described by Darwin and Wallace. 
C)  Natural selection is the sum of environmental forces that conditions the survival of particular phenotypes. 
D)  Natural selection operates directly on genetic variety. 
E)  Natural selection is most obvious when there is competition among a population for strategic resources.

Question 19

Traditional racial classification assumed that biological characteristics such as skin color were determined by heredity and remained stable over many generations. We now know that

Accepted Answer

A)  skin color is determined by a single gene that is prone to mutations over many generations. 
B)  skin color is determined by sun exposure and the amount of melanin in our diets. 
C)  a biological similarity such as skin color is always the result of both common ancestry and natural selection. 
D)  skin color is actually determined throughout child development. 
E)  a biological similarity such as skin color is also the result of natural selection working among different populations that face similar environmental challenges. 
A)  skin color is determined by a single gene that is prone to mutations over many generations. 
B)  skin color is determined by sun exposure and the amount of melanin in our diets. 
C)  a biological similarity such as skin color is always the result of both common ancestry and natural selection. 
D)  skin color is actually determined throughout child development. 
E)  a biological similarity such as skin color is also the result of natural selection working among different populations that face similar environmental challenges.

Question 20

Genotype refers to expressed physical traits based on genetic makeup.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Fixation due to random genetic drift is more rapid in

Mutations introduce genetic variation into a gene pool.

In theory, a biological race is a geographically isolated subdivision of a species. Humanity (Homo sapiens) lacks such races because

Mendelian genetics studies the ways in which gene frequencies vary in communities from generation to generation.

Natural selection operates directly on the genotype of an organism.

Which of the following statements about individuals with the Hb^S allele in the homozygous form is TRUE?

One of the selective advantages of dark skin color in the tropics is that it reduces the susceptibility to folate destruction and therefore diminishes the likelihood of neural tube defects among human embryos. Folate is also necessary in men in order to maintain normal sperm production.

Uniformitarianism states that the natural forces at work today have more or less been the same as those at work in the past.

An examination of racial taxonomies from around the world would indicate that

Natural selection is the process by which the forms most fit to survive and reproduce in a given environment do so in greater numbers than others in the same population. But more than survival of the fittest, natural selection is the natural process that leads to

Skin color is a simple biological trait that is influenced by one gene and environmental exposure to sunlight.

What term refers to an organism's evident traits, its "manifest biology"?

What is the term for the belief that explanations for past events should be sought in ordinary forces that are at work today?

There is much greater variation within each of the traditional so-called races than between them.

Biologists have rejected the idea of three great races (white, black, and yellow) largely because it fails to account for Native Americans.

Mendel's concept of independent assortment is based on the fact that individual traits are inherited independently of one another.

Thanks to medical advances, genetic resistance to diseases no longer confers any selective advantage.

Which of the following statements about natural selection is FALSE?

Traditional racial classification assumed that biological characteristics such as skin color were determined by heredity and remained stable over many generations. We now know that

Genotype refers to expressed physical traits based on genetic makeup.

What Is Anthropology

Culture

Doing Anthropology

The Primates

Early Hominins

The Genus Homo

The First Farmers

The First Cities and States

Language and Communication

Making a Living

Political Systems

Families, Kinship, and Marriage

Gender

Religion

Ethnicity and Race

Applying Anthropology

The World System, Colonialism, and Inequality

Anthropologys Role in a Globalizing World

Filters

Exam 4: Evolution, Genetics, and Human Variation

Fixation due to random genetic drift is more rapid in

Mutations introduce genetic variation into a gene pool.

In theory, a biological race is a geographically isolated subdivision of a species. Humanity (Homo sapiens) lacks such races because

Mendelian genetics studies the ways in which gene frequencies vary in communities from generation to generation.

Natural selection operates directly on the genotype of an organism.

Which of the following statements about individuals with the HbS allele in the homozygous form is TRUE?

One of the selective advantages of dark skin color in the tropics is that it reduces the susceptibility to folate destruction and therefore diminishes the likelihood of neural tube defects among human embryos. Folate is also necessary in men in order to maintain normal sperm production.

Uniformitarianism states that the natural forces at work today have more or less been the same as those at work in the past.

An examination of racial taxonomies from around the world would indicate that

Natural selection is the process by which the forms most fit to survive and reproduce in a given environment do so in greater numbers than others in the same population. But more than survival of the fittest, natural selection is the natural process that leads to

Skin color is a simple biological trait that is influenced by one gene and environmental exposure to sunlight.

What term refers to an organism's evident traits, its "manifest biology"?

What is the term for the belief that explanations for past events should be sought in ordinary forces that are at work today?

There is much greater variation within each of the traditional so-called races than between them.

Biologists have rejected the idea of three great races (white, black, and yellow) largely because it fails to account for Native Americans.

Mendel's concept of independent assortment is based on the fact that individual traits are inherited independently of one another.

Thanks to medical advances, genetic resistance to diseases no longer confers any selective advantage.

Which of the following statements about natural selection is FALSE?

Traditional racial classification assumed that biological characteristics such as skin color were determined by heredity and remained stable over many generations. We now know that

Genotype refers to expressed physical traits based on genetic makeup.

What Is Anthropology

Culture

Doing Anthropology

The Primates

Early Hominins

The Genus Homo

The First Farmers

The First Cities and States

Language and Communication

Making a Living

Political Systems

Families, Kinship, and Marriage

Gender

Religion

Ethnicity and Race

Applying Anthropology

The World System, Colonialism, and Inequality

Anthropologys Role in a Globalizing World

Filters

Which of the following statements about individuals with the Hb^S allele in the homozygous form is TRUE?