Question 1

Based on Franz Boas's observation that contact between neighboring tribes has existed since humanity's beginnings and covered enormous areas, it can be argued that

Accepted Answer

A)  biology, not culture, was responsible for the vast majority of human diversity. 
B)  language must have originated among the Neandertals. 
C)  general anthropologists were wrong to focus too much attention on biology. 
D)  cultures should not be treated as isolated phenomena. 
E)  even the earliest foragers engaged in warfare. 
A)  biology, not culture, was responsible for the vast majority of human diversity. 
B)  language must have originated among the Neandertals. 
C)  general anthropologists were wrong to focus too much attention on biology. 
D)  cultures should not be treated as isolated phenomena. 
E)  even the earliest foragers engaged in warfare. D

Question 2

What is one of the most fundamental key assumptions that anthropologists share?

Accepted Answer

A)  We can draw conclusions about human nature by studying a single society. 
B)  There are no universals, so cross-cultural research is bound to fail. 
C)  Anthropologists cannot agree on what anthropology is, much less share key assumptions. 
D)  A degree in philosophy is the best way to produce good ethnographies. 
E)  A comparative, cross-cultural approach is essential to study the human condition. 
A)  We can draw conclusions about human nature by studying a single society. 
B)  There are no universals, so cross-cultural research is bound to fail. 
C)  Anthropologists cannot agree on what anthropology is, much less share key assumptions. 
D)  A degree in philosophy is the best way to produce good ethnographies. 
E)  A comparative, cross-cultural approach is essential to study the human condition. E

Question 3

This chapter's description of how humans cope with low oxygen pressure in high altitudes illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  the need for anthropologists to pay more attention to human adaptation in extreme environments. 
B)  how biological adaptations are effective only when they are genetic. 
C)  how in matters of life or death, biology is ultimately more important than culture. 
D)  how human plasticity has decreased ever since we embraced a sedentary lifestyle some 10,000 years ago. 
E)  human capacities for cultural and biological adaptation, the latter involving both genetic and physiological adaptations. 
A)  the need for anthropologists to pay more attention to human adaptation in extreme environments. 
B)  how biological adaptations are effective only when they are genetic. 
C)  how in matters of life or death, biology is ultimately more important than culture. 
D)  how human plasticity has decreased ever since we embraced a sedentary lifestyle some 10,000 years ago. 
E)  human capacities for cultural and biological adaptation, the latter involving both genetic and physiological adaptations. E

Question 4

What is the process by which children learn a particular cultural tradition?

Accepted Answer

A)  ethnography 
B)  biological adaptation 
C)  enculturation 
D)  acculturation 
E)  ethnology 
A)  ethnography 
B)  biological adaptation 
C)  enculturation 
D)  acculturation 
E)  ethnology

Question 5

Primatology is a specialty within

Accepted Answer

A)  applied anthropology. 
B)  cultural anthropology. 
C)  biological anthropology. 
D)  anthropological archaeology. 
E)  linguistic anthropology. 
A)  applied anthropology. 
B)  cultural anthropology. 
C)  biological anthropology. 
D)  anthropological archaeology. 
E)  linguistic anthropology.

Question 6

As humans organize their lives and adapt to different environments, our abilities to learn, think symbolically, use language, and employ tools and other products

Accepted Answer

A)  are shared with other animals capable of organized group life-such as baboons, wolves, and even ants. 
B)  rest on certain features of human biology that make culture, which is not itself biological, possible. 
C)  prove that only fully developed adults have the capacity for culture; children lack the capacity for culture until they mature. 
D)  have made some human groups more cultured than others. 
E)  rest on certain features of human biology that make culture itself a biological phenomenon. 
A)  are shared with other animals capable of organized group life-such as baboons, wolves, and even ants. 
B)  rest on certain features of human biology that make culture, which is not itself biological, possible. 
C)  prove that only fully developed adults have the capacity for culture; children lack the capacity for culture until they mature. 
D)  have made some human groups more cultured than others. 
E)  rest on certain features of human biology that make culture itself a biological phenomenon.

Question 7

Applied anthropology

Accepted Answer

A)  encompasses any use of the knowledge and/or techniques of its four subfields to identify, assess, and solve practical problems. 
B)  is a European phenomenon. 
C)  has yet to be recognized by the American Anthropological Association. 
D)  focuses on preparing emerging academic scholars to improve their grant application skills. 
E)  originated at the same time that anthropology's four-field approach became established among early 20th-century U.S. academics. 
A)  encompasses any use of the knowledge and/or techniques of its four subfields to identify, assess, and solve practical problems. 
B)  is a European phenomenon. 
C)  has yet to be recognized by the American Anthropological Association. 
D)  focuses on preparing emerging academic scholars to improve their grant application skills. 
E)  originated at the same time that anthropology's four-field approach became established among early 20th-century U.S. academics.

Question 8

The American Anthropological Association has formally acknowledged a public service role by recognizing that anthropology has which two dimensions?

Accepted Answer

A)  ethnology and public ethnography 
B)  academic anthropology and applied anthropology 
C)  cultural resource management and medical anthropology 
D)  private anthropology and public anthropology 
E)  applied anthropology and practicing anthropology 
A)  ethnology and public ethnography 
B)  academic anthropology and applied anthropology 
C)  cultural resource management and medical anthropology 
D)  private anthropology and public anthropology 
E)  applied anthropology and practicing anthropology

Question 9

Anthropology is a science, yet it has been suggested that anthropology is among the most humanistic of all academic fields. This is because

Accepted Answer

A)  it puts so much emphasis on the study of culture that cannot be studied scientifically. 
B)  the field, particularly in the United States, traces its origins to philosophy and literature. 
C)  its main object of study is humans. 
D)  its findings are best expressed with the tools of the humanities. 
E)  of its fundamental respect for human diversity. 
A)  it puts so much emphasis on the study of culture that cannot be studied scientifically. 
B)  the field, particularly in the United States, traces its origins to philosophy and literature. 
C)  its main object of study is humans. 
D)  its findings are best expressed with the tools of the humanities. 
E)  of its fundamental respect for human diversity.

Question 10

Anthropologists' early interest in Native North Americans

Accepted Answer

A)  was more important than interest in the relation between biology and culture in the development of U.S. four-field anthropology. 
B)  is unique to European anthropology. 
C)  is an important historical reason for the development of four-field anthropology in the U.S. 
D)  proved early on that culture is a function of race. 
E)  was replaced in the 1930s by the two-field approach. 
A)  was more important than interest in the relation between biology and culture in the development of U.S. four-field anthropology. 
B)  is unique to European anthropology. 
C)  is an important historical reason for the development of four-field anthropology in the U.S. 
D)  proved early on that culture is a function of race. 
E)  was replaced in the 1930s by the two-field approach.

Question 11

A holistic and comparative perspective

Accepted Answer

A)  is the hallmark of all social sciences, not just anthropology. 
B)  refers only to the cultural aspects of human diversity that anthropologists study. 
C)  most characterizes anthropology when compared to other disciplines that study humans. 
D)  makes general anthropology superior to sociocultural anthropology. 
E)  makes anthropology an interesting field of study, but too broad of one to apply to the real problems people face today. 
A)  is the hallmark of all social sciences, not just anthropology. 
B)  refers only to the cultural aspects of human diversity that anthropologists study. 
C)  most characterizes anthropology when compared to other disciplines that study humans. 
D)  makes general anthropology superior to sociocultural anthropology. 
E)  makes anthropology an interesting field of study, but too broad of one to apply to the real problems people face today.

Question 12

Culture is not itself biological but rests on certain features of human biology.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Anthropologists agree that a comparative, cross-cultural approach is unnecessary as long as researchers are diligent in their work.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Ethnography involves the collection of data used to create an account of a particular community, society, or culture.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Ethnography is the

Accepted Answer

A)  generalizing aspect of cultural anthropology. 
B)  cross-cultural comparative component of cultural anthropology. 
C)  preliminary data that sociologists use to develop survey research. 
D)  fieldwork component of cultural anthropology. 
E)  study of biological adaptability. 
A)  generalizing aspect of cultural anthropology. 
B)  cross-cultural comparative component of cultural anthropology. 
C)  preliminary data that sociologists use to develop survey research. 
D)  fieldwork component of cultural anthropology. 
E)  study of biological adaptability.

Question 16

Which of the following statements about culture is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Culture guides the beliefs and behavior of the people exposed to it. 
B)  Culture is passed on genetically to future generations. 
C)  Culture is a key aspect of human adaptability and success. 
D)  Cultural forces consistently mold and shape human biology and behavior. 
E)  Culture is passed on from generation to generation. 
A)  Culture guides the beliefs and behavior of the people exposed to it. 
B)  Culture is passed on genetically to future generations. 
C)  Culture is a key aspect of human adaptability and success. 
D)  Cultural forces consistently mold and shape human biology and behavior. 
E)  Culture is passed on from generation to generation.

Question 17

What is anthropology?

Accepted Answer

A)  the art of ethnography 
B)  the study of the stages of social evolution 
C)  the study of long-term physiological adaptation 
D)  the humanistic investigation of myths in nonindustrial societies 
E)  the study of humans around the world and through time 
A)  the art of ethnography 
B)  the study of the stages of social evolution 
C)  the study of long-term physiological adaptation 
D)  the humanistic investigation of myths in nonindustrial societies 
E)  the study of humans around the world and through time

Question 18

What component of cultural anthropology is comparative and focused on building upon our understanding of how cultural systems work?

Accepted Answer

A)  data collection 
B)  ethnology 
C)  fieldwork 
D)  data entry 
E)  ethnography 
A)  data collection 
B)  ethnology 
C)  fieldwork 
D)  data entry 
E)  ethnography

Question 19

The presence of more efficient respiratory systems to extract oxygen from the air among human populations living at high elevations is an example of which form of adaptation?

Accepted Answer

A)  cultural adaptation 
B)  short-term physiological adaptation 
C)  long-term physiological adaptation 
D)  genetic adaptation 
E)  symbolic adaptation 
A)  cultural adaptation 
B)  short-term physiological adaptation 
C)  long-term physiological adaptation 
D)  genetic adaptation 
E)  symbolic adaptation

Question 20

Archaeologists studying sunken ships off the coast of Florida and analyzing the content of modern garbage are examples of how

Accepted Answer

A)  Hollywood has popularized archaeology in recent movies, making it a popular college major. 
B)  archaeology is free from having to worry about the impact of its work on people. 
C)  archaeology is going through an identity crisis, with its practitioners questioning the discipline's focus on studying prehistory. 
D)  archaeologists study the culture of historical and even living peoples. 
E)  training in the use of research skills for extreme environments-such as landfills and the deep sea-are worth the time, resources, and risk for the sake of the anthropological knowledge gained. 
A)  Hollywood has popularized archaeology in recent movies, making it a popular college major. 
B)  archaeology is free from having to worry about the impact of its work on people. 
C)  archaeology is going through an identity crisis, with its practitioners questioning the discipline's focus on studying prehistory. 
D)  archaeologists study the culture of historical and even living peoples. 
E)  training in the use of research skills for extreme environments-such as landfills and the deep sea-are worth the time, resources, and risk for the sake of the anthropological knowledge gained.

Based on Franz Boas's observation that contact between neighboring tribes has existed since humanity's beginnings and covered enormous areas, it can be argued that

What is one of the most fundamental key assumptions that anthropologists share?

This chapter's description of how humans cope with low oxygen pressure in high altitudes illustrates

What is the process by which children learn a particular cultural tradition?

Primatology is a specialty within

As humans organize their lives and adapt to different environments, our abilities to learn, think symbolically, use language, and employ tools and other products

Applied anthropology

The American Anthropological Association has formally acknowledged a public service role by recognizing that anthropology has which two dimensions?

Anthropology is a science, yet it has been suggested that anthropology is among the most humanistic of all academic fields. This is because

Anthropologists' early interest in Native North Americans

A holistic and comparative perspective

Culture is not itself biological but rests on certain features of human biology.

Anthropologists agree that a comparative, cross-cultural approach is unnecessary as long as researchers are diligent in their work.

Ethnography involves the collection of data used to create an account of a particular community, society, or culture.

Ethnography is the

Which of the following statements about culture is FALSE?

What is anthropology?

What component of cultural anthropology is comparative and focused on building upon our understanding of how cultural systems work?

The presence of more efficient respiratory systems to extract oxygen from the air among human populations living at high elevations is an example of which form of adaptation?

Archaeologists studying sunken ships off the coast of Florida and analyzing the content of modern garbage are examples of how

Culture

Doing Anthropology

Evolution, Genetics, and Human Variation

The Primates

Early Hominins

The Genus Homo

The First Farmers

The First Cities and States

Language and Communication

Making a Living

Political Systems

Families, Kinship, and Marriage

Gender

Religion

Ethnicity and Race

Applying Anthropology

The World System, Colonialism, and Inequality

Anthropologys Role in a Globalizing World

Filters

Exam 1: What Is Anthropology

Based on Franz Boas's observation that contact between neighboring tribes has existed since humanity's beginnings and covered enormous areas, it can be argued that

What is one of the most fundamental key assumptions that anthropologists share?

This chapter's description of how humans cope with low oxygen pressure in high altitudes illustrates

What is the process by which children learn a particular cultural tradition?

Primatology is a specialty within

As humans organize their lives and adapt to different environments, our abilities to learn, think symbolically, use language, and employ tools and other products

Applied anthropology

The American Anthropological Association has formally acknowledged a public service role by recognizing that anthropology has which two dimensions?

Anthropology is a science, yet it has been suggested that anthropology is among the most humanistic of all academic fields. This is because

Anthropologists' early interest in Native North Americans

A holistic and comparative perspective

Culture is not itself biological but rests on certain features of human biology.

Anthropologists agree that a comparative, cross-cultural approach is unnecessary as long as researchers are diligent in their work.

Ethnography involves the collection of data used to create an account of a particular community, society, or culture.

Ethnography is the

Which of the following statements about culture is FALSE?

What is anthropology?

What component of cultural anthropology is comparative and focused on building upon our understanding of how cultural systems work?

The presence of more efficient respiratory systems to extract oxygen from the air among human populations living at high elevations is an example of which form of adaptation?

Archaeologists studying sunken ships off the coast of Florida and analyzing the content of modern garbage are examples of how

Culture

Doing Anthropology

Evolution, Genetics, and Human Variation

The Primates

Early Hominins

The Genus Homo

The First Farmers

The First Cities and States

Language and Communication

Making a Living

Political Systems

Families, Kinship, and Marriage

Gender

Religion

Ethnicity and Race

Applying Anthropology

The World System, Colonialism, and Inequality

Anthropologys Role in a Globalizing World

Filters