Question 1

Which of the following statements is true of a promoter?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is a common promoter for all genes. 
B)  It is the part of a structural gene that codes for mRNA. 
C)  It is the part of a structural gene that codes for tRNA. 
D)  The promoter for each gene is unique. 
A)  There is a common promoter for all genes. 
B)  It is the part of a structural gene that codes for mRNA. 
C)  It is the part of a structural gene that codes for tRNA. 
D)  The promoter for each gene is unique.

Question 2

Which of the following are the components of the pre-initiation complex formed during protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  GTP, a tRNA molecule, and a 30S ribosomal subunit 
B)  GTP, a tRNA molecule, and a 60S ribosomal subunit 
C)  ATP, a tRNA molecule, and a 30S ribosomal subunit 
D)  ATP, a tRNA molecule, and a 60S ribosomal subunit 
A)  GTP, a tRNA molecule, and a 30S ribosomal subunit 
B)  GTP, a tRNA molecule, and a 60S ribosomal subunit 
C)  ATP, a tRNA molecule, and a 30S ribosomal subunit 
D)  ATP, a tRNA molecule, and a 60S ribosomal subunit

Question 3

Which of the following is true of a TATA box?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a consensus sequence. 
B)  It is a response element. 
C)  It is a termination sequence. 
D)  It is a transcription factor. 
A)  It is a consensus sequence. 
B)  It is a response element. 
C)  It is a termination sequence. 
D)  It is a transcription factor.

Question 4

What happens to tRNAfMet after its fMet residue forms a peptide bond with an amino acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  It moves to the A site of the ribosomal complex. 
B)  It moves to the E site of the ribosomal complex. 
C)  It remains at the P site of the ribosomal complex. 
D)  It remains at the T site of the ribosomal complex. 
A)  It moves to the A site of the ribosomal complex. 
B)  It moves to the E site of the ribosomal complex. 
C)  It remains at the P site of the ribosomal complex. 
D)  It remains at the T site of the ribosomal complex.

Question 5

Examine the following diagram.   Which of the following numbers in the diagram represents the template strand?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4

Question 6

Which of the following types of cells are currently approved for gene therapy?

Accepted Answer

A)  gamete cells 
B)  somatic cells 
C)  both gamete and somatic cells 
D)  none of these 
A)  gamete cells 
B)  somatic cells 
C)  both gamete and somatic cells 
D)  none of these

Question 7

Which of the following results from defective genes for adenosine deaminase (ADA)?

Accepted Answer

A)  excessive dATP in tissues 
B)  excessive dCTP, dGTP, and dTTP in tissues 
C)  deficient dATP in tissues 
D)  deficient dATP and dTTP in tissues 
A)  excessive dATP in tissues 
B)  excessive dCTP, dGTP, and dTTP in tissues 
C)  deficient dATP in tissues 
D)  deficient dATP and dTTP in tissues

Question 8

Which of the following is the first step of protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  the activation of an amino acid by its reaction with ATP 
B)  the binding of an mRNA to a 30S ribosomal subunit 
C)  the formation of a peptide bond between an amino acid and a tRNA molecule 
D)  the binding of GTP to an mRNA molecule 
A)  the activation of an amino acid by its reaction with ATP 
B)  the binding of an mRNA to a 30S ribosomal subunit 
C)  the formation of a peptide bond between an amino acid and a tRNA molecule 
D)  the binding of GTP to an mRNA molecule

Question 9

Which of the following occurs after the formation of the full initiation complex?

Accepted Answer

A)  the dissociation of initiation factors and the hydrolysis of GTP 
B)  the release of initiation factors and the hydrolysis of ATP 
C)  the release of elongation factors and the hydrolysis of GTP 
D)  the dissociation of elongation factors and the hydrolysis of ATP 
A)  the dissociation of initiation factors and the hydrolysis of GTP 
B)  the release of initiation factors and the hydrolysis of ATP 
C)  the release of elongation factors and the hydrolysis of GTP 
D)  the dissociation of elongation factors and the hydrolysis of ATP

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of the fMet residue of tRNA during protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  It activates an amino acid for its binding to tRNA. 
B)  It activates aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. 
C)  It initiates protein synthesis. 
D)  It elongates the polypeptide chain during protein synthesis. 
A)  It activates an amino acid for its binding to tRNA. 
B)  It activates aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. 
C)  It initiates protein synthesis. 
D)  It elongates the polypeptide chain during protein synthesis.

Question 11

How many general transcription factors are released during elongation?

Accepted Answer

A)  zero 
B)  two 
C)  three 
D)  six 
A)  zero 
B)  two 
C)  three 
D)  six

Question 12

Which of the following statements is true of epigenetic changes?

Accepted Answer

A)  They lead to the deletion of DNA sequences. 
B)  They lead to the addition of extra nucleotides in DNA sequences. 
C)  They act as switches that turn on or turn off the expression of genes. 
D)  They cause the duplication of promoter sequences in genes. 
A)  They lead to the deletion of DNA sequences. 
B)  They lead to the addition of extra nucleotides in DNA sequences. 
C)  They act as switches that turn on or turn off the expression of genes. 
D)  They cause the duplication of promoter sequences in genes.

Question 13

Which of the following statements is true of methionine?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is the last amino acid at the C-terminus of an active protein in the body. 
B)  It is the last amino acid at the N-terminus of an active protein in the body. 
C)  It is the first amino acid that is added to the C-terminus of a new protein during protein synthesis 
D)  It is the first amino acid that is added to the N-terminus of a new protein during protein synthesis. 
A)  It is the last amino acid at the C-terminus of an active protein in the body. 
B)  It is the last amino acid at the N-terminus of an active protein in the body. 
C)  It is the first amino acid that is added to the C-terminus of a new protein during protein synthesis 
D)  It is the first amino acid that is added to the N-terminus of a new protein during protein synthesis.

Question 14

Which of the following is the mechanism of peptide bond formation during protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nucleophilic attack on the carbon of a carbonyl group by an amino group 
B)  Nucleophilic attack on the nitrogen of an amino group by the carbon of a carbonyl group 
C)  Nucleophilic attack on the nitrogen of an amino group by the oxygen of a carbonyl group 
D)  Nucleophilic attack on the oxygen of a carbonyl group by an amino group 
A)  Nucleophilic attack on the carbon of a carbonyl group by an amino group 
B)  Nucleophilic attack on the nitrogen of an amino group by the carbon of a carbonyl group 
C)  Nucleophilic attack on the nitrogen of an amino group by the oxygen of a carbonyl group 
D)  Nucleophilic attack on the oxygen of a carbonyl group by an amino group

Question 15

How many transcription factors are required for the initiation of transcription?

Accepted Answer

A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  four 
D)  six 
A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  four 
D)  six

Question 16

How many different forms of the enzyme Pol II exist?

Accepted Answer

A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  three 
D)  four 
A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  three 
D)  four

Question 17

Which of the following polymerases interact with their promoters via transcription factors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pol I 
B)  Pol II 
C)  Pol III 
D)  All of these 
A)  Pol I 
B)  Pol II 
C)  Pol III 
D)  All of these

Question 18

Which of the following results from the overexpression of p53 in animals?

Accepted Answer

A)  the acceleration of aging 
B)  an increase in the average life span 
C)  the acceleration of aging and an increase in the average life span 
D)  none of these 
A)  the acceleration of aging 
B)  an increase in the average life span 
C)  the acceleration of aging and an increase in the average life span 
D)  none of these

Question 19

Which of the following codons codes for methionine?

Accepted Answer

A)  UAA 
B)  AUG 
C)  UUG 
D)  UGA 
A)  UAA 
B)  AUG 
C)  UUG 
D)  UGA

Question 20

Which process results in the formation of multiple proteins from a single gene?

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic doubling 
B)  alternative splicing 
C)  DNA methylation 
D)  none of these 
A)  genetic doubling 
B)  alternative splicing 
C)  DNA methylation 
D)  none of these

Exam 25: Gene Expression and Protein Synthesis

Which of the following statements is true of a promoter?

Which of the following are the components of the pre-initiation complex formed during protein synthesis?

Which of the following is true of a TATA box?

What happens to tRNAfMet after its fMet residue forms a peptide bond with an amino acid?

Examine the following diagram. Which of the following numbers in the diagram represents the template strand?

Which of the following types of cells are currently approved for gene therapy?

Which of the following results from defective genes for adenosine deaminase (ADA)?

Which of the following is the first step of protein synthesis?

Which of the following occurs after the formation of the full initiation complex?

Which of the following is a function of the fMet residue of tRNA during protein synthesis?

How many general transcription factors are released during elongation?

Which of the following statements is true of epigenetic changes?

Which of the following statements is true of methionine?

Which of the following is the mechanism of peptide bond formation during protein synthesis?

How many transcription factors are required for the initiation of transcription?

How many different forms of the enzyme Pol II exist?

Which of the following polymerases interact with their promoters via transcription factors?

Which of the following results from the overexpression of p53 in animals?

Which of the following codons codes for methionine?

Which process results in the formation of multiple proteins from a single gene?

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What happens to tRNA^fMet after its fMet residue forms a peptide bond with an amino acid?