Question 1

Which of the following statements is true of transcription in eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Transcription occurs in the nucleus. 
B)  Transcription occurs in the cytoplasm. 
C)  Transcription occurs along with translation in the cytoplasm. 
D)  Transcription occurs after translation in the nucleus. 
A)  Transcription occurs in the nucleus. 
B)  Transcription occurs in the cytoplasm. 
C)  Transcription occurs along with translation in the cytoplasm. 
D)  Transcription occurs after translation in the nucleus.

Question 2

How many sticky ends will be produced if a certain restriction endonuclease cleaves a plasmid at three different sites?

Accepted Answer

A)  three 
B)  six 
C)  eight 
D)  nine 
A)  three 
B)  six 
C)  eight 
D)  nine

Question 3

Which of these is a function of the p53 protein?

Accepted Answer

A)  It arrests the cell cycle in cells with damaged DNA. 
B)  It scavenges improperly folded proteins. 
C)  It increases the expression of tumor-causing genes. 
D)  It decreases the expression of tumor suppressor genes. 
A)  It arrests the cell cycle in cells with damaged DNA. 
B)  It scavenges improperly folded proteins. 
C)  It increases the expression of tumor-causing genes. 
D)  It decreases the expression of tumor suppressor genes.

Question 4

The given image of a biomolecule has three distinct loops.   Which of the following biomolecules has this structure?

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA 
B)  tRNA 
C)  rRNA 
A)  mRNA 
B)  tRNA 
C)  rRNA

Question 5

One of the codons for leucine is 5' UUA 3'. Which of the following is the anticodon for this codon?

Accepted Answer

A)  5' GCA 3' 
B)  5' UAA 3' 
C)  5' UGU 3' 
D)  5' CGU 3' 
A)  5' GCA 3' 
B)  5' UAA 3' 
C)  5' UGU 3' 
D)  5' CGU 3'

Question 6

What are the sizes of the ribosomal subunits in prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)  30S and 50S 
B)  30S and 60S 
C)  40S and 60S 
D)  40S and 50S 
A)  30S and 50S 
B)  30S and 60S 
C)  40S and 60S 
D)  40S and 50S

Question 7

How many general transcription factors are there?

Accepted Answer

A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  four 
D)  six 
A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  four 
D)  six

Question 8

One of the codons for threonine is 5' ACG 3'. Which of the following is the anticodon for this codon?

Accepted Answer

A)  5' GCA 3' 
B)  5' ACG 3' 
C)  5' CGT 3' 
D)  5' CGU 3' 
A)  5' GCA 3' 
B)  5' ACG 3' 
C)  5' CGT 3' 
D)  5' CGU 3'

Question 9

Which of the following enzymes adds a new amino acid to the growing chain of a protein during protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase 
B)  peptidyl synthetase 
C)  peptidyl transferase 
D)  ribosomal synthetase 
A)  aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase 
B)  peptidyl synthetase 
C)  peptidyl transferase 
D)  ribosomal synthetase

Question 10

The restriction endonuclease EcoRI recognizes the sequence GAATTC and cuts it between G and A on both strands. Which of the following sticky ends will be produced when EcoRI cuts the template and complementary strands of the given nucleotide sequence?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)

Question 11

Identify the type of gene therapy in which cells with a defective gene are removed from a patient, replaced with a correct gene, and given back to the patient.

Accepted Answer

A)  in vitro gene therapy 
B)  in vivo gene therapy 
C)  ex vitro gene therapy 
D)  ex vivo gene therapy 
A)  in vitro gene therapy 
B)  in vivo gene therapy 
C)  ex vitro gene therapy 
D)  ex vivo gene therapy

Question 12

Where does translation occur in eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)  in the nucleus 
B)  in the cytoplasm 
C)  on the cell membrane 
D)  on the lysosomal membrane 
A)  in the nucleus 
B)  in the cytoplasm 
C)  on the cell membrane 
D)  on the lysosomal membrane

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of an epigenetic mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A)  the methylation of DNA 
B)  the replication of DNA 
C)  the transcription of DNA 
D)  the mutation of DNA 
A)  the methylation of DNA 
B)  the replication of DNA 
C)  the transcription of DNA 
D)  the mutation of DNA

Question 14

One of the codons for histidine is 5' CAU 3'. Which of the following is the anticodon for this codon?

Accepted Answer

A)  5 'UAC 3' 
B)  5' AUG 3' 
C)  5' AUA 3' 
D)  5' CAU 3' 
A)  5 'UAC 3' 
B)  5' AUG 3' 
C)  5' AUA 3' 
D)  5' CAU 3'

Question 15

Where does an amino acid bind on a tRNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  at the 3' end 
B)  at the 5' end 
C)  at the anticodon loop 
D)  at the methionine residue 
A)  at the 3' end 
B)  at the 5' end 
C)  at the anticodon loop 
D)  at the methionine residue

Question 16

Which of the following biomolecules are not part of post-translational control?

Accepted Answer

A)  chaperones 
B)  methionine aminopeptidases 
C)  proteasomes 
D)  peptidyl transferases 
A)  chaperones 
B)  methionine aminopeptidases 
C)  proteasomes 
D)  peptidyl transferases

Question 17

Consider the following reaction.   At which step of protein synthesis does this reaction occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  activation 
B)  initiation 
C)  elongation 
D)  translocation 
E)  termination 
A)  activation 
B)  initiation 
C)  elongation 
D)  translocation 
E)  termination

Question 18

Which of the following is an accepted designation for the strand of DNA that is transcribed into RNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  template strand 
B)  (-) strand 
C)  antisense strand 
D)  all of these 
A)  template strand 
B)  (-) strand 
C)  antisense strand 
D)  all of these

Question 19

Which of the following enzymes unwinds the double strand of a DNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  acetylase 
B)  helicase 
C)  DNA polymerase I 
D)  deacetylase 
A)  acetylase 
B)  helicase 
C)  DNA polymerase I 
D)  deacetylase

Question 20

During elongation, which type of bond is formed between complementary bases using RNA polymerase?

Accepted Answer

A)  a hydrogen bond 
B)  a phosphate ester bond 
C)  a peptide bond 
D)  none of these bonds 
A)  a hydrogen bond 
B)  a phosphate ester bond 
C)  a peptide bond 
D)  none of these bonds

Exam 25: Gene Expression and Protein Synthesis

Which of the following statements is true of transcription in eukaryotes?

How many sticky ends will be produced if a certain restriction endonuclease cleaves a plasmid at three different sites?

Which of these is a function of the p53 protein?

The given image of a biomolecule has three distinct loops. Which of the following biomolecules has this structure?

One of the codons for leucine is 5' UUA 3'. Which of the following is the anticodon for this codon?

What are the sizes of the ribosomal subunits in prokaryotes?

How many general transcription factors are there?

One of the codons for threonine is 5' ACG 3'. Which of the following is the anticodon for this codon?

Which of the following enzymes adds a new amino acid to the growing chain of a protein during protein synthesis?

The restriction endonuclease EcoRI recognizes the sequence GAATTC and cuts it between G and A on both strands. Which of the following sticky ends will be produced when EcoRI cuts the template and complementary strands of the given nucleotide sequence?

Identify the type of gene therapy in which cells with a defective gene are removed from a patient, replaced with a correct gene, and given back to the patient.

Where does translation occur in eukaryotes?

Which of the following is an example of an epigenetic mechanism?

One of the codons for histidine is 5' CAU 3'. Which of the following is the anticodon for this codon?

Where does an amino acid bind on a tRNA molecule?

Which of the following biomolecules are not part of post-translational control?

Consider the following reaction. At which step of protein synthesis does this reaction occur?

Which of the following is an accepted designation for the strand of DNA that is transcribed into RNA?

Which of the following enzymes unwinds the double strand of a DNA molecule?

During elongation, which type of bond is formed between complementary bases using RNA polymerase?

Matter, Energy, and Measurement

Atoms

Chemical Bonds

Chemical Reactions

Gases, Liquids, and Solids

Solutions and Colloids

Reaction Rates and Chemical Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

Nuclear Chemistry

Organic Chemistry

Alkanes

Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds

Alcohols, Ethers, and Thiols

Chirality: the Handedness of Molecules

Amines

Aldehydes and Ketones

Carboxylic Acids

Carboxylic Anhydrides, Esters, and Amides

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins

Enzymes

Chemical Communications: Neurotransmitters and Hormones

Nucleotides, Nucleic Acids, and Heredity

Bioenergetics: How the Body Converts Food to Energy

Specific Catabolic Pathways: Carbohydrate, Lipid, and Protein Metabolism

Biosynthetic Pathways

Nutrition

Immunochemistry

Body Fluids

Filters