Question 1

Which of the following statements is true of DNA acetylation?

Accepted Answer

A)  It switches off the expression of a gene. 
B)  It usually deletes the promoter sequence of a gene. 
C)  It switches on the expression of a gene. 
D)  It usually adds extra nucleotides to a sequence of DNA. 
A)  It switches off the expression of a gene. 
B)  It usually deletes the promoter sequence of a gene. 
C)  It switches on the expression of a gene. 
D)  It usually adds extra nucleotides to a sequence of DNA. C

Question 2

How many codons, including redundant codons, will there be if proteins involved 100 different amino acids rather than 20?

Accepted Answer

A)  4 
B)  128 
C)  256 
D)  512 
A)  4 
B)  128 
C)  256 
D)  512 C

Question 3

Which of the following RNAs is formed by the catalytic action of RNA polymerase II (Pol II)?

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA 
B)  rRNA 
C)  snRNA 
D)  tRNA 
A)  mRNA 
B)  rRNA 
C)  snRNA 
D)  tRNA A

Question 4

The size of ribosomal subunits is given in "S" units. What does "S" stand for?

Accepted Answer

A)  sense strand 
B)  structural sequence 
C)  Svedberg unit 
D)  structural unit 
A)  sense strand 
B)  structural sequence 
C)  Svedberg unit 
D)  structural unit

Question 5

A tRNA carries the anticodon 5' UAA 3'. What is its complementary codon?

Accepted Answer

A)  5' UUA 3' 
B)  5' GAA 3' 
C)  5' UAU 3' 
D)  5' AUU 3' 
A)  5' UUA 3' 
B)  5' GAA 3' 
C)  5' UAU 3' 
D)  5' AUU 3'

Question 6

Which of the following is true of apoptosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  It promotes the differentiation of stem cells. 
B)  It leads to an abnormal increase in the rate of cell division. 
C)  It contributes to the premature aging of an organism. 
D)  It leads to the death of damaged cells. 
A)  It promotes the differentiation of stem cells. 
B)  It leads to an abnormal increase in the rate of cell division. 
C)  It contributes to the premature aging of an organism. 
D)  It leads to the death of damaged cells.

Question 7

How does the protein p53 prevent abnormal cell division if DNA repair fails?

Accepted Answer

A)  It triggers the apoptosis of damaged cells. 
B)  It triggers the differentiation of injured cells. 
C)  It helps increase the concentration of DNA repair proteins. 
D)  It helps increase the transcription of DNA repair genes. 
A)  It triggers the apoptosis of damaged cells. 
B)  It triggers the differentiation of injured cells. 
C)  It helps increase the concentration of DNA repair proteins. 
D)  It helps increase the transcription of DNA repair genes.

Question 8

Which of the following biochemical compounds is involved in the termination of protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP 
B)  CTP 
C)  GTP 
D)  TTP 
A)  ATP 
B)  CTP 
C)  GTP 
D)  TTP

Question 9

Which of the following vectors is commonly used in in vivo gene therapy?

Accepted Answer

A)  the adenovirus 
B)  the Maloney murine leukemia virus 
C)  the weakened flu virus 
D)  the vaccinia virus 
A)  the adenovirus 
B)  the Maloney murine leukemia virus 
C)  the weakened flu virus 
D)  the vaccinia virus

Question 10

Which of these is a function of RNA Pol II?

Accepted Answer

A)  It catalyzes the formation of mRNAs. 
B)  It catalyzes the formation of snRNAs. 
C)  It catalyzes the methylation of its amino acid residues. 
D)  It catalyzes the methylation of 30S ribosomal subunits. 
A)  It catalyzes the formation of mRNAs. 
B)  It catalyzes the formation of snRNAs. 
C)  It catalyzes the methylation of its amino acid residues. 
D)  It catalyzes the methylation of 30S ribosomal subunits.

Question 11

Which of the following is considered the 21st amino acid because it can bond to tRNAsec during protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  citrulline 
B)  ornithine 
C)  selenocysteine 
D)  xanadine 
A)  citrulline 
B)  ornithine 
C)  selenocysteine 
D)  xanadine

Question 12

Which of the following must occur so that the pre-initiation complex can be converted to the open complex?

Accepted Answer

A)  The C terminal end of the RNA polymerase must be dephosphorylated. 
B)  The C terminal end of the RNA polymerase must be phosphorylated. 
C)  The N terminal end of the RNA polymerase must be dephosphorylated. 
D)  The N terminal end of the RNA polymerase must be phosphorylated. 
A)  The C terminal end of the RNA polymerase must be dephosphorylated. 
B)  The C terminal end of the RNA polymerase must be phosphorylated. 
C)  The N terminal end of the RNA polymerase must be dephosphorylated. 
D)  The N terminal end of the RNA polymerase must be phosphorylated.

Question 13

Which of the following RNAs is formed by the catalytic action of RNA polymerase I (Pol I)?

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA 
B)  rRNA 
C)  snRNA 
D)  tRNA 
A)  mRNA 
B)  rRNA 
C)  snRNA 
D)  tRNA

Question 14

Which of the following is a characteristic of a functional mRNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  Its 5' end has an acetylated thymine. 
B)  It lacks exons. 
C)  Its 3' end has a poly-A tail. 
D)  It contains introns. 
A)  Its 5' end has an acetylated thymine. 
B)  It lacks exons. 
C)  Its 3' end has a poly-A tail. 
D)  It contains introns.

Question 15

Which type of gene therapy involves the direct administration of viruses in patients' tissues?

Accepted Answer

A)  in vitro gene therapy 
B)  in vivo gene therapy 
C)  ex vitro gene therapy 
D)  ex vivo gene therapy 
A)  in vitro gene therapy 
B)  in vivo gene therapy 
C)  ex vitro gene therapy 
D)  ex vivo gene therapy

Question 16

How many general transcription factors remain bound to the TATA box during elongation?

Accepted Answer

A)  zero 
B)  one 
C)  two 
D)  three 
A)  zero 
B)  one 
C)  two 
D)  three

Question 17

Which portion of a eukaryotic gene carries information that is transcribed to RNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  the termination sequence 
B)  the consensus sequence 
C)  the initiator portion 
D)  the structural gene 
A)  the termination sequence 
B)  the consensus sequence 
C)  the initiator portion 
D)  the structural gene

Question 18

Which of the following statements is true of the relationship between the bases of an mRNA codon and a tRNA anticodon?

Accepted Answer

A)  They have complementary base sequences. 
B)  They have identical base sequences. 
C)  They have methylated base sequences. 
D)  They have acetylated base sequences. 
A)  They have complementary base sequences. 
B)  They have identical base sequences. 
C)  They have methylated base sequences. 
D)  They have acetylated base sequences.

Question 19

Which of the following residues is carried by tRNA during the formation of the pre-initiation complex?

Accepted Answer

A)  formylarginine 
B)  formylalanine 
C)  formylmethionine 
D)  formylvaline 
A)  formylarginine 
B)  formylalanine 
C)  formylmethionine 
D)  formylvaline

Question 20

Which of the following statements is true of retroviruses?

Accepted Answer

A)  They use reverse transcriptase to synthesize DNA. 
B)  They use RNA synthetase to replicate their own RNA. 
C)  They use reverse transcriptase to synthesize DNA and they use RNA synthetase to replicate their own RNA 
D)  None of these 
A)  They use reverse transcriptase to synthesize DNA. 
B)  They use RNA synthetase to replicate their own RNA. 
C)  They use reverse transcriptase to synthesize DNA and they use RNA synthetase to replicate their own RNA 
D)  None of these

Exam 25: Gene Expression and Protein Synthesis

Which of the following statements is true of DNA acetylation?

How many codons, including redundant codons, will there be if proteins involved 100 different amino acids rather than 20?

Which of the following RNAs is formed by the catalytic action of RNA polymerase II (Pol II)?

The size of ribosomal subunits is given in "S" units. What does "S" stand for?

A tRNA carries the anticodon 5' UAA 3'. What is its complementary codon?

Which of the following is true of apoptosis?

How does the protein p53 prevent abnormal cell division if DNA repair fails?

Which of the following biochemical compounds is involved in the termination of protein synthesis?

Which of the following vectors is commonly used in in vivo gene therapy?

Which of these is a function of RNA Pol II?

Which of the following is considered the 21st amino acid because it can bond to tRNAsec during protein synthesis?

Which of the following must occur so that the pre-initiation complex can be converted to the open complex?

Which of the following RNAs is formed by the catalytic action of RNA polymerase I (Pol I)?

Which of the following is a characteristic of a functional mRNA molecule?

Which type of gene therapy involves the direct administration of viruses in patients' tissues?

How many general transcription factors remain bound to the TATA box during elongation?

Which portion of a eukaryotic gene carries information that is transcribed to RNA?

Which of the following statements is true of the relationship between the bases of an mRNA codon and a tRNA anticodon?

Which of the following residues is carried by tRNA during the formation of the pre-initiation complex?

Which of the following statements is true of retroviruses?

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Which of the following is considered the 21st amino acid because it can bond to tRNA^sec during protein synthesis?