Question 1

Which of the following amino acids is coded by only one codon?

Accepted Answer

A)  glycine 
B)  phenylalanine 
C)  proline 
D)  tryptophan 
A)  glycine 
B)  phenylalanine 
C)  proline 
D)  tryptophan

Question 2

Where does transcription occur in eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)  in the nucleus 
B)  in the cytoplasm 
C)  on the cell membrane 
D)  on the lysosomal membrane 
A)  in the nucleus 
B)  in the cytoplasm 
C)  on the cell membrane 
D)  on the lysosomal membrane

Question 3

Which of the following is a function of Pol III?

Accepted Answer

A)  It catalyzes the formation of mRNA. 
B)  It catalyzes the formation of tRNA. 
C)  It catalyzes the acetylation of snRNA. 
D)  It catalyzes the methylation of rRNA. 
A)  It catalyzes the formation of mRNA. 
B)  It catalyzes the formation of tRNA. 
C)  It catalyzes the acetylation of snRNA. 
D)  It catalyzes the methylation of rRNA.

Question 4

The given diagram represents a generalized reaction between an amino acid-AMP complex and a tRNA molecule.   ​ Which of the following statements is true if the -R group is a hydrogen atom (-H) in one reaction and a methyl group (-CH3) in another reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both the reactions will have a common enzyme; however, they will have different tRNA molecules. 
B)  Both the reactions will have a common tRNA molecule; however, they will use different enzymes. 
C)  Both the reactions will have a common tRNA molecule as well as a common enzyme. 
D)  Both the reactions will have different enzymes as well as different tRNA molecules. 
A)  Both the reactions will have a common enzyme; however, they will have different tRNA molecules. 
B)  Both the reactions will have a common tRNA molecule; however, they will use different enzymes. 
C)  Both the reactions will have a common tRNA molecule as well as a common enzyme. 
D)  Both the reactions will have different enzymes as well as different tRNA molecules.

Question 5

Which of the following codons terminates protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  UUA 
B)  AUG 
C)  CUA 
D)  UAA 
A)  UUA 
B)  AUG 
C)  CUA 
D)  UAA

Question 6

Which of the following statements is true of the structure of tRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  The 5' end of the tRNA is single-stranded, and it carries the amino acid. 
B)  The 3' end of the tRNA is single-stranded, and it carries the amino acid. 
C)  The 3' end of the tRNA molecule carries the anticodon recognition site. 
D)  The 5' end of the tRNA molecule carries the anticodon recognition site. 
A)  The 5' end of the tRNA is single-stranded, and it carries the amino acid. 
B)  The 3' end of the tRNA is single-stranded, and it carries the amino acid. 
C)  The 3' end of the tRNA molecule carries the anticodon recognition site. 
D)  The 5' end of the tRNA molecule carries the anticodon recognition site.

Question 7

Which of the following bases will be added to the growing mRNA if the base on the DNA template is adenine?

Accepted Answer

A)  cytosine 
B)  guanine 
C)  thymine 
D)  uracil 
A)  cytosine 
B)  guanine 
C)  thymine 
D)  uracil

Question 8

During protein synthesis, which ribosomal site accepts an aminoacyl-tRNA molecule bound to an amino acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  the A site of the ribosomal complex 
B)  the E site of the ribosomal complex 
C)  the P site of the ribosomal complex 
D)  the S site of the ribosomal complex 
A)  the A site of the ribosomal complex 
B)  the E site of the ribosomal complex 
C)  the P site of the ribosomal complex 
D)  the S site of the ribosomal complex

Question 9

Which of the following is the consensus base sequence of a TATA box?

Accepted Answer

A)  TATA 
B)  TATATA 
C)  TATAAT 
D)  TTAATTAA 
A)  TATA 
B)  TATATA 
C)  TATAAT 
D)  TTAATTAA

Question 10

Which of the following biochemical compounds is involved in the formation of the pre-initiation complex?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP 
B)  CTP 
C)  GTP 
D)  UTP 
A)  ATP 
B)  CTP 
C)  GTP 
D)  UTP

Question 11

Which of the following scientists is most closely associated with deciphering the genetic code?

Accepted Answer

A)  O. Avery 
B)  E. Chargaff 
C)  M. Nirenberg 
D)  J. Watson 
A)  O. Avery 
B)  E. Chargaff 
C)  M. Nirenberg 
D)  J. Watson

Question 12

Where is the anticodon located on a tRNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  at the 3' end of the tRNA molecule 
B)  at the 5' end of the tRNA molecule 
C)  in a loop opposite to both the terminals of the tRNA molecule 
D)  in a loop near the 3' end of the tRNA molecule 
A)  at the 3' end of the tRNA molecule 
B)  at the 5' end of the tRNA molecule 
C)  in a loop opposite to both the terminals of the tRNA molecule 
D)  in a loop near the 3' end of the tRNA molecule

Question 13

What does 53 represent in the term p53?

Accepted Answer

A)  It represents the centrifugation density of p53. 
B)  It represents the number of cells that express p53. 
C)  It represents the molar mass of p53. 
D)  None of these are correct. 
A)  It represents the centrifugation density of p53. 
B)  It represents the number of cells that express p53. 
C)  It represents the molar mass of p53. 
D)  None of these are correct.

Question 14

Which of the following influence the action of response elements?

Accepted Answer

A)  external stimuli 
B)  internal stimuli 
C)  the phases of a cell's life cycle 
D)  all of these 
A)  external stimuli 
B)  internal stimuli 
C)  the phases of a cell's life cycle 
D)  all of these

Question 15

Examine the following diagram.   Which of the following numbers in the diagram represents a helicase?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4

Question 16

One of the codons for glycine is 5' GGU 3'. Which of the following is the anticodon for this codon?

Accepted Answer

A)  5' ACC 3' 
B)  5' UAA 3' 
C)  5' CCU 3' 
D)  5' CCA 3' 
A)  5' ACC 3' 
B)  5' UAA 3' 
C)  5' CCU 3' 
D)  5' CCA 3'

Question 17

Which of the following statements is true of prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Transcription occurs in the nucleus. 
B)  Translation mostly occurs in the nucleus. 
C)  Transcription occurs along with translation in the cytoplasm. 
D)  Translation occurs before transcription in the cytoplasm. 
A)  Transcription occurs in the nucleus. 
B)  Translation mostly occurs in the nucleus. 
C)  Transcription occurs along with translation in the cytoplasm. 
D)  Translation occurs before transcription in the cytoplasm.

Question 18

Examine the following diagram.   Which of the following numbers in the diagram represents the coding strand?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4

Question 19

Which of the following statements is true of response elements?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are enhancers that help in cell signaling by responding to external stimuli. 
B)  They are methyl proteins that methylate amino acids in a DNA sequence. 
C)  They are acetyl groups that acetylate cytosine residues in the DNA. 
D)  They are proteins that help in the proper folding of newly synthesized polypeptide chains. 
A)  They are enhancers that help in cell signaling by responding to external stimuli. 
B)  They are methyl proteins that methylate amino acids in a DNA sequence. 
C)  They are acetyl groups that acetylate cytosine residues in the DNA. 
D)  They are proteins that help in the proper folding of newly synthesized polypeptide chains.

Question 20

How many different codons are there?

Accepted Answer

A)  3 
B)  20 
C)  64 
D)  256 
A)  3 
B)  20 
C)  64 
D)  256

Exam 25: Gene Expression and Protein Synthesis

Which of the following amino acids is coded by only one codon?

Where does transcription occur in eukaryotes?

Which of the following is a function of Pol III?

The given diagram represents a generalized reaction between an amino acid-AMP complex and a tRNA molecule. ​ Which of the following statements is true if the -R group is a hydrogen atom (-H) in one reaction and a methyl group (-CH3) in another reaction?

Which of the following codons terminates protein synthesis?

Which of the following statements is true of the structure of tRNA?

Which of the following bases will be added to the growing mRNA if the base on the DNA template is adenine?

During protein synthesis, which ribosomal site accepts an aminoacyl-tRNA molecule bound to an amino acid?

Which of the following is the consensus base sequence of a TATA box?

Which of the following biochemical compounds is involved in the formation of the pre-initiation complex?

Which of the following scientists is most closely associated with deciphering the genetic code?

Where is the anticodon located on a tRNA molecule?

What does 53 represent in the term p53?

Which of the following influence the action of response elements?

Examine the following diagram. Which of the following numbers in the diagram represents a helicase?

One of the codons for glycine is 5' GGU 3'. Which of the following is the anticodon for this codon?

Which of the following statements is true of prokaryotes?

Examine the following diagram. Which of the following numbers in the diagram represents the coding strand?

Which of the following statements is true of response elements?

How many different codons are there?

Matter, Energy, and Measurement

Atoms

Chemical Bonds

Chemical Reactions

Gases, Liquids, and Solids

Solutions and Colloids

Reaction Rates and Chemical Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

Nuclear Chemistry

Organic Chemistry

Alkanes

Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds

Alcohols, Ethers, and Thiols

Chirality: the Handedness of Molecules

Amines

Aldehydes and Ketones

Carboxylic Acids

Carboxylic Anhydrides, Esters, and Amides

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins

Enzymes

Chemical Communications: Neurotransmitters and Hormones

Nucleotides, Nucleic Acids, and Heredity

Bioenergetics: How the Body Converts Food to Energy

Specific Catabolic Pathways: Carbohydrate, Lipid, and Protein Metabolism

Biosynthetic Pathways

Nutrition

Immunochemistry

Body Fluids

Filters

The given diagram represents a generalized reaction between an amino acid-AMP complex and a tRNA molecule. Which of the following statements is true if the -R group is a hydrogen atom (-H) in one reaction and a methyl group (-CH₃) in another reaction?