Question 1

How many fundamental types of transcription factors are there?

Accepted Answer

A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  four 
D)  six 
A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  four 
D)  six

Question 2

Which of the following is referred to as the "second genetic code"?

Accepted Answer

A)  the ability of the codon and anticodon to recognize each other 
B)  the ability of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase to pair an amino acid with its corresponding tRNA 
C)  the ability of an enhancer molecule to recognize its specific substrate 
D)  the ability of RNA polymerase I to recognize its binding site in mRNA 
A)  the ability of the codon and anticodon to recognize each other 
B)  the ability of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase to pair an amino acid with its corresponding tRNA 
C)  the ability of an enhancer molecule to recognize its specific substrate 
D)  the ability of RNA polymerase I to recognize its binding site in mRNA

Question 3

Which of the following statements is true of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is a single aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase for all the amino acids. 
B)  There are four different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, one for each different type of amino acid side chain 
C)  There are different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase for each amino acid. 
D)  None of these are correct. 
A)  There is a single aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase for all the amino acids. 
B)  There are four different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, one for each different type of amino acid side chain 
C)  There are different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase for each amino acid. 
D)  None of these are correct.

Question 4

Which of the following codons initiates protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  UGA 
B)  AUG 
C)  UAG 
D)  UAA 
A)  UGA 
B)  AUG 
C)  UAG 
D)  UAA

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true of a plasmid?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a circular loop of a double-stranded DNA. 
B)  It is a left-handed double helix of DNA. 
C)  It is a single-stranded DNA molecule. 
D)  None of these are correct. 
A)  It is a circular loop of a double-stranded DNA. 
B)  It is a left-handed double helix of DNA. 
C)  It is a single-stranded DNA molecule. 
D)  None of these are correct.

Question 6

Which of the following terms refers to a sequence of three nucleotide bases on an mRNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  anticodon 
B)  codon 
C)  enhancer 
D)  chaperone 
A)  anticodon 
B)  codon 
C)  enhancer 
D)  chaperone

Question 7

Which of the following types of gene therapy is used to treat cystic fibrosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  in vitro gene therapy 
B)  in vivo gene therapy 
C)  ex vitro gene therapy 
D)  ex vivo gene therapy 
A)  in vitro gene therapy 
B)  in vivo gene therapy 
C)  ex vitro gene therapy 
D)  ex vivo gene therapy

Question 8

Which of the following is not involved in the binding of transcription factors to their gene control sequences?

Accepted Answer

A)  covalent bonding 
B)  hydrogen bonding 
C)  nonspecific ionic interactions 
D)  none of these 
A)  covalent bonding 
B)  hydrogen bonding 
C)  nonspecific ionic interactions 
D)  none of these

Question 9

How many sites are present within the full ribosomal complex?

Accepted Answer

A)  five 
B)  two 
C)  three 
D)  four 
A)  five 
B)  two 
C)  three 
D)  four

Question 10

Which of the following processes involves the enzyme aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA replication 
B)  translation 
C)  transcription 
D)  all of these 
A)  DNA replication 
B)  translation 
C)  transcription 
D)  all of these

Question 11

Which pair of ribosomal subunits is found in eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)  30S and 50S 
B)  30S and 60S 
C)  40S and 60S 
D)  40S and 50S 
A)  30S and 50S 
B)  30S and 60S 
C)  40S and 60S 
D)  40S and 50S

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of proteasomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  They ubiquitinate a misfolded protein and lead to its degradation. 
B)  They methylate a misfolded protein and lead to its degradation. 
C)  They activate a chaperone for the proper folding of a protein. 
D)  They activate tRNA molecules by adding methionine residues to their 3' termini. 
A)  They ubiquitinate a misfolded protein and lead to its degradation. 
B)  They methylate a misfolded protein and lead to its degradation. 
C)  They activate a chaperone for the proper folding of a protein. 
D)  They activate tRNA molecules by adding methionine residues to their 3' termini.

Question 13

Which of the following biomolecules is found in excess in patients with severe combined immune deficiency?

Accepted Answer

A)  dATP 
B)  tRNA 
C)  dGTP 
D)  rRNA 
A)  dATP 
B)  tRNA 
C)  dGTP 
D)  rRNA

Question 14

How does an enhancer stimulate transcription?

Accepted Answer

A)  by adding more nucleotides to the transcription site 
B)  by binding to tRNA molecules to increase their activity 
C)  by forming a complex with transcription factors and RNA polymerase near the promoter 
D)  by none of these methods 
A)  by adding more nucleotides to the transcription site 
B)  by binding to tRNA molecules to increase their activity 
C)  by forming a complex with transcription factors and RNA polymerase near the promoter 
D)  by none of these methods

Question 15

Which of the following molecular components are required for the binding of tRNA to the A site?

Accepted Answer

A)  elongation factors and GTP 
B)  initiation factors and ATP 
C)  transcription factors and ATP 
D)  termination factors and GTP 
A)  elongation factors and GTP 
B)  initiation factors and ATP 
C)  transcription factors and ATP 
D)  termination factors and GTP

Question 16

Examine the following diagram.   Which of the following processes does the diagram represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA replication 
B)  transcription 
C)  translation 
A)  DNA replication 
B)  transcription 
C)  translation

Question 17

What is the size of the full prokaryotic ribosomal complex?

Accepted Answer

A)  30S 
B)  50S 
C)  70S 
D)  80S 
A)  30S 
B)  50S 
C)  70S 
D)  80S

Question 18

How is an amino acid transported by its tRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is bound to the 3' end of the tRNA. 
B)  It is bound to the 5' end of the tRNA. 
C)  It is bound to either the 3' or the 5' end. 
D)  It is enveloped by the tRNA. 
A)  It is bound to the 3' end of the tRNA. 
B)  It is bound to the 5' end of the tRNA. 
C)  It is bound to either the 3' or the 5' end. 
D)  It is enveloped by the tRNA.

Question 19

Which of the following statements is true of transcription?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both the strands of DNA serve as templates for mRNA synthesis. 
B)  The antisense strand of DNA alone serves as a template for mRNA synthesis. 
C)  The sense strand of DNA alone serves as a template for mRNA synthesis. 
D)  The 3' ends of both strands serve as templates for mRNA synthesis. 
A)  Both the strands of DNA serve as templates for mRNA synthesis. 
B)  The antisense strand of DNA alone serves as a template for mRNA synthesis. 
C)  The sense strand of DNA alone serves as a template for mRNA synthesis. 
D)  The 3' ends of both strands serve as templates for mRNA synthesis.

Question 20

Which of the following amino acids are found at the C-terminal domain of Pol II?

Accepted Answer

A)  alanine and serine 
B)  alanine and glycine 
C)  glycine and threonine 
D)  serine and threonine 
A)  alanine and serine 
B)  alanine and glycine 
C)  glycine and threonine 
D)  serine and threonine

Exam 25: Gene Expression and Protein Synthesis

How many fundamental types of transcription factors are there?

Which of the following is referred to as the "second genetic code"?

Which of the following statements is true of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase?

Which of the following codons initiates protein synthesis?

Which of the following statements is true of a plasmid?

Which of the following terms refers to a sequence of three nucleotide bases on an mRNA molecule?

Which of the following types of gene therapy is used to treat cystic fibrosis?

Which of the following is not involved in the binding of transcription factors to their gene control sequences?

How many sites are present within the full ribosomal complex?

Which of the following processes involves the enzyme aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase?

Which pair of ribosomal subunits is found in eukaryotes?

Which of the following is a function of proteasomes?

Which of the following biomolecules is found in excess in patients with severe combined immune deficiency?

How does an enhancer stimulate transcription?

Which of the following molecular components are required for the binding of tRNA to the A site?

Examine the following diagram. Which of the following processes does the diagram represent?

What is the size of the full prokaryotic ribosomal complex?

How is an amino acid transported by its tRNA?

Which of the following statements is true of transcription?

Which of the following amino acids are found at the C-terminal domain of Pol II?

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