Question 1

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
-Francis Parkman

Accepted Answer

Francis Parkman (1823–1893) was an American historian and writer who is best known for his works on the history of the North American frontier and the early United States. His most significant contribution to American historiography is his monumental series "France and England in North America," which consists of several volumes written over many years.

Parkman's historical significance lies in several key areas:

1. **Pioneering Research Methods**: Parkman was one of the first historians to practice rigorous historical research methods. He traveled extensively, visiting many of the sites he wrote about, and he consulted a wide range of sources, including original documents, archives, and oral histories from Native Americans. His dedication to primary source research set a new standard for historical scholarship.

2. **Vivid Narrative Style**: Unlike many of his contemporaries, Parkman wrote history with a narrative flair that made his works accessible and engaging to a broad audience. His storytelling ability helped to popularize history among the general public and influenced the way history was written, moving it away from dry recitations of facts to more lively and descriptive accounts.

3. **Focus on the Frontier**: Parkman's work focused on the struggle between France and England for control of North America, the impact of European colonization on Native American peoples, and the westward expansion of the United States. His attention to these themes anticipated the later work of Frederick Jackson Turner, who famously argued that the American frontier was central to shaping the national character.

4. **Depiction of Native Americans**: Although Parkman's portrayal of Native Americans was colored by the biases of his time, he was one of the first historians to attempt to understand and describe the complexity of Native American societies and their role in the history of the continent. His work contributed to a more nuanced view of Native American history, even if it was not free from the prejudices of the 19th century.

5. **Influence on Historiography**: Parkman's works have had a lasting impact on the field of American historiography. His emphasis on a continental approach to North American history, his narrative style, and his methodological innovations influenced generations of historians.

Some of Parkman's most notable works include "The Oregon Trail" (1849), which recounts his experiences on a two-month excursion during the summer of 1846, and the multi-volume series "France and England in North America," which includes titles such as "The Pioneers of France in the New World" (1865), "The Jesuits in North America in the Seventeenth Century" (1867), and "Montcalm and Wolfe" (1884).

In summary, Francis Parkman is historically significant for his pioneering research methods, his narrative style of writing history, his focus on the North American frontier and its impact on American identity, his early attempts to portray Native American societies, and his lasting influence on the field of American historiography.

Question 2

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
-Mormons

Accepted Answer

The Mormons, officially known as members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), are a religious group that originated in the United States during the early 19th century. The historical significance of the Mormons can be identified in several key areas:

**Founding and Persecution:**
The LDS Church was founded by Joseph Smith in 1830 in upstate New York. Smith claimed to have been visited by God the Father and Jesus Christ and later by an angel named Moroni, who directed him to a set of golden plates that he translated into the Book of Mormon. The church faced intense persecution due to its unorthodox practices, such as polygamy, and its members' tendency to vote as a bloc, which threatened local political balances.

**Migration and Settlement:**
Due to ongoing persecution, the Mormons undertook a significant migration westward, led by Brigham Young after the death of Joseph Smith, who was murdered by a mob in 1844. This migration culminated in the establishment of Salt Lake City in the Utah Territory in 1847, where the Mormons could practice their religion freely. The settlement of the Utah Territory by the Mormons was a significant event in the westward expansion of the United States.

**Economic and Social Contributions:**
The Mormons were instrumental in the development of the American West. They established efficient agricultural practices, built cities, and engaged in trade. Their practice of irrigation and communal living helped to make the arid Utah region productive. They also constructed the Salt Lake Temple, which remains a central symbol of the faith.

**Polygamy and Legal Conflicts:**
One of the most controversial aspects of early Mormonism was the practice of polygamy, which led to significant legal conflicts with the United States government. The church officially renounced polygamy in 1890, which was a key step toward Utah's acceptance as a state in 1896.

**Modern Influence:**
Today, the LDS Church is a global religion with millions of members worldwide. It has a strong organizational structure and is known for its emphasis on family, community service, missionary work, and humanitarian aid. The church's welfare system and disaster relief efforts are widely respected.

**Cultural Impact:**
Mormons have had a significant cultural impact, including contributions to music, literature, business, and politics. Prominent Mormons have served in various public offices, including Mitt Romney, who was the Republican nominee for President of the United States in 2012.

In summary, the historical significance of the Mormons lies in their founding under unique religious circumstances, their role in the westward expansion of the United States, their social and economic contributions, their complex relationship with American law and society, and their ongoing influence in various spheres of life both in the United States and around the world.

Question 3

The text's authors contend that early-nineteenth-century Americans "were more interested in practical gadgets than in pure science," and it is widely believed that Americans have always had a love affair with technology. What political, economic, and social factors would account for this asserted long-standing American love affair with technology?

Accepted Answer

There are several political, economic, and social factors that could account for the long-standing American love affair with technology.

Politically, the United States has a history of promoting innovation and technological advancement through government policies and funding. This can be seen in initiatives such as the space race, the development of the internet, and various research and development programs. The government's support for technological progress has likely contributed to a culture that values and embraces new technologies.

Economically, the United States has been a leader in technological innovation, which has driven economic growth and prosperity. The country's capitalist system rewards innovation and entrepreneurship, leading to a strong emphasis on technological development and adoption. Additionally, the widespread availability of consumer goods and the constant push for newer, better products have likely contributed to the American love affair with technology.

Socially, American culture has often celebrated the idea of progress and improvement, and technology is seen as a means to achieve these goals. The media and popular culture often portray technology as exciting and transformative, further fueling the public's fascination with new gadgets and advancements. Additionally, the emphasis on individualism and self-improvement in American society may also contribute to the desire for the latest and greatest technologies.

Overall, the combination of political support for innovation, economic incentives for technological advancement, and a social culture that values progress and individualism likely accounts for the long-standing American love affair with technology.

Question 4

One strong prejudice inhibiting women from obtaining higher education in the early nineteenth century was the belief that

Accepted Answer

A) they would gain political and economic power through education. 
B) women were inherently conservative and opposed to social reform. 
C) children should grow up without the influence of educated women. 
D) the Constitution prohibited women from attending colleges. 
E) too much learning would injure women's brains, ruin their health, and make them unfit for marriage. 
A) they would gain political and economic power through education. 
B) women were inherently conservative and opposed to social reform. 
C) children should grow up without the influence of educated women. 
D) the Constitution prohibited women from attending colleges. 
E) too much learning would injure women's brains, ruin their health, and make them unfit for marriage.

Question 5

In the first half of the nineteenth century, tax-supported schools were

Accepted Answer

A) chiefly available to educate the children of the poor and European immigrants. 
B) most in evidence in the South. 
C) uniformly and consistently opposed by upper-class white Protestant Americans. 
D) open only to tuition-paying children of the well-to-do. 
E) more academically demanding than private academies. 
A) chiefly available to educate the children of the poor and European immigrants. 
B) most in evidence in the South. 
C) uniformly and consistently opposed by upper-class white Protestant Americans. 
D) open only to tuition-paying children of the well-to-do. 
E) more academically demanding than private academies.

Question 6

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
-John J. Audubon

Accepted Answer

John J. Audubon was a renowned ornitholo

Question 7

A third revolution accompanied the reformation of American politics and the transformation of the American economy in the mid-nineteenth century that contained all of the following characteristics except

Accepted Answer

A) improved the character of ordinary Americans. 
B) made Americans more upstanding and God-fearing. 
C) focused on preserving the traditions of the founders. 
D) made Americans more literate and educated. 
E) poured their energies into religious revivals and reform movements. 
A) improved the character of ordinary Americans. 
B) made Americans more upstanding and God-fearing. 
C) focused on preserving the traditions of the founders. 
D) made Americans more literate and educated. 
E) poured their energies into religious revivals and reform movements.

Question 8

Those seeking to reform women's style of dress in the 1840s claimed all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) corsets constricted women's vital organs. 
B) voluminous skirts unfairly restricted women's mobility. 
C) that bloomer-style trousers were necessary to prevent a woman's sexuality from becoming unhinged leading to immoral actions with a man who was not her husband. 
D) that simpler clothing styles would serve as a rejection of the artificial desires created by industrialization. 
E) that bloomer-style trousers were a more rational form of dress. 
A) corsets constricted women's vital organs. 
B) voluminous skirts unfairly restricted women's mobility. 
C) that bloomer-style trousers were necessary to prevent a woman's sexuality from becoming unhinged leading to immoral actions with a man who was not her husband. 
D) that simpler clothing styles would serve as a rejection of the artificial desires created by industrialization. 
E) that bloomer-style trousers were a more rational form of dress.

Question 9

The text's authors label Poe, Hawthorne, and Melville "literary individualists and dissenters." Against what were they dissenting? Why?

Accepted Answer

Poe, Hawthorne, and Melville were dissen

Question 10

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
-​New Harmony

Accepted Answer

New Harmony is a small town on the Wabas

Question 11

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
-Millerites

Accepted Answer

The Millerites were a religious movement

Question 12

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
-​Federal Style of architecture

Accepted Answer

The Federal Style of architecture is a t

Question 13

​Each of the following multiple choice questions has multiple correct responses. Select the correct responses for each of the following questions.
-In early-nineteenth-century America,

Accepted Answer

A) the lines between male and female roles in society were becoming substantially blurred and evolving quickly. 
B) women could not vote. 
C) married women could not retain ownership of their property. 
D) women were growing less aware of themselves as individuals and as one another's sisters. 
E) millions of women turned away from organized religion because of its patriarchal elements. 
A) the lines between male and female roles in society were becoming substantially blurred and evolving quickly. 
B) women could not vote. 
C) married women could not retain ownership of their property. 
D) women were growing less aware of themselves as individuals and as one another's sisters. 
E) millions of women turned away from organized religion because of its patriarchal elements.

Question 14

The American medical profession by 1860 was noted for

Accepted Answer

A) its still primitive standards. 
B) having abandoned the practice of bleeding. 
C) its discovery of germs as the cause of illness. 
D) pioneer work in dentistry. 
E) its well established medical schools. 
A) its still primitive standards. 
B) having abandoned the practice of bleeding. 
C) its discovery of germs as the cause of illness. 
D) pioneer work in dentistry. 
E) its well established medical schools.

Question 15

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
-Knickerbocker Group

Accepted Answer

The Knickerbocker Group refers to a circ

Question 16

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
-"Declaration of Sentiments"

Accepted Answer

The "Declaration of Sentiments" is a fou

Question 17

The Second Great Awakening tended to

Accepted Answer

A) widen the lines between classes and regions. 
B) open Episcopalian and Presbyterian churches to the poor. 
C) unite southern Baptists and southern Methodists against slavery. 
D) bring the more prosperous and conservative eastern churches into the revivalist camps. 
E) increase the influence of educated clergy. 
A) widen the lines between classes and regions. 
B) open Episcopalian and Presbyterian churches to the poor. 
C) unite southern Baptists and southern Methodists against slavery. 
D) bring the more prosperous and conservative eastern churches into the revivalist camps. 
E) increase the influence of educated clergy.

Question 18

The Deist faith embraced all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) the concept of original sin. 
B) the reliance on reason rather than revolution. 
C) belief in a Supreme Being. 
D) belief in human beings' capacity for moral behavior. 
E) denial of the divinity of Christ. 
A) the concept of original sin. 
B) the reliance on reason rather than revolution. 
C) belief in a Supreme Being. 
D) belief in human beings' capacity for moral behavior. 
E) denial of the divinity of Christ.

Question 19

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
-Nathaniel Hawthorne

Accepted Answer

Nathaniel Hawthorne was an American nove

Question 20

Many of the denominational liberal arts colleges founded as a result of the Second Great Awakening

Accepted Answer

A) were academically distinguished institutions. 
B) lacked much intellectual vitality. 
C) eventually gained tax-supported status. 
D) offered a new, nontraditional curriculum. 
E) opened their doors to Catholic students. 
A) were academically distinguished institutions. 
B) lacked much intellectual vitality. 
C) eventually gained tax-supported status. 
D) offered a new, nontraditional curriculum. 
E) opened their doors to Catholic students.

Exam 15: The Ferment of Reform and Culture, 1790-1860

Identify and state the historical significance of the following: -Francis Parkman

Identify and state the historical significance of the following: -Mormons

One strong prejudice inhibiting women from obtaining higher education in the early nineteenth century was the belief that

In the first half of the nineteenth century, tax-supported schools were

Identify and state the historical significance of the following: -John J. Audubon

A third revolution accompanied the reformation of American politics and the transformation of the American economy in the mid-nineteenth century that contained all of the following characteristics except

Those seeking to reform women's style of dress in the 1840s claimed all of the following except

The text's authors label Poe, Hawthorne, and Melville "literary individualists and dissenters." Against what were they dissenting? Why?

Identify and state the historical significance of the following: -​New Harmony

Identify and state the historical significance of the following: -Millerites

Identify and state the historical significance of the following: -​Federal Style of architecture

​Each of the following multiple choice questions has multiple correct responses. Select the correct responses for each of the following questions. -In early-nineteenth-century America,

The American medical profession by 1860 was noted for

Identify and state the historical significance of the following: -Knickerbocker Group

Identify and state the historical significance of the following: -"Declaration of Sentiments"

The Second Great Awakening tended to

The Deist faith embraced all of the following except

Identify and state the historical significance of the following: -Nathaniel Hawthorne

Many of the denominational liberal arts colleges founded as a result of the Second Great Awakening

New World Beginnings, 33,000 Bce-1769 Ce

The Planting of English America, 1500-1733

Settling the Northern Colonies, 1619-1700

American Life in the Seventeenth Century, 1607-1692

Colonial Society on the Eve of Revolution, 1700-1775

The Duel for North America, 1608-1763

The Road to Revolution, 1763-1775

America Secedes From the Empire, 1775-1783

The Confederation and the Constitution, 1776-1790

Launching the New Ship of State, 1789-1800

The Triumphs and Travails of the Jeffersonian Republic, 1800-1812

The Second War for Independence and the Upsurge of Nationalism, 1812-1824

The Rise of a Mass Democracy, 1824-1840

Forging the National Economy, 1790-1860

The South and the Slavery Controversy, 1793-1860

Manifest Destiny and Its Legacy, 1841-1848

Renewing the Sectional Struggle, 1848-1854

Drifting Toward Disunion, 1854-1861

Girding for War: the North and the South, 1861-1865

The Furnace of Civil War, 1861-1865

The Ordeal of Reconstruction, 1865-1877

Political Paralysis in the Gilded Age, 1869-1896

Industry Comes of Age, 1865-1900

America Moves to the City, 1865-1900

The Great West and the Agricultural Revolution, 1865-1896

Empire and Expansion, 1890-1909

Progressivism and the Republican Roosevelt, 1901-1912

Wilsonian Progressivism in Peace and War, 1913-1920

American Life in the Roaring Twenties 1920-1929

The Politics of Boom and Bust 1920-1932

The Great Depression and the New Deal 1933-1939

Franklin D Roosevelt and the Shadow of War 1933-1941

America in World War Ii 1941-1945

The Cold War Begins 1945-1952

American Zenith 1952-1963

The Stormy Sixties 1963-1973

Challenges to the Postwar Order 1973-1980

The Resurgence of Conservatism 1980-1992

America Confronts the Post-Cold War Era, 1992-2000

The American People Face a New Century, 2001-2014

Filters

Identify and state the historical significance of the following: -New Harmony

Identify and state the historical significance of the following: -Federal Style of architecture

Each of the following multiple choice questions has multiple correct responses. Select the correct responses for each of the following questions. -In early-nineteenth-century America,