Question 1

The cause of the P-wave shadow zone includes:

Accepted Answer

A)  P-waves are converted to S-waves, which cannot travel through the core 
B)  some P-waves are refracted upward before they reach this zone 
C)  some P-waves are refracted inward into the core, through which they cannot travel 
D)  the P-waves travel curved paths and are prevented from reaching the core-mantle boundary 
E)  all of these 
A)  P-waves are converted to S-waves, which cannot travel through the core 
B)  some P-waves are refracted upward before they reach this zone 
C)  some P-waves are refracted inward into the core, through which they cannot travel 
D)  the P-waves travel curved paths and are prevented from reaching the core-mantle boundary 
E)  all of these

Question 2

Geologists look at rocks that were once at great depth, create high temperature and pressure conditions for rocks in the laboratory, and develop computer models in order to:

Accepted Answer

A)  investigate deep conditions and processes within the Earth 
B)  determine how sedimentary processes work at the surface 
C)  predict patterns for stream channels cutting through loose sediment 
D)  show how volcanic ash will behave in the atmosphere 
A)  investigate deep conditions and processes within the Earth 
B)  determine how sedimentary processes work at the surface 
C)  predict patterns for stream channels cutting through loose sediment 
D)  show how volcanic ash will behave in the atmosphere

Question 3

A seismic wave is refracted to a steeper angle when it:

Accepted Answer

A)  passes from a slower material into a faster one 
B)  passes from a faster material into a slower one 
C)  keeps going at the same speed but is getting deeper 
D)  passes from a solid to a liquid 
A)  passes from a slower material into a faster one 
B)  passes from a faster material into a slower one 
C)  keeps going at the same speed but is getting deeper 
D)  passes from a solid to a liquid

Question 4

In which of the following ways may earthquakes be generated within a continental plate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Intrusions of magma 
B)  Continental rifting and normal faulting 
C)  Transform faults 
D)  Movement of preexisting faults subjected to new stress 
E)  All of these 
A)  Intrusions of magma 
B)  Continental rifting and normal faulting 
C)  Transform faults 
D)  Movement of preexisting faults subjected to new stress 
E)  All of these

Question 5

Which of the following does NOT help explain why refraction causes some seismic waves to return toward Earth's surface?

Accepted Answer

A)  steeply descending rays get refracted to shallower angles as they encounter faster materials at depth 
B)  rising rays refract upward as they encounter slower and slower material 
C)  the seismic waves encounter materials with different properties, including density 
D)  steeply descending rays encounter the liquid core and reflect back to the surface 
A)  steeply descending rays get refracted to shallower angles as they encounter faster materials at depth 
B)  rising rays refract upward as they encounter slower and slower material 
C)  the seismic waves encounter materials with different properties, including density 
D)  steeply descending rays encounter the liquid core and reflect back to the surface

Question 6

Which of the following is a major source of earthquakes associated with continental collisions?

Accepted Answer

A)  thrust faults 
B)  slip along the plate boundary 
C)  faulting in a wide area adjacent to the collision zone 
D)  all of these 
A)  thrust faults 
B)  slip along the plate boundary 
C)  faulting in a wide area adjacent to the collision zone 
D)  all of these

Question 7

Which of the following is true about tsunamis?

Accepted Answer

A)  in deep water they are slow enough that a boat can outrun them 
B)  they form a high wall of water when still in deep water 
C)  a tsunami can flood areas that are several kilometers inland 
D)  all of these 
E)  none of these 
A)  in deep water they are slow enough that a boat can outrun them 
B)  they form a high wall of water when still in deep water 
C)  a tsunami can flood areas that are several kilometers inland 
D)  all of these 
E)  none of these

Question 8

Long-range earthquake forecasting:

Accepted Answer

A)  is based mainly on the knowledge of when and where earthquakes occurred in the past 
B)  uses tectonic settings and historical records 
C)  measures patterns of seismic activity along a fault to determine locations and recurrence intervals 
D)  all of these 
A)  is based mainly on the knowledge of when and where earthquakes occurred in the past 
B)  uses tectonic settings and historical records 
C)  measures patterns of seismic activity along a fault to determine locations and recurrence intervals 
D)  all of these

Question 9

On this map of earthquakes near Japan, why do shallow earthquakes occur to the east and deeper earthquakes occur to the west?

Accepted Answer

A)  the continental crust is thicker to the east 
B)  the crust is hotter near Japan, closer to the volcanoes 
C)  there is a continental collision to the east 
D)  the subduction zone dips to the west 
A)  the continental crust is thicker to the east 
B)  the crust is hotter near Japan, closer to the volcanoes 
C)  there is a continental collision to the east 
D)  the subduction zone dips to the west

Question 10

Most deaths from earthquakes are caused by:

Accepted Answer

A)  collapse of structures 
B)  flooding of coastal areas 
C)  landslides 
D)  fires due to ruptured natural gas lines 
A)  collapse of structures 
B)  flooding of coastal areas 
C)  landslides 
D)  fires due to ruptured natural gas lines

Question 11

Which of the following features was most likely the cause of the earthquake in the Investigation?

Accepted Answer

A)  oceanic trench 
B)  collapse of hills along the shoreline 
C)  faulting along a line of cliffs 
D)  a landslide off Red Mesa 
E)  earthquakes from within Lava Mountain 
A)  oceanic trench 
B)  collapse of hills along the shoreline 
C)  faulting along a line of cliffs 
D)  a landslide off Red Mesa 
E)  earthquakes from within Lava Mountain

Question 12

Tsunami may be generated by:

Accepted Answer

A)  earthquakes that cause the seafloor to shift 
B)  landslides that displace large amounts of water 
C)  activity associated with volcanic eruptions 
D)  all of these may generate a tsunami 
A)  earthquakes that cause the seafloor to shift 
B)  landslides that displace large amounts of water 
C)  activity associated with volcanic eruptions 
D)  all of these may generate a tsunami

Question 13

What likely caused much of the damage shown in this photograph in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake?

Accepted Answer

A)  a breakdown in the computerized warning system 
B)  a tsunami 
C)  fires that broke out after the earthquake 
D)  ground ruptures, cracks, and fissures 
A)  a breakdown in the computerized warning system 
B)  a tsunami 
C)  fires that broke out after the earthquake 
D)  ground ruptures, cracks, and fissures

Question 14

The fault scarp in this photograph apparently formed:

Accepted Answer

A)  when an earthquake rupture offset the surface 
B)  when the area beneath the car was dropped down relative to the area to the left 
C)  more than 50 million years ago 
D)  when material on the left was compacted 
E)  all of these 
A)  when an earthquake rupture offset the surface 
B)  when the area beneath the car was dropped down relative to the area to the left 
C)  more than 50 million years ago 
D)  when material on the left was compacted 
E)  all of these

Question 15

Most earthquakes occur along:

Accepted Answer

A)  plate boundaries 
B)  continental margins 
C)  major rivers 
D)  lines parallel with Earth's magnetic field 
A)  plate boundaries 
B)  continental margins 
C)  major rivers 
D)  lines parallel with Earth's magnetic field

Question 16

In the map to the right, areas of significant earthquake risk are shaded. Most high risk areas will be located:

Accepted Answer

A)  next to the oceans 
B)  in mountainous areas 
C)  near a boundary between tectonic plates 
D)  near volcanoes 
E)  in the center of continents 
A)  next to the oceans 
B)  in mountainous areas 
C)  near a boundary between tectonic plates 
D)  near volcanoes 
E)  in the center of continents

Question 17

Which area did NOT have casualties caused by the Indonesian earthquake of 2004?

Accepted Answer

A)  Indonesia 
B)  India and Sri Lanka 
C)  islands in the Indian Ocean 
D)  the eastern coast of Africa 
E)  all of these areas had casualties 
A)  Indonesia 
B)  India and Sri Lanka 
C)  islands in the Indian Ocean 
D)  the eastern coast of Africa 
E)  all of these areas had casualties

Question 18

What is NOT true about seismic waves?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most seismic waves can be described as a series of repeating crests and troughs. 
B)  The material within the wave moves long distances along with the wave. 
C)  Some seismic waves travel on the surface and are called surface waves. 
D)  Some surface waves shuffle material side to side while others move material up and down. 
E)  Some seismic waves travel through the interior of Earth. 
A)  Most seismic waves can be described as a series of repeating crests and troughs. 
B)  The material within the wave moves long distances along with the wave. 
C)  Some seismic waves travel on the surface and are called surface waves. 
D)  Some surface waves shuffle material side to side while others move material up and down. 
E)  Some seismic waves travel through the interior of Earth.

Question 19

Six large historical earthquakes occurred on the Parkfield segment of the San Andreas fault prior to 2004, with the last one of these occurring in 1966. The graph to the right plots the actual versus predicted dates of all the earthquakes on the Parkfield segment and shows:

Accepted Answer

A)  all the earthquakes before 1966 occurred exactly when predicted 
B)  the 2004 earthquake occurred earlier than predicted 
C)  the 2004 earthquake occurred later than predicted 
D)  graphs like this are a precise way to predict earthquakes 
E)  both c and d 
A)  all the earthquakes before 1966 occurred exactly when predicted 
B)  the 2004 earthquake occurred earlier than predicted 
C)  the 2004 earthquake occurred later than predicted 
D)  graphs like this are a precise way to predict earthquakes 
E)  both c and d

Question 20

Most deaths from the 2010 earthquake in Haiti were due to:

Accepted Answer

A)  a large tsunami that swept into the island from the north 
B)  a large tsunami that swept into the island from the south 
C)  a large landslide that buried the capital city 
D)  collapse of buildings 
E)  all of these 
A)  a large tsunami that swept into the island from the north 
B)  a large tsunami that swept into the island from the south 
C)  a large landslide that buried the capital city 
D)  collapse of buildings 
E)  all of these

The cause of the P-wave shadow zone includes:

Geologists look at rocks that were once at great depth, create high temperature and pressure conditions for rocks in the laboratory, and develop computer models in order to:

A seismic wave is refracted to a steeper angle when it: $A seismic wave is refracted to a steeper angle when it:$

In which of the following ways may earthquakes be generated within a continental plate?

Which of the following does NOT help explain why refraction causes some seismic waves to return toward Earth's surface? $Which of the following does NOT help explain why refraction causes some seismic waves to return toward Earth's surface?$

Which of the following is a major source of earthquakes associated with continental collisions?

Which of the following is true about tsunamis?

Long-range earthquake forecasting:

On this map of earthquakes near Japan, why do shallow earthquakes occur to the east and deeper earthquakes occur to the west?

Most deaths from earthquakes are caused by:

Which of the following features was most likely the cause of the earthquake in the Investigation?

Tsunami may be generated by:

What likely caused much of the damage shown in this photograph in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake?

The fault scarp in this photograph apparently formed:

Most earthquakes occur along:

In the map to the right, areas of significant earthquake risk are shaded. Most high risk areas will be located:

Which area did NOT have casualties caused by the Indonesian earthquake of 2004?

What is NOT true about seismic waves?

Six large historical earthquakes occurred on the Parkfield segment of the San Andreas fault prior to 2004, with the last one of these occurring in 1966. The graph to the right plots the actual versus predicted dates of all the earthquakes on the Parkfield segment and shows:

Most deaths from the 2010 earthquake in Haiti were due to:

The Nature of Geology

Investigating Geologic Questions

Plate Tectonics

Earth Materials

Igneous Environments

Volcanoes and Volcanic Hazards

Sedimentary Environments

Deformation and Metamorphism

Geologic Time

Seafloor and Continental Margins

Mountains, Basins, and Continents

Climate and Weathering

Glaciers, Shorelines, and Changing Sea Levels

Weathering, Soil, and Unstable Slopes

Streams and Flooding

Water Resources

Energy and Mineral Resources

Geology of the Solar System

Filters

Exam 12: Earthquakes and Earths Interior

The cause of the P-wave shadow zone includes:

Geologists look at rocks that were once at great depth, create high temperature and pressure conditions for rocks in the laboratory, and develop computer models in order to:

A seismic wave is refracted to a steeper angle when it:

In which of the following ways may earthquakes be generated within a continental plate?

Which of the following does NOT help explain why refraction causes some seismic waves to return toward Earth's surface?

Which of the following is a major source of earthquakes associated with continental collisions?

Which of the following is true about tsunamis?

Long-range earthquake forecasting:

On this map of earthquakes near Japan, why do shallow earthquakes occur to the east and deeper earthquakes occur to the west?

Most deaths from earthquakes are caused by:

Which of the following features was most likely the cause of the earthquake in the Investigation?

Tsunami may be generated by:

What likely caused much of the damage shown in this photograph in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake?

The fault scarp in this photograph apparently formed:

Most earthquakes occur along:

In the map to the right, areas of significant earthquake risk are shaded. Most high risk areas will be located:

Which area did NOT have casualties caused by the Indonesian earthquake of 2004?

What is NOT true about seismic waves?

Six large historical earthquakes occurred on the Parkfield segment of the San Andreas fault prior to 2004, with the last one of these occurring in 1966. The graph to the right plots the actual versus predicted dates of all the earthquakes on the Parkfield segment and shows:

Most deaths from the 2010 earthquake in Haiti were due to:

The Nature of Geology

Investigating Geologic Questions

Plate Tectonics

Earth Materials

Igneous Environments

Volcanoes and Volcanic Hazards

Sedimentary Environments

Deformation and Metamorphism

Geologic Time

Seafloor and Continental Margins

Mountains, Basins, and Continents

Climate and Weathering

Glaciers, Shorelines, and Changing Sea Levels

Weathering, Soil, and Unstable Slopes

Streams and Flooding

Water Resources

Energy and Mineral Resources

Geology of the Solar System

Filters

A seismic wave is refracted to a steeper angle when it: $A seismic wave is refracted to a steeper angle when it:$

Which of the following does NOT help explain why refraction causes some seismic waves to return toward Earth's surface? $Which of the following does NOT help explain why refraction causes some seismic waves to return toward Earth's surface?$