Question 1

Research has found that explicit attitudes are rooted in ________ whereas implicit attitudes are rooted in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  emotions; sensations. 
B)  childhood experience; current events. 
C)  positive experience; negative experience. 
D)  negative experience; positive experience. 
E)  recent experience; childhood experience. 
A)  emotions; sensations. 
B)  childhood experience; current events. 
C)  positive experience; negative experience. 
D)  negative experience; positive experience. 
E)  recent experience; childhood experience.

Question 2

According to the text,attitudes only indirectly predict behaviours.That is,attitudes predict _______,which in turn predict behaviours.

Accepted Answer

A)  accessibility 
B)  emotion 
C)  perceived control 
D)  subjective norms 
E)  intentions 
A)  accessibility 
B)  emotion 
C)  perceived control 
D)  subjective norms 
E)  intentions

Question 3

You have worked extremely hard to attain a goal,but soon realize that the goal is not as exciting as you expected.You will probably

Accepted Answer

A)  exaggerate the positive qualities of the goal in order to justify your effort. 
B)  carefully analyze the reasons why you worked so hard to attain the goal. 
C)  exaggerate the negative qualities of the goal in order to attain sympathy. 
D)  warn others that the goal is not a very attractive one. 
E)  deny that you ever believed that the goal was exciting. 
A)  exaggerate the positive qualities of the goal in order to justify your effort. 
B)  carefully analyze the reasons why you worked so hard to attain the goal. 
C)  exaggerate the negative qualities of the goal in order to attain sympathy. 
D)  warn others that the goal is not a very attractive one. 
E)  deny that you ever believed that the goal was exciting.

Question 4

Sang-pil Han and Sharon Shavitt showed Americans and Koreans advertisements that stressed either independence or interdependence.They found that _______ were persuaded most by ads that stressed _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  Koreans; logical arguments. 
B)  Americans; interdependence. 
C)  Americans; independence. 
D)  Americans; emotional appeals. 
E)  Koreans; independence. 
A)  Koreans; logical arguments. 
B)  Americans; interdependence. 
C)  Americans; independence. 
D)  Americans; emotional appeals. 
E)  Koreans; independence.

Question 5

_______ refers to words or pictures that are not consciously perceived,but that allegedly influence judgments,attitudes,and behaviours.

Accepted Answer

A)  Subconscious perception 
B)  Paranormal stimuli 
C)  Subliminal messages 
D)  Subnormal priming 
E)  Subcortical messages 
A)  Subconscious perception 
B)  Paranormal stimuli 
C)  Subliminal messages 
D)  Subnormal priming 
E)  Subcortical messages

Question 6

As a persuasive communicator,your goal is to influence the opinions of your audience.You are most likely to benefit from an audience that is slightly distracted when

Accepted Answer

A)  you are not an acknowledged expert on the topic. 
B)  your arguments are strong. 
C)  your arguments are rather weak. 
D)  your audience holds a weak attitude toward the issue. 
E)  you have a cold. 
A)  you are not an acknowledged expert on the topic. 
B)  your arguments are strong. 
C)  your arguments are rather weak. 
D)  your audience holds a weak attitude toward the issue. 
E)  you have a cold.

Question 7

At the new-car dealership,Josh asks the saleswoman a number of questions: "How good is the gas mileage on this model? What does Consumer Reports say about this make and model? Does this car hold its resale value?" The _______ component of Josh's attitude toward the car was most likely to inform his questions.

Accepted Answer

A)  dissonant 
B)  affective 
C)  cognitive 
D)  behavioural 
E)  emotional 
A)  dissonant 
B)  affective 
C)  cognitive 
D)  behavioural 
E)  emotional

Question 8

Hai has been taking expensive beta-carotene supplements for years,because he believes they will reduce his risk of cancer.Hai has just learned that a well-controlled study published in the prestigious New England Journal of Medicine showed that beta-carotene supplements do not reduce cancer risk.Hai is probably experiencing

Accepted Answer

A)  the rationalization trap. 
B)  cognitive dissonance. 
C)  self-discrepancy. 
D)  self-delusion. 
E)  self-affirmation. 
A)  the rationalization trap. 
B)  cognitive dissonance. 
C)  self-discrepancy. 
D)  self-delusion. 
E)  self-affirmation.

Question 9

Steven has a diet high in saturated fats and cholesterol.Assume that he has read that new scientific evidence confirms that a diet high in fat and cholesterol leads to heart disease and colon cancer.If Steven were to reduce cognitive dissonance by adding new cognitions in support of his behaviour,he would think,

Accepted Answer

A)  "I think I will add salad to my diet." 
B)  "I eat what my grandpa ate, and he lived to be 87!" 
C)  "Gee, I think next week I'll stick to fish and chicken." 
D)  "I bet they didn't use a true experiment and a random sample." 
E)  "Like everyone else, scientists are slaves to what's fashionable." 
A)  "I think I will add salad to my diet." 
B)  "I eat what my grandpa ate, and he lived to be 87!" 
C)  "Gee, I think next week I'll stick to fish and chicken." 
D)  "I bet they didn't use a true experiment and a random sample." 
E)  "Like everyone else, scientists are slaves to what's fashionable."

Question 10

_______ attitudes are based primarily on people's beliefs about properties of attitude objects.

Accepted Answer

A)  Cognitively based 
B)  Emotionally based 
C)  Evaluatively based 
D)  Affectively based 
E)  Intention-based 
A)  Cognitively based 
B)  Emotionally based 
C)  Evaluatively based 
D)  Affectively based 
E)  Intention-based

Question 11

A recent meta-analysis of the effectiveness of anti-substance-abuse campaigns found that

Accepted Answer

A)  the most effective medium for displaying ads was print (newspapers and magazines). 
B)  the most effective medium for displaying ads was broadcast (radio and television). 
C)  the most effective medium for displaying ads was electronic (Internet and wireless). 
D)  the most effective medium for displaying ads was street settings (billboards and automobiles). 
E)  none of the media were effective in changing attitudes. 
A)  the most effective medium for displaying ads was print (newspapers and magazines). 
B)  the most effective medium for displaying ads was broadcast (radio and television). 
C)  the most effective medium for displaying ads was electronic (Internet and wireless). 
D)  the most effective medium for displaying ads was street settings (billboards and automobiles). 
E)  none of the media were effective in changing attitudes.

Question 12

Lisa is studying attitudes towards former Prime Minister Brian Mulroney.She finds that in general most people have very negative attitudes about Mulroney and she wants to understand why people hold these attitudes and what can be done about them.If she wants to know your true attitude towards Mulroney and she can only ask you one question,which question should she ask?

Accepted Answer

A)  Do you think Brian Mulroney is good-looking? 
B)  Do most of your friends like or dislike Brian Mulroney? 
C)  Did Brian Mulroney's policies agree or disagree with your values? 
D)  Do you like or dislike Brian Mulroney? 
E)  How would you feel if Brian Mulroney dated your sister? 
A)  Do you think Brian Mulroney is good-looking? 
B)  Do most of your friends like or dislike Brian Mulroney? 
C)  Did Brian Mulroney's policies agree or disagree with your values? 
D)  Do you like or dislike Brian Mulroney? 
E)  How would you feel if Brian Mulroney dated your sister?

Research has found that explicit attitudes are rooted in whereas implicit attitudes are rooted in .

According to the text,attitudes only indirectly predict behaviours.That is,attitudes predict _______,which in turn predict behaviours.

You have worked extremely hard to attain a goal,but soon realize that the goal is not as exciting as you expected.You will probably

Sang-pil Han and Sharon Shavitt showed Americans and Koreans advertisements that stressed either independence or interdependence.They found that _ were persuaded most by ads that stressed _.

_______ refers to words or pictures that are not consciously perceived,but that allegedly influence judgments,attitudes,and behaviours.

As a persuasive communicator,your goal is to influence the opinions of your audience.You are most likely to benefit from an audience that is slightly distracted when

_______ attitudes are based primarily on people's beliefs about properties of attitude objects.

A recent meta-analysis of the effectiveness of anti-substance-abuse campaigns found that

Introduction to Social Psychology

Methodology

Social Cognition

Social Perception

The Self Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

Conformity

Group Processes

Interpersonal Attraction

Prosocial Behaviour

Aggression

Prejudice

Social Psychology in Action 1

Social Psychology in Action 2

Social Psychology in Action 3

Filters

Exam 6: Attitudes and Attitude Change

Research has found that explicit attitudes are rooted in ________ whereas implicit attitudes are rooted in ________.

According to the text,attitudes only indirectly predict behaviours.That is,attitudes predict _______,which in turn predict behaviours.

You have worked extremely hard to attain a goal,but soon realize that the goal is not as exciting as you expected.You will probably

Sang-pil Han and Sharon Shavitt showed Americans and Koreans advertisements that stressed either independence or interdependence.They found that _______ were persuaded most by ads that stressed _______.

_______ refers to words or pictures that are not consciously perceived,but that allegedly influence judgments,attitudes,and behaviours.

As a persuasive communicator,your goal is to influence the opinions of your audience.You are most likely to benefit from an audience that is slightly distracted when

_______ attitudes are based primarily on people's beliefs about properties of attitude objects.

A recent meta-analysis of the effectiveness of anti-substance-abuse campaigns found that

Introduction to Social Psychology

Methodology

Social Cognition

Social Perception

The Self Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

Conformity

Group Processes

Interpersonal Attraction

Prosocial Behaviour

Aggression

Prejudice

Social Psychology in Action 1

Social Psychology in Action 2

Social Psychology in Action 3

Filters

Research has found that explicit attitudes are rooted in whereas implicit attitudes are rooted in .

Sang-pil Han and Sharon Shavitt showed Americans and Koreans advertisements that stressed either independence or interdependence.They found that _ were persuaded most by ads that stressed _.