Question 1

Recollections of events that have been forgotten or repressed is a definition of

Accepted Answer

A)  memory retrieval. 
B)  sexual abuse. 
C)  source monitoring. 
D)  recovered memories. 
E)  the cognitive interview technique. 
A)  memory retrieval. 
B)  sexual abuse. 
C)  source monitoring. 
D)  recovered memories. 
E)  the cognitive interview technique. D

Question 2

How can cross-race identification be improved?

Accepted Answer

A)  It cannot be improved. 
B)  Require people to move beyond snap judgments and pay attention to individuating information. 
C)  When it is important enough, people will be motivated to do it successfully. 
D)  It usually can only be improved if people spend several months living in a community with people of a different race. 
E)  Set up a training program using a photo gallery and comparison techniques. 
A)  It cannot be improved. 
B)  Require people to move beyond snap judgments and pay attention to individuating information. 
C)  When it is important enough, people will be motivated to do it successfully. 
D)  It usually can only be improved if people spend several months living in a community with people of a different race. 
E)  Set up a training program using a photo gallery and comparison techniques. B

Question 3

Elaine has been falsely accused of embezzling $250,000 from her company.Her boss wants her to take a lie detector test,but she has read the research literature and is afraid to do so.If Elaine is innocent,why would she hesitate to take the test?

Accepted Answer

A)  Elaine is afraid that she will have to truthfully discuss other things she may be ashamed of. 
B)  It is easy for a skilled operator of a lie detector test to implant a false memory of actually having committed the embezzlement. 
C)  Lie detectors inflict rather painful shocks that may have adverse consequences on people with heart conditions. 
D)  Lie detector tests necessarily require people to tell intimate details about private issues unrelated to the question at hand. 
E)  There is a 14% probability that the test will falsely conclude that she is lying. 
A)  Elaine is afraid that she will have to truthfully discuss other things she may be ashamed of. 
B)  It is easy for a skilled operator of a lie detector test to implant a false memory of actually having committed the embezzlement. 
C)  Lie detectors inflict rather painful shocks that may have adverse consequences on people with heart conditions. 
D)  Lie detector tests necessarily require people to tell intimate details about private issues unrelated to the question at hand. 
E)  There is a 14% probability that the test will falsely conclude that she is lying. E

Question 4

Based on the research by Loftus (1974,1983),what type of 'proof' is most likely to lead to a guilty verdict?

Accepted Answer

A)  eyewitness testimony 
B)  statistical evidence 
C)  physical evidence 
D)  expert testimony 
E)  retrieved memories 
A)  eyewitness testimony 
B)  statistical evidence 
C)  physical evidence 
D)  expert testimony 
E)  retrieved memories

Question 5

_______ theory posits that people refrain from criminal activity because of the threat of severe,certain,and swift legal punishment.

Accepted Answer

A)  Deterrence 
B)  Classical punishment 
C)  Prevention 
D)  Cognitive dissonance 
E)  Realistic threat 
A)  Deterrence 
B)  Classical punishment 
C)  Prevention 
D)  Cognitive dissonance 
E)  Realistic threat

Question 6

Confessions are not always what they seem.According to your textbook there are several reasons why a suspect might falsely confess to a crime he/she did not commit.Briefly describe these reasons.

Accepted Answer

Research has revealed that several facto

Question 7

Which of the following procedures would lead to more accurate identification in a lineup?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ensure that the suspect and foils differ greatly in appearance. 
B)  Insist that the suspect and foils remain silent during the lineup. 
C)  Present the suspect and foils sequentially. 
D)  Allow the witness to view all of the suspects twice. 
E)  Assure the witness that the suspect is in the lineup. 
A)  Ensure that the suspect and foils differ greatly in appearance. 
B)  Insist that the suspect and foils remain silent during the lineup. 
C)  Present the suspect and foils sequentially. 
D)  Allow the witness to view all of the suspects twice. 
E)  Assure the witness that the suspect is in the lineup.

Question 8

Kalven and Zeisel (1966)reviewed the decisions of more than 200 juries in actual criminal trials and discovered that

Accepted Answer

A)  the jury members often change their minds several times during deliberation. 
B)  the jury tends to deadlock when there are dissenting jurors. 
C)  the final decision is almost always the same as the one favoured by the majority on the initial vote. 
D)  the final decision is rarely ever the same as the one favoured by the majority on the initial vote. 
E)  jury members rely solely on the factual evidence in their decision making process. 
A)  the jury members often change their minds several times during deliberation. 
B)  the jury tends to deadlock when there are dissenting jurors. 
C)  the final decision is almost always the same as the one favoured by the majority on the initial vote. 
D)  the final decision is rarely ever the same as the one favoured by the majority on the initial vote. 
E)  jury members rely solely on the factual evidence in their decision making process.

Question 9

The process whereby information obtained after an event alters memories of the event is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  node integration. 
B)  repressed memory. 
C)  unconscious transference. 
D)  selective memory. 
E)  reconstructive memory. 
A)  node integration. 
B)  repressed memory. 
C)  unconscious transference. 
D)  selective memory. 
E)  reconstructive memory.

Question 10

Social psychological research has revealed a _______ relation between eyewitness confidence and accuracy.

Accepted Answer

A)  weak positive 
B)  strong negative 
C)  nonexistent 
D)  weak negative 
E)  strong positive 
A)  weak positive 
B)  strong negative 
C)  nonexistent 
D)  weak negative 
E)  strong positive

Question 11

_______ refers to people's perceptions of the fairness of the process used to arrive at some outcome.

Accepted Answer

A)  Procedural justice 
B)  Equality 
C)  Subjective approval 
D)  Equity 
E)  Process approval 
A)  Procedural justice 
B)  Equality 
C)  Subjective approval 
D)  Equity 
E)  Process approval

Question 12

Some academic psychologists and therapists disagree on the validity of

Accepted Answer

A)  eyewitness testimony. 
B)  cognitive interviews. 
C)  expert testimony. 
D)  physical evidence of sexual assault. 
E)  recovered memories. 
A)  eyewitness testimony. 
B)  cognitive interviews. 
C)  expert testimony. 
D)  physical evidence of sexual assault. 
E)  recovered memories.

Question 13

The authors of your text describe an incident in which a friend of theirs,Alan,found the body of an elderly neighbour.Despite obvious signs that she was murdered,Alan insisted that she died of old age.Why?

Accepted Answer

A)  Only a very experienced police officer would have had the skills to determine if it were likely that a murder took place. 
B)  Alan found it too painful to believe she was murdered. 
C)  He was not particularly adept at social perception. 
D)  He was the real murderer, but wanted to cover up his crime. 
E)  His expectations that she died of old age led him to ignore evidence that she was murdered. 
A)  Only a very experienced police officer would have had the skills to determine if it were likely that a murder took place. 
B)  Alan found it too painful to believe she was murdered. 
C)  He was not particularly adept at social perception. 
D)  He was the real murderer, but wanted to cover up his crime. 
E)  His expectations that she died of old age led him to ignore evidence that she was murdered.

Question 14

Which of the following witnesses is most likely to make a correct identification of a suspect in a police lineup?

Accepted Answer

A)  The witness who takes the most time and thinks carefully before identifying the suspect. 
B)  The witness who identifies the suspect right away but says they don't really know how they recognized him. 
C)  The witness who uses the process of elimination when deciding on their identification. 
D)  The witness who compares everyone in the lineup before identifying the suspect. 
E)  The witness who has discussed the characteristics of the suspect with other witnesses. 
A)  The witness who takes the most time and thinks carefully before identifying the suspect. 
B)  The witness who identifies the suspect right away but says they don't really know how they recognized him. 
C)  The witness who uses the process of elimination when deciding on their identification. 
D)  The witness who compares everyone in the lineup before identifying the suspect. 
E)  The witness who has discussed the characteristics of the suspect with other witnesses.

Question 15

Christian and Sung-Yee are walking to their car when an Asian man pulls out a knife and demands their wallets.In a lineup,Christian cannot tell which man is the one who attacked him,but Sung-Yee has no problem identifying the culprit.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  the own-race bias. 
B)  contagion. 
C)  source-monitoring. 
D)  bystander apathy. 
E)  selective attention. 
A)  the own-race bias. 
B)  contagion. 
C)  source-monitoring. 
D)  bystander apathy. 
E)  selective attention.

Question 16

Elena is a security guard.According to research presented in your text by Loftus and Harley (2005),in order for her to be as accurate as possible in terms of any crimes she may witness,it would be ideal to make sure that she is ________ suspects when crimes occur.

Accepted Answer

A)  no more than 35 metres away from 
B)  within 7.5 metres of 
C)  at least 3.5 metres away from 
D)  no more than 50 metres away from 
E)  no more than 75 metres away 
A)  no more than 35 metres away from 
B)  within 7.5 metres of 
C)  at least 3.5 metres away from 
D)  no more than 50 metres away from 
E)  no more than 75 metres away

Question 17

Sally was working the night shift at a convenience store.A man came in,pulled out a gun,and demanded that Sally give him all of the money in the cash register.When the police interview Sally about the crime,what would she be most likely to tell them?

Accepted Answer

A)  the height of the man 
B)  the type of clothes the man wore 
C)  the colour of the man's eyes 
D)  the colour of the man's hair 
E)  that the man wielded a gun 
A)  the height of the man 
B)  the type of clothes the man wore 
C)  the colour of the man's eyes 
D)  the colour of the man's hair 
E)  that the man wielded a gun

Question 18

Rod Lindsay and his colleagues (1981)staged a calculator theft witnessed by students.In one experimental condition,it was relatively easy to identify the perpetrator; in another condition,it was only moderately easy to identify the perpetrator; in a third condition,it was very difficult to correctly identify the thief.When student witnesses were asked to pick the suspect out of a photo lineup,

Accepted Answer

A)  there was a discrepancy between witnesses' confidence and their accuracy. 
B)  eyewitness accuracy was generally poor and unaffected by viewing conditions. 
C)  confident witnesses were more accurate than those who weren't confident. 
D)  eyewitness accuracy remained relatively accurate across all conditions. 
E)  their accuracy increased as the viewing conditions improved. 
A)  there was a discrepancy between witnesses' confidence and their accuracy. 
B)  eyewitness accuracy was generally poor and unaffected by viewing conditions. 
C)  confident witnesses were more accurate than those who weren't confident. 
D)  eyewitness accuracy remained relatively accurate across all conditions. 
E)  their accuracy increased as the viewing conditions improved.

Question 19

Concerning eyewitness testimony,it is the belief of experts in the field that

Accepted Answer

A)  memory processes are analogous to a videotape recording of a sequence of events. 
B)  mistaken eyewitness identification is responsible for more wrongful convictions than all other causes combined. 
C)  hypnosis has proven to be an effective tool for accessing unavailable and forgotten information by eyewitnesses. 
D)  eyewitnesses and physical evidence provide the most reliable evidence that is available. 
E)  photographs of suspects should be presented simultaneously instead of sequentially. 
A)  memory processes are analogous to a videotape recording of a sequence of events. 
B)  mistaken eyewitness identification is responsible for more wrongful convictions than all other causes combined. 
C)  hypnosis has proven to be an effective tool for accessing unavailable and forgotten information by eyewitnesses. 
D)  eyewitnesses and physical evidence provide the most reliable evidence that is available. 
E)  photographs of suspects should be presented simultaneously instead of sequentially.

Question 20

A number of studies have been done to assess the deterrent effects of the death penalty.Whether researchers have compared states with or without the death penalty,or have compared murder rates in states before and after the death penalty was adopted,researchers have found that

Accepted Answer

A)  the death penalty deters premeditated murder, but not crimes of passion. 
B)  multiple appeals from prisoners on death row lower the deterrent effects of the death penalty. 
C)  there is no evidence of the deterrence value of the death penalty. 
D)  the death penalty is a deterrent only when punishment is certain. 
E)  the death penalty is a deterrent only when punishment is swift. 
A)  the death penalty deters premeditated murder, but not crimes of passion. 
B)  multiple appeals from prisoners on death row lower the deterrent effects of the death penalty. 
C)  there is no evidence of the deterrence value of the death penalty. 
D)  the death penalty is a deterrent only when punishment is certain. 
E)  the death penalty is a deterrent only when punishment is swift.

Recollections of events that have been forgotten or repressed is a definition of

How can cross-race identification be improved?

Elaine has been falsely accused of embezzling $250,000 from her company.Her boss wants her to take a lie detector test,but she has read the research literature and is afraid to do so.If Elaine is innocent,why would she hesitate to take the test?

Based on the research by Loftus (1974,1983),what type of 'proof' is most likely to lead to a guilty verdict?

_______ theory posits that people refrain from criminal activity because of the threat of severe,certain,and swift legal punishment.

Confessions are not always what they seem.According to your textbook there are several reasons why a suspect might falsely confess to a crime he/she did not commit.Briefly describe these reasons.

Which of the following procedures would lead to more accurate identification in a lineup?

Kalven and Zeisel (1966)reviewed the decisions of more than 200 juries in actual criminal trials and discovered that

The process whereby information obtained after an event alters memories of the event is known as

Social psychological research has revealed a _______ relation between eyewitness confidence and accuracy.

_______ refers to people's perceptions of the fairness of the process used to arrive at some outcome.

Some academic psychologists and therapists disagree on the validity of

The authors of your text describe an incident in which a friend of theirs,Alan,found the body of an elderly neighbour.Despite obvious signs that she was murdered,Alan insisted that she died of old age.Why?

Which of the following witnesses is most likely to make a correct identification of a suspect in a police lineup?

Christian and Sung-Yee are walking to their car when an Asian man pulls out a knife and demands their wallets.In a lineup,Christian cannot tell which man is the one who attacked him,but Sung-Yee has no problem identifying the culprit.This is an example of

Elena is a security guard.According to research presented in your text by Loftus and Harley (2005),in order for her to be as accurate as possible in terms of any crimes she may witness,it would be ideal to make sure that she is ________ suspects when crimes occur.

Sally was working the night shift at a convenience store.A man came in,pulled out a gun,and demanded that Sally give him all of the money in the cash register.When the police interview Sally about the crime,what would she be most likely to tell them?

Concerning eyewitness testimony,it is the belief of experts in the field that

A number of studies have been done to assess the deterrent effects of the death penalty.Whether researchers have compared states with or without the death penalty,or have compared murder rates in states before and after the death penalty was adopted,researchers have found that

Introduction to Social Psychology

Methodology

Social Cognition

Social Perception

The Self Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

Attitudes and Attitude Change

Conformity

Group Processes

Interpersonal Attraction

Prosocial Behaviour

Aggression

Prejudice

Social Psychology in Action 1

Social Psychology in Action 2

Filters

Exam 15: Social Psychology in Action 3

Recollections of events that have been forgotten or repressed is a definition of

How can cross-race identification be improved?

Elaine has been falsely accused of embezzling $250,000 from her company.Her boss wants her to take a lie detector test,but she has read the research literature and is afraid to do so.If Elaine is innocent,why would she hesitate to take the test?

Based on the research by Loftus (1974,1983),what type of 'proof' is most likely to lead to a guilty verdict?

_______ theory posits that people refrain from criminal activity because of the threat of severe,certain,and swift legal punishment.

Confessions are not always what they seem.According to your textbook there are several reasons why a suspect might falsely confess to a crime he/she did not commit.Briefly describe these reasons.

Which of the following procedures would lead to more accurate identification in a lineup?

Kalven and Zeisel (1966)reviewed the decisions of more than 200 juries in actual criminal trials and discovered that

The process whereby information obtained after an event alters memories of the event is known as

Social psychological research has revealed a _______ relation between eyewitness confidence and accuracy.

_______ refers to people's perceptions of the fairness of the process used to arrive at some outcome.

Some academic psychologists and therapists disagree on the validity of

The authors of your text describe an incident in which a friend of theirs,Alan,found the body of an elderly neighbour.Despite obvious signs that she was murdered,Alan insisted that she died of old age.Why?

Which of the following witnesses is most likely to make a correct identification of a suspect in a police lineup?

Christian and Sung-Yee are walking to their car when an Asian man pulls out a knife and demands their wallets.In a lineup,Christian cannot tell which man is the one who attacked him,but Sung-Yee has no problem identifying the culprit.This is an example of

Elena is a security guard.According to research presented in your text by Loftus and Harley (2005),in order for her to be as accurate as possible in terms of any crimes she may witness,it would be ideal to make sure that she is ________ suspects when crimes occur.

Sally was working the night shift at a convenience store.A man came in,pulled out a gun,and demanded that Sally give him all of the money in the cash register.When the police interview Sally about the crime,what would she be most likely to tell them?

Concerning eyewitness testimony,it is the belief of experts in the field that

A number of studies have been done to assess the deterrent effects of the death penalty.Whether researchers have compared states with or without the death penalty,or have compared murder rates in states before and after the death penalty was adopted,researchers have found that

Introduction to Social Psychology

Methodology

Social Cognition

Social Perception

The Self Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

Attitudes and Attitude Change

Conformity

Group Processes

Interpersonal Attraction

Prosocial Behaviour

Aggression

Prejudice

Social Psychology in Action 1

Social Psychology in Action 2

Filters