Question 1

Which of the following is true regarding the gravitational forces affecting Earth?

Accepted Answer

A)  The solar attraction is about twice that of the Moon. 
B)  The solar and lunar gravitational attractive forces are about the same magnitude. 
C)  The gravitational forces of each vary depending upon seasons on Earth. 
D)  The lunar attraction is slightly more than twice that of the Sun. 
A)  The solar attraction is about twice that of the Moon. 
B)  The solar and lunar gravitational attractive forces are about the same magnitude. 
C)  The gravitational forces of each vary depending upon seasons on Earth. 
D)  The lunar attraction is slightly more than twice that of the Sun.

Question 2

__________is an economically viable long- range solution to beach preservation only where there is dense development, large supplies of sand, low wave energy, and reconcilable environmental issues.

Accepted Answer

A)  Beach nourishment 
B)  Abandonment and relocation 
C)  Foreshore garbage dumping 
D)  Breakwater and seawall construction 
A)  Beach nourishment 
B)  Abandonment and relocation 
C)  Foreshore garbage dumping 
D)  Breakwater and seawall construction

Question 3

__________is not a dynamic characteristic of a wave.

Accepted Answer

A)  Velocity or speed 
B)  Period 
C)  Wavelength 
D)  Fetch 
A)  Velocity or speed 
B)  Period 
C)  Wavelength 
D)  Fetch

Question 4

____________are built more or less parallel to the beach.

Accepted Answer

A)  Jetties 
B)  Seawalls 
C)  Groins 
D)  Caissons 
A)  Jetties 
B)  Seawalls 
C)  Groins 
D)  Caissons

Question 5

What facies of sand deposits typically display millimetre- scale beds with gentle seaward dips and parallel lamination defined by alternating layers of clean white quartz and darker heavy mineral concentrates?

Accepted Answer

A)  lagoon deposits 
B)  swaley, lower shoreface deposits 
C)  alternating bedded offshore deposits 
D)  lower beachface/foreshore deposits 
A)  lagoon deposits 
B)  swaley, lower shoreface deposits 
C)  alternating bedded offshore deposits 
D)  lower beachface/foreshore deposits

Question 6

_________are generally built in pairs to preserve the location of a river mouth or harbour entrance.

Accepted Answer

A)  Caissons 
B)  Jetties 
C)  Groins 
D)  Seawalls 
A)  Caissons 
B)  Jetties 
C)  Groins 
D)  Seawalls

Question 7

Which one of the following is not directly related to wave refraction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Deposition is concentrated in bays and protected estuaries. 
B)  Ebb tidal currents carry large quantities of sand from estuaries to the seaward side of a barrier island system. 
C)  Erosional energy is focused on headland areas protruding from the beach. 
D)  Wave speeds decrease as waves enter shallow water. 
A)  Deposition is concentrated in bays and protected estuaries. 
B)  Ebb tidal currents carry large quantities of sand from estuaries to the seaward side of a barrier island system. 
C)  Erosional energy is focused on headland areas protruding from the beach. 
D)  Wave speeds decrease as waves enter shallow water.

Question 8

How great can the speed of tidal currents be, such as during spring tides off the coast of Brittany in France?

Accepted Answer

A)  100 km/hr 
B)  20 km/hr 
C)  10 km/hr 
D)  2 km/hr 
A)  100 km/hr 
B)  20 km/hr 
C)  10 km/hr 
D)  2 km/hr

Question 9

Fetch refers to _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  the distance across open water, over which the wind can blow and generate waves 
B)  the beachfront area where rapid erosion is taking place 
C)  the rotational movements of water particles beneath a passing, surface wave 
D)  the magical creature who secretly moves sediment about when nobody is looking 
A)  the distance across open water, over which the wind can blow and generate waves 
B)  the beachfront area where rapid erosion is taking place 
C)  the rotational movements of water particles beneath a passing, surface wave 
D)  the magical creature who secretly moves sediment about when nobody is looking

Question 10

A_______ migrates inland as a wave- cut platform is extended.

Accepted Answer

A)  sea arch 
B)  wave- cut barrier dune 
C)  wave- cut cliff 
D)  sea stack 
A)  sea arch 
B)  wave- cut barrier dune 
C)  wave- cut cliff 
D)  sea stack

Question 11

A _________extends partway across the mouth of a bay or estuary.

Accepted Answer

A)  sand tongue 
B)  jetty 
C)  spit 
D)  barrier island 
A)  sand tongue 
B)  jetty 
C)  spit 
D)  barrier island

Question 12

All waves represent_______ .

Accepted Answer

A)  rambunctious gods playing at the edge of the world 
B)  an interference pattern of crests caused by high tide and troughs caused by low tide 
C)  energy travel through water, usually caused by wind stress 
D)  the inertial sloshing of ocean waters caused by Earth's rotation 
A)  rambunctious gods playing at the edge of the world 
B)  an interference pattern of crests caused by high tide and troughs caused by low tide 
C)  energy travel through water, usually caused by wind stress 
D)  the inertial sloshing of ocean waters caused by Earth's rotation

Question 13

A________ is an isolated remnant of bedrock standing above a wave- cut platform.

Accepted Answer

A)  hoodoo 
B)  sea spit 
C)  sea stack 
D)  sea rampart 
A)  hoodoo 
B)  sea spit 
C)  sea stack 
D)  sea rampart

Question 14

What is the cause for the present day rise in sea level of 2.0- 2.5 mm/year?

Accepted Answer

A)  Global warming, due to the combustion of fossil fuel, is melting the ice caps and expanding the ocean volume. 
B)  Increasing mid- ocean ridge volume is accelerating seafloor spreading. 
C)  Tectonic forces are buckling the seafloor all around the Pacific. 
D)  Increased flatulence by cattle that are being bred in record numbers for hamburgers. 
A)  Global warming, due to the combustion of fossil fuel, is melting the ice caps and expanding the ocean volume. 
B)  Increasing mid- ocean ridge volume is accelerating seafloor spreading. 
C)  Tectonic forces are buckling the seafloor all around the Pacific. 
D)  Increased flatulence by cattle that are being bred in record numbers for hamburgers.

Question 15

How can crashing, collapsing, storm waves generate explosive forces and stresses on rocky outcrops and manmade structures?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oscillating, refractive waves shake the hard materials into small fragments. 
B)  Storm waves hurl big rocks up into the suspended load, hammering the shore. 
C)  Backwash breaks out blocks of rock or concrete and carries them to deeper water. 
D)  The weight, momentum, and pressure of storm waves compresses air into cracks, shattering rock. 
A)  Oscillating, refractive waves shake the hard materials into small fragments. 
B)  Storm waves hurl big rocks up into the suspended load, hammering the shore. 
C)  Backwash breaks out blocks of rock or concrete and carries them to deeper water. 
D)  The weight, momentum, and pressure of storm waves compresses air into cracks, shattering rock.

Question 16

The leeward side of a groin is _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the site of massive infections by sand- fleas 
B)  sand starved and particularly prone to erosion 
C)  a quiet back- water location that fills up with finely laminated muds 
D)  prone to receive the greatest amount of sand deposition 
A)  the site of massive infections by sand- fleas 
B)  sand starved and particularly prone to erosion 
C)  a quiet back- water location that fills up with finely laminated muds 
D)  prone to receive the greatest amount of sand deposition

Question 17

With respect to constructing seashore buildings or foreshore engineering works, the best advice should be: _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Fight for publicly funded maintenance and insurance programs to protect your private investments. 
B)  Don't worry mon, be happy. 
C)  Don't build resorts or houses but seawalls and port facilities can be made strong enough. 
D)  Builder beware; if you treat this as an unchanging setting, you will put yourself and your resources in conflict with awesome forces of nature. 
A)  Fight for publicly funded maintenance and insurance programs to protect your private investments. 
B)  Don't worry mon, be happy. 
C)  Don't build resorts or houses but seawalls and port facilities can be made strong enough. 
D)  Builder beware; if you treat this as an unchanging setting, you will put yourself and your resources in conflict with awesome forces of nature.

Question 18

How much pressure can be exerted by those "perfect waves" that characterize the North Atlantic winter storms?

Accepted Answer

A)  1,000,000 kg/m2 
B)  1 kg/m2 
C)  10,000 kg/m2 
D)  100 kg/m2 
A)  1,000,000 kg/m2 
B)  1 kg/m2 
C)  10,000 kg/m2 
D)  100 kg/m2

Question 19

When does a deep- water wave change to a shallow water wave?

Accepted Answer

A)  only when the wave period is greater than twice the water depth 
B)  only when the wavelength is about one- half the water depth 
C)  only when the wave period is greater than one- half the water depth 
D)  only when the wavelength is about twice the water depth 
A)  only when the wave period is greater than twice the water depth 
B)  only when the wavelength is about one- half the water depth 
C)  only when the wave period is greater than one- half the water depth 
D)  only when the wavelength is about twice the water depth

Question 20

What causes the pair of tidal bulges?

Accepted Answer

A)  The larger one closest to the Moon is gravitational; 180° away it is inertial. 
B)  The east and west shores of the Americas pushing the water out of the way like giant mixer blades. 
C)  One is caused by the pull of the moon, the other by the sun. 
D)  The shape of the whole Earth gets deformed into a flattened ellipsoid by the Moon's gravity; the other bulge is due to centrifugal force bending the rocks back but delayed by a quarter revolution. 
A)  The larger one closest to the Moon is gravitational; 180° away it is inertial. 
B)  The east and west shores of the Americas pushing the water out of the way like giant mixer blades. 
C)  One is caused by the pull of the moon, the other by the sun. 
D)  The shape of the whole Earth gets deformed into a flattened ellipsoid by the Moon's gravity; the other bulge is due to centrifugal force bending the rocks back but delayed by a quarter revolution.

Which of the following is true regarding the gravitational forces affecting Earth?

__________is an economically viable long- range solution to beach preservation only where there is dense development, large supplies of sand, low wave energy, and reconcilable environmental issues.

__________is not a dynamic characteristic of a wave.

____________are built more or less parallel to the beach.

What facies of sand deposits typically display millimetre- scale beds with gentle seaward dips and parallel lamination defined by alternating layers of clean white quartz and darker heavy mineral concentrates?

_________are generally built in pairs to preserve the location of a river mouth or harbour entrance.

Which one of the following is not directly related to wave refraction?

How great can the speed of tidal currents be, such as during spring tides off the coast of Brittany in France?

Fetch refers to _______.

A_______ migrates inland as a wave- cut platform is extended.

A _________extends partway across the mouth of a bay or estuary.

All waves represent_______ .

A________ is an isolated remnant of bedrock standing above a wave- cut platform.

What is the cause for the present day rise in sea level of 2.0- 2.5 mm/year?

How can crashing, collapsing, storm waves generate explosive forces and stresses on rocky outcrops and manmade structures?

The leeward side of a groin is _________.

With respect to constructing seashore buildings or foreshore engineering works, the best advice should be: _________.

How much pressure can be exerted by those "perfect waves" that characterize the North Atlantic winter storms?

When does a deep- water wave change to a shallow water wave?

What causes the pair of tidal bulges?

An Introduction to Geology and Plate Tectonics

Minerals: the Building Blocks of Rocks

Igneous Rocks

Volcanoes and Volcanic Processes

Weathering and Soil

Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Geologic Time

Crustal Deformation

Earthquakes and Earths Interior

Plate Tectonics: the Framework for Modern Geology

Mountain Building and Continental Frameworks

Mass Wasting: the Work of Gravity

Running Water

Groundwater

Glaciers and Glaciation

Deserts and Winds

Shorelines

Mineral and Energy Resources

Filters

Exam 11: The Ocean Floor

Which of the following is true regarding the gravitational forces affecting Earth?

__________is an economically viable long- range solution to beach preservation only where there is dense development, large supplies of sand, low wave energy, and reconcilable environmental issues.

__________is not a dynamic characteristic of a wave.

____________are built more or less parallel to the beach.

What facies of sand deposits typically display millimetre- scale beds with gentle seaward dips and parallel lamination defined by alternating layers of clean white quartz and darker heavy mineral concentrates?

_________are generally built in pairs to preserve the location of a river mouth or harbour entrance.

Which one of the following is not directly related to wave refraction?

How great can the speed of tidal currents be, such as during spring tides off the coast of Brittany in France?

Fetch refers to _______.

A_______ migrates inland as a wave- cut platform is extended.

A _________extends partway across the mouth of a bay or estuary.

All waves represent_______ .

A________ is an isolated remnant of bedrock standing above a wave- cut platform.

What is the cause for the present day rise in sea level of 2.0- 2.5 mm/year?

How can crashing, collapsing, storm waves generate explosive forces and stresses on rocky outcrops and manmade structures?

The leeward side of a groin is _________.

With respect to constructing seashore buildings or foreshore engineering works, the best advice should be: _________.

How much pressure can be exerted by those "perfect waves" that characterize the North Atlantic winter storms?

When does a deep- water wave change to a shallow water wave?

What causes the pair of tidal bulges?

An Introduction to Geology and Plate Tectonics

Minerals: the Building Blocks of Rocks

Igneous Rocks

Volcanoes and Volcanic Processes

Weathering and Soil

Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Geologic Time

Crustal Deformation

Earthquakes and Earths Interior

Plate Tectonics: the Framework for Modern Geology

Mountain Building and Continental Frameworks

Mass Wasting: the Work of Gravity

Running Water

Groundwater

Glaciers and Glaciation

Deserts and Winds

Shorelines

Mineral and Energy Resources

Filters