Question 1

Laboratory research has shown that alcohol ingestion can damage DNA at levels as low as 1-2 drinks.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

Research suggests that alcohol activates the dopamine system, an important part of the brain reward system,
and the positive psychological effects may reinforce the desire to continue to consume alcohol and lead to addiction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Which of the following dietary supplements marketed to strength-trained individuals are precursors, or prohormones, for testosterone?

Accepted Answer

A)  androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone 
B)  gamma oryzanol and ginseng 
C)  HMB and tribulus terrestris 
D)  creatine and conjugated linoleic acid 
E)  carnitine and chromium 
A)  androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone 
B)  gamma oryzanol and ginseng 
C)  HMB and tribulus terrestris 
D)  creatine and conjugated linoleic acid 
E)  carnitine and chromium A

Question 4

According to substantial research, which of the following herbal sport supplements has been shown to be very effective as a means to enhance aerobic endurance exercise performance?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ginseng 
B)  Rpigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) 
C)  Rhodiola rosea 
D)  Yohimbine 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Ginseng 
B)  Rpigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) 
C)  Rhodiola rosea 
D)  Yohimbine 
E)  None of the above

Question 5

Although research indicates caffeine may be an effective ergogenic aid for a variety of exercise endeavors, research is least supportive of its ergogenic effect on which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  aerobic endurance exercise 
B)  muscular strength 
C)  high-intensity intermittent exercise 
D)  a and c 
E)  b and c 
A)  aerobic endurance exercise 
B)  muscular strength 
C)  high-intensity intermittent exercise 
D)  a and c 
E)  b and c

Question 6

The "proof" is a measure of the alcohol content in the beverage and is

Accepted Answer

A)  double the percentage. 
B)  half the percentage. 
C)  equal to the percentage. 
D)  None of the answers are correct. 
A)  double the percentage. 
B)  half the percentage. 
C)  equal to the percentage. 
D)  None of the answers are correct.

Question 7

The World Health Organization, in its recent Global Status Report on Alcohol and Health, reported that the harmful use of alcohol results in the death of 2.5 million people annually.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Classified as an addictive drug, caffeine dependence is considered a serious form of drug abuse by the
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT an accurate statement about dehydroepiandrosterone or Androstenedione?

Accepted Answer

A)  Use of Androstenendione is associated with increased health risks such as impaired lipid metabolism, decreased HDL cholesterol, testicular shrinkage and infertility 
B)  High serum dehydroepiandrosterone levels have been associated with several health risks, including cancer 
C)  Studies showed no significant effects of dehydroepiandrosterone supplementation on serum testosterone levels, lean body mass or muscular strength in middle-aged or young men involved in resistance training 
D)  Androstenedione intake had no significant increase on serum testosterone concentration in young women 
A)  Use of Androstenendione is associated with increased health risks such as impaired lipid metabolism, decreased HDL cholesterol, testicular shrinkage and infertility 
B)  High serum dehydroepiandrosterone levels have been associated with several health risks, including cancer 
C)  Studies showed no significant effects of dehydroepiandrosterone supplementation on serum testosterone levels, lean body mass or muscular strength in middle-aged or young men involved in resistance training 
D)  Androstenedione intake had no significant increase on serum testosterone concentration in young women

Question 10

When one considers Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Fetal Alcohol Effects, research indicates all but which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Women who drink should abstain during the pregnancy 
B)  One to three beers or glasses of wine per day may help reduce emotional stress and will not affect the developing fetus 
C)  FAE children are easily distracted and have poor attention spans 
D)  No "safe" amount of alcohol during pregnancy has been determined 
A)  Women who drink should abstain during the pregnancy 
B)  One to three beers or glasses of wine per day may help reduce emotional stress and will not affect the developing fetus 
C)  FAE children are easily distracted and have poor attention spans 
D)  No "safe" amount of alcohol during pregnancy has been determined

Question 11

Of the following, which one is NOT a reported result of using sodium bicarbonate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sodium bicarbonate supplementation does appear to enhance performance in exercise tasks dependent upon the lactic acid energy system 
B)  Sodium bicarbonate supplementation has produced improvement in some aerobic endurance exercise tasks 
C)  The usual experimental protocol is to ingest a dosage of sodium bicarbonate immediately prior to the exercise task to get maximum benefits 
D)  Doses of sodium bicarbonate that are higher than recommended may cause gastrointestinal distress 
A)  Sodium bicarbonate supplementation does appear to enhance performance in exercise tasks dependent upon the lactic acid energy system 
B)  Sodium bicarbonate supplementation has produced improvement in some aerobic endurance exercise tasks 
C)  The usual experimental protocol is to ingest a dosage of sodium bicarbonate immediately prior to the exercise task to get maximum benefits 
D)  Doses of sodium bicarbonate that are higher than recommended may cause gastrointestinal distress

Question 12

Which of the following statements regarding the use of anabolic/androgenic steroids (AAS) is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Although research indicates that AAS will increase muscle size, no studies have found improvement in muscle strength 
B)  There are some approved medical applications of AAS, 
C)  Athletes as young as middle school students (age 9-13) have been reported to use AAS as a means to enhance sport performance 
D)  AAS are a class of drugs designed to mimic the effects of testosterone, but maximizing the anabolic effects and minimizing the androgenic effects 
E)  Use of AAS over prolonged periods has been associated with numerous health risks, including increased risk of cardiovascular disease 
A)  Although research indicates that AAS will increase muscle size, no studies have found improvement in muscle strength 
B)  There are some approved medical applications of AAS, 
C)  Athletes as young as middle school students (age 9-13) have been reported to use AAS as a means to enhance sport performance 
D)  AAS are a class of drugs designed to mimic the effects of testosterone, but maximizing the anabolic effects and minimizing the androgenic effects 
E)  Use of AAS over prolonged periods has been associated with numerous health risks, including increased risk of cardiovascular disease

Question 13

Increasing research suggests that moderate alcohol consumption, or "low risk" drinking, may reduce the risk of cardiovascular heart disease and all-cause mortality. All of the following, except which, are hypothesized to contribute to this reduced risk?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased blood flow to the brain 
B)  decreased platelet aggregability (decreased possibility of blood clots) 
C)  a relaxation effect and reduced anxiety 
D)  a direct toxic effect to kill cancer cells 
E)  an increase in HDL-cholesterol 
A)  increased blood flow to the brain 
B)  decreased platelet aggregability (decreased possibility of blood clots) 
C)  a relaxation effect and reduced anxiety 
D)  a direct toxic effect to kill cancer cells 
E)  an increase in HDL-cholesterol

Question 14

Research regarding athletes using herbals as effective ergogenic aids

Accepted Answer

A)  is extensive and provides conclusive evidence of their positive effects on performance. 
B)  is limited because much of what we know about the efficacy of herbal supplements is based on anecdotal data and poorly controlled studies. 
C)  has been relatively easy to do, since herbs are regulated as dietary supplements in the United States and are required to be standardized. 
D)  generally reports significant ergogenic effects with limited potential health risks. 
A)  is extensive and provides conclusive evidence of their positive effects on performance. 
B)  is limited because much of what we know about the efficacy of herbal supplements is based on anecdotal data and poorly controlled studies. 
C)  has been relatively easy to do, since herbs are regulated as dietary supplements in the United States and are required to be standardized. 
D)  generally reports significant ergogenic effects with limited potential health risks.

Question 15

Which of the following is not an ergogenic effect of caffeine?

Accepted Answer

A)  If decreases the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in the muscle. 
B)  It may increase the release of adrenaline into the circulation. 
C)  It reduces the sensation of perceived effort. 
D)  It stimulates the central nervous system. 
A)  If decreases the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in the muscle. 
B)  It may increase the release of adrenaline into the circulation. 
C)  It reduces the sensation of perceived effort. 
D)  It stimulates the central nervous system.

Question 16

Research supports that appears to be an effective ergogenic aid.

Accepted Answer

A)  ginseng 
B)  ciwujia 
C)  Eleutherococcus senticosus 
D)  caffeine 
A)  ginseng 
B)  ciwujia 
C)  Eleutherococcus senticosus 
D)  caffeine

Question 17

As a potential ergogenic aid, sodium bicarbonate would be most likely suited to which type of athlete?

Accepted Answer

A)  gymnastic event such as the high bar 
B)  archery 
C)  marathon runner 
D)  100 meter dash 
E)  400 meter run 
A)  gymnastic event such as the high bar 
B)  archery 
C)  marathon runner 
D)  100 meter dash 
E)  400 meter run

Question 18

In addition to the health risks associated with anabolic steroids, chemical analysis has revealed some
potentially hazardous constituents in these "homemade" drugs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Ephedra has joined the list of substances banned by the International Olympic Committee and the World Anti-
Doping Agency for use during competition and training.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The standard dosage of sodium bicarbonate, based on kilogram body weight, is

Accepted Answer

A)  3,000 milligrams 
B)  100 milligrams 
C)  10 milligrams 
D)  300 milligrams 
A)  3,000 milligrams 
B)  100 milligrams 
C)  10 milligrams 
D)  300 milligrams

Laboratory research has shown that alcohol ingestion can damage DNA at levels as low as 1-2 drinks.

Research suggests that alcohol activates the dopamine system, an important part of the brain reward system, and the positive psychological effects may reinforce the desire to continue to consume alcohol and lead to addiction.

Which of the following dietary supplements marketed to strength-trained individuals are precursors, or prohormones, for testosterone?

According to substantial research, which of the following herbal sport supplements has been shown to be very effective as a means to enhance aerobic endurance exercise performance?

Although research indicates caffeine may be an effective ergogenic aid for a variety of exercise endeavors, research is least supportive of its ergogenic effect on which of the following?

The "proof" is a measure of the alcohol content in the beverage and is

The World Health Organization, in its recent Global Status Report on Alcohol and Health, reported that the harmful use of alcohol results in the death of 2.5 million people annually.

Classified as an addictive drug, caffeine dependence is considered a serious form of drug abuse by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.

Which of the following is NOT an accurate statement about dehydroepiandrosterone or Androstenedione?

When one considers Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Fetal Alcohol Effects, research indicates all but which of the following?

Of the following, which one is NOT a reported result of using sodium bicarbonate?

Which of the following statements regarding the use of anabolic/androgenic steroids (AAS) is FALSE?

Increasing research suggests that moderate alcohol consumption, or "low risk" drinking, may reduce the risk of cardiovascular heart disease and all-cause mortality. All of the following, except which, are hypothesized to contribute to this reduced risk?

Research regarding athletes using herbals as effective ergogenic aids

Which of the following is not an ergogenic effect of caffeine?

Research supports that appears to be an effective ergogenic aid.

As a potential ergogenic aid, sodium bicarbonate would be most likely suited to which type of athlete?

In addition to the health risks associated with anabolic steroids, chemical analysis has revealed some potentially hazardous constituents in these "homemade" drugs.

Ephedra has joined the list of substances banned by the International Olympic Committee and the World Anti- Doping Agency for use during competition and training.

The standard dosage of sodium bicarbonate, based on kilogram body weight, is

Introduction to Nutrition for Health, Fitness, and Sports Performance

Healthful Nutrition for Fitness and Sport: the Consumer Athlete

Human Energy

Carbohydrates: the Main Energy Food

Fat: an Important Energy Source During Exercise

Protein: the Tissue Builder

Vitamins: the Organic Regulators

Minerals: the Inorganic Regulators

Water, Electrolytes and Temperature Regulation

Body Weight and Composition for Health and Sport

Weight Maintenance and Loss Through Proper Nutrition and Exercise

Weight Gaining Through Proper Nutrition and Exercise

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Exam 13: Food Drugs and Related Supplements

Laboratory research has shown that alcohol ingestion can damage DNA at levels as low as 1-2 drinks.

Research suggests that alcohol activates the dopamine system, an important part of the brain reward system, and the positive psychological effects may reinforce the desire to continue to consume alcohol and lead to addiction.

Which of the following dietary supplements marketed to strength-trained individuals are precursors, or prohormones, for testosterone?

According to substantial research, which of the following herbal sport supplements has been shown to be very effective as a means to enhance aerobic endurance exercise performance?

Although research indicates caffeine may be an effective ergogenic aid for a variety of exercise endeavors, research is least supportive of its ergogenic effect on which of the following?

The "proof" is a measure of the alcohol content in the beverage and is

The World Health Organization, in its recent Global Status Report on Alcohol and Health, reported that the harmful use of alcohol results in the death of 2.5 million people annually.

Classified as an addictive drug, caffeine dependence is considered a serious form of drug abuse by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.

Which of the following is NOT an accurate statement about dehydroepiandrosterone or Androstenedione?

When one considers Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Fetal Alcohol Effects, research indicates all but which of the following?

Of the following, which one is NOT a reported result of using sodium bicarbonate?

Which of the following statements regarding the use of anabolic/androgenic steroids (AAS) is FALSE?

Increasing research suggests that moderate alcohol consumption, or "low risk" drinking, may reduce the risk of cardiovascular heart disease and all-cause mortality. All of the following, except which, are hypothesized to contribute to this reduced risk?

Research regarding athletes using herbals as effective ergogenic aids

Which of the following is not an ergogenic effect of caffeine?

Research supports that appears to be an effective ergogenic aid.

As a potential ergogenic aid, sodium bicarbonate would be most likely suited to which type of athlete?

In addition to the health risks associated with anabolic steroids, chemical analysis has revealed some potentially hazardous constituents in these "homemade" drugs.

Ephedra has joined the list of substances banned by the International Olympic Committee and the World Anti- Doping Agency for use during competition and training.

The standard dosage of sodium bicarbonate, based on kilogram body weight, is

Introduction to Nutrition for Health, Fitness, and Sports Performance

Healthful Nutrition for Fitness and Sport: the Consumer Athlete

Human Energy

Carbohydrates: the Main Energy Food

Fat: an Important Energy Source During Exercise

Protein: the Tissue Builder

Vitamins: the Organic Regulators

Minerals: the Inorganic Regulators

Water, Electrolytes and Temperature Regulation

Body Weight and Composition for Health and Sport

Weight Maintenance and Loss Through Proper Nutrition and Exercise

Weight Gaining Through Proper Nutrition and Exercise

Filters