Question 1

In the electron configuration [Ar]4s23d104p4, which are valence electrons?

Accepted Answer

A)  all of the electrons after the [Ar] 
B)  only the 4s2 electrons 
C)  only the 3d10 electrons 
D)  only the 4p4 electrons 
E)  both the 4s2 and the 4p4 electrons 
A)  all of the electrons after the [Ar] 
B)  only the 4s2 electrons 
C)  only the 3d10 electrons 
D)  only the 4p4 electrons 
E)  both the 4s2 and the 4p4 electrons

Question 2

Select the correct electron configuration for Te (Z = 52).

Accepted Answer

A)  [Kr]5s25p64d8 
B)  [Kr]5s25d105p4 
C)  [Kr]5s24d105p6 
D)  [Kr]5s24f14 
E)  [Kr]5s24d105p4 
A)  [Kr]5s25p64d8 
B)  [Kr]5s25d105p4 
C)  [Kr]5s24d105p6 
D)  [Kr]5s24f14 
E)  [Kr]5s24d105p4

Question 3

First ionization energies of neutral atoms may be positive or negative.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Select the most acidic compound from the following:

Accepted Answer

A)  SO2 
B)  Al2O3 
C)  CaO 
D)  PbO 
E)  H2O 
A)  SO2 
B)  Al2O3 
C)  CaO 
D)  PbO 
E)  H2O

Question 5

Which of the following electron configurations is correct for the excited state of an element?

Accepted Answer

A)  [He]2s22p5 
B)  [Ne]3s23p1 
C)  [Ar]4s14p1 
D)  [Kr]5s24d7 
E)  [He]1p1 
A)  [He]2s22p5 
B)  [Ne]3s23p1 
C)  [Ar]4s14p1 
D)  [Kr]5s24d7 
E)  [He]1p1

Question 6

Electron affinities of neutral atoms may be positive or negative.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

"Electrons added to atomic orbitals of the same energy will remain unpaired with parallel spins until the subshell is more than half-filled" is a statement of

Accepted Answer

A)  the aufbau principle. 
B)  Hund's rule. 
C)  the Pauli exclusion principle. 
D)  the periodic law. 
E)  the singularity rule. 
A)  the aufbau principle. 
B)  Hund's rule. 
C)  the Pauli exclusion principle. 
D)  the periodic law. 
E)  the singularity rule.

Question 8

In Mendeleev's version of the periodic table, the elements were arranged in order of increasing atomic number.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The electronic structure 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d8 refers to the ground state of:

Accepted Answer

A)  Kr 
B)  Ni 
C)  Fe 
D)  Pd 
E)  None of these choices is correct. 
A)  Kr 
B)  Ni 
C)  Fe 
D)  Pd 
E)  None of these choices is correct.

Question 10

A negative electron affinity implies that the atom repels an approaching electron.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

. Also, explain why the values of these properties are so different between these two groups.

Accepted Answer

Group 1A (1) atoms are much la

Question 12

What is the correct order of decreasing size of the following ions?

Accepted Answer

A)  P3¯ > Cl¯ > K+ > Ca2+ 
B)  Ca2+ > K+ > Cl¯ > P3¯ 
C)  K+ > Cl¯ > Ca2+ > P3¯ 
D)  K+ > Cl¯ > P3¯ > Ca2+ 
E)  None of these choices is correct. 
A)  P3¯ > Cl¯ > K+ > Ca2+ 
B)  Ca2+ > K+ > Cl¯ > P3¯ 
C)  K+ > Cl¯ > Ca2+ > P3¯ 
D)  K+ > Cl¯ > P3¯ > Ca2+ 
E)  None of these choices is correct.

Question 13

State Hund's rule, and show how it applies to the ground state of phosphorus atoms.

Accepted Answer

Electrons occupy orbitals within the sam

Question 14

Select the correct set of quantum numbers (n, l, ml, ms) for the first electron removed in the formation of a cation for strontium, Sr.

Accepted Answer

A)  5, 1 , 0, -½ 
B)  5, 1, 0, ½ 
C)  5, 0, 1, ½ 
D)  5, 1, 1, ½ 
E)  5, 0, 0, -½ 
A)  5, 1 , 0, -½ 
B)  5, 1, 0, ½ 
C)  5, 0, 1, ½ 
D)  5, 1, 1, ½ 
E)  5, 0, 0, -½

Question 15

Moseley's measurements of nuclear charges of the elements provided the basis for arranging the elements of the periodic table in order of increasing atomic number.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Energy states of atoms containing more than one electron arise from nucleus-electron and electron-electron interactions. Which of the following statements correctly describes these effects?

Accepted Answer

A)  Larger nuclear charge lowers energy, more electrons in an orbital lowers energy. 
B)  Larger nuclear charge lowers energy, more electrons in an orbital increases energy. 
C)  Smaller nuclear charge lowers energy, more electrons in an orbital lowers energy. 
D)  Smaller nuclear charge lowers energy, more electrons in an orbital increases energy. 
E)  None of these statements is generally correct. 
A)  Larger nuclear charge lowers energy, more electrons in an orbital lowers energy. 
B)  Larger nuclear charge lowers energy, more electrons in an orbital increases energy. 
C)  Smaller nuclear charge lowers energy, more electrons in an orbital lowers energy. 
D)  Smaller nuclear charge lowers energy, more electrons in an orbital increases energy. 
E)  None of these statements is generally correct.

Question 17

The difference in energies between the 1s and 2s orbitals is due to the penetration effect.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

According to the exclusion principle, two is the maximum number of electrons in an atom which can share the same four quantum numbers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Select the element with the greatest metallic character.

Accepted Answer

A)  Li 
B)  Ca 
C)  Al 
D)  Pb 
E)  Cs 
A)  Li 
B)  Ca 
C)  Al 
D)  Pb 
E)  Cs

Question 20

Which of the following elements has the smallest first ionization energy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rb 
B)  Mg 
C)  I 
D)  As 
E)  F 
A)  Rb 
B)  Mg 
C)  I 
D)  As 
E)  F

Exam 8: Electron Configuration and Chemical Periodicity

In the electron configuration [Ar]4s23d104p4, which are valence electrons?

Select the correct electron configuration for Te (Z = 52).

First ionization energies of neutral atoms may be positive or negative.

Select the most acidic compound from the following:

Which of the following electron configurations is correct for the excited state of an element?

Electron affinities of neutral atoms may be positive or negative.

"Electrons added to atomic orbitals of the same energy will remain unpaired with parallel spins until the subshell is more than half-filled" is a statement of

In Mendeleev's version of the periodic table, the elements were arranged in order of increasing atomic number.

The electronic structure 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d8 refers to the ground state of:

A negative electron affinity implies that the atom repels an approaching electron.

. Also, explain why the values of these properties are so different between these two groups.

What is the correct order of decreasing size of the following ions?

State Hund's rule, and show how it applies to the ground state of phosphorus atoms.

Select the correct set of quantum numbers (n, l, ml, ms) for the first electron removed in the formation of a cation for strontium, Sr.

Moseley's measurements of nuclear charges of the elements provided the basis for arranging the elements of the periodic table in order of increasing atomic number.

Energy states of atoms containing more than one electron arise from nucleus-electron and electron-electron interactions. Which of the following statements correctly describes these effects?

The difference in energies between the 1s and 2s orbitals is due to the penetration effect.

According to the exclusion principle, two is the maximum number of electrons in an atom which can share the same four quantum numbers.

Select the element with the greatest metallic character.

Which of the following elements has the smallest first ionization energy?

Keys to the Study of Chemistry

The Components of Matter

Stoichiometry of Formulas and Equations

Three Major Classes of Chemical Reactions

Gases and the Kinetic-Molecular Theory

Thermochemistry: Energy Flow and Chemical Change

Quantum Theory and Atomic Structure

Models of Chemical Bonding

The Shapes of Molecules

Theories of Covalent Bonding

Intermolecular Forces: Liquids, Solids, and Phase Changes

The Properties of Mixtures: Solutions and Colloids

Periodic Patterns in the Main-Group Elements

Organic Compounds and the Atomic Properties of Carbon

Kinetics: Rates and Mechanisms of Chemical Reactions

Equilibrium: the Extent of Chemical Reactions

Acid-Base Equilibria

Ionic Equilibria in Aqueous Systems

Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy, and the Direction of Chemical Reactions

Electrochemistry: Chemical Change and Electrical Work

The Elements in Nature and Industry

The Transition Elements and Their Coordination Compounds

Nuclear Reactions and Their Applications

Filters

In the electron configuration [Ar]4s²3d¹⁰4p⁴, which are valence electrons?

The electronic structure 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d⁸ refers to the ground state of:

Select the correct set of quantum numbers (n, l, m_l, m_s) for the first electron removed in the formation of a cation for strontium, Sr.