Exam 4: American Life in the 17th Century 1607-1692

Which of the following is true about the article?

Answer parts a,b,and c. a)Briefly explain the significance of the Marshall court during the first quarter of the 19^th century. b)Briefly explain how ONE of the Supreme Court cases under Marshall supports your answer in part a. c)Briefly explain how ONE of the cases you chose in part b continued to have an influence in the judicial system.

The following questions refer to the excerpts below. "There are a few focal points upon which Jackson's modern reputation has turned for better or for worse.One is his attack on corporate privilege and on the concentrated political influence of wealth.In his famous Bank Veto of 1832,Jackson juxtaposed "the rich and powerful" against "the humble members of society-the farmers,mechanics,and laborers," and lamented that the former "too often bend the acts of government to their selfish purposes." No president before and few since have spoken so bluntly of economic antagonisms between Americans." Daniel Feller,Professor of History at the University of Tennessee,Knoxville,2008 "When President Jackson confronted the Bank of the United States in 1832,he did so with the belief that it was a corrupt fiscal monster threatening the nation's economic security.He not only vetoed the Bank's re charter,which was within his right as chief executive,but went a step further by removing federal deposits even after Congress had deemed them safe.Jackson transferred one secretary of the treasury and fired another in order to secure the deposit removals.His actions were questionable,if not completely illegal,and the Senate censured him by making a notation in their journal.They didn't attempt impeachment for lack of support." Matthew Warshauer,Professor of History at Central Connecticut State University,2008 -Which of the following best explains Feller's characterization of the social situation that Jackson highlighted during his presidency?

The following questions refer to the image below. The Metropolitan Museum of Art.Image source:Art Resource,NY Thomas Cole,View on the Catskill-Early Autumn,1837 -The above painting illustrates

Directions: In your response you should do the following: •State a relevant thesis that directly addresses all parts of the question. •Support your argument with evidence,using specific examples. •Apply historical thinking skills as directed by the question. •Synthesize the elements above into a persuasive essay that extends your argument,connects it to a different historical context,or connects it to a different category of analysis. -Compare and contrast the presidencies of Thomas Jefferson and Andrew Jackson and the claim that each was the "common man" president.Provide specific evidence to support your answer.

The following questions refer to the excerpt below. "And yet again,in his message of December 7,1847,that "the Mexican Government refused even to hear the terms of adjustment which he [our minister of peace] was authorized to propose,and finally,under wholly unjustifiable pretexts,involved the two countries in war,by invading the territory of the State of Texas,striking the first blow,and shedding the blood of our citizens on our own soil."  And whereas this House is desirous to obtain a full knowledge of all the facts which go to establish whether the particular spot on which the blood of our citizens was so shed was or was not at that time our own soil:" Abraham Lincoln,1848 -By 1848,the United States

The following questions refer to the excerpt below. "It is thus that our political system,resting on the great principle involved in the recognized diversity of geographical interests in the community,has,in theory,with admiral sagacity,provided the most efficient check against their dangers.Looking to the facts,the Constitution has formed the States into a community only to the extent of their common interests;leaving them distinct and independent communities as to all other interests,and drawing the line of separation with consummate skill,as before stated." John C.Calhoun,1828 -Calhoun was the political enemy of

The following questions refer to the image below. North Wind Picture Archives / Alamy William Clark sketch of Flathead Indians in his diary of the Lewis and Clark expedition,1804-1806 -Subsequent interactions between Americans and the American Indians would lead to

The following questions refer to the excerpts below. "There are a few focal points upon which Jackson's modern reputation has turned for better or for worse.One is his attack on corporate privilege and on the concentrated political influence of wealth.In his famous Bank Veto of 1832,Jackson juxtaposed "the rich and powerful" against "the humble members of society-the farmers,mechanics,and laborers," and lamented that the former "too often bend the acts of government to their selfish purposes." No president before and few since have spoken so bluntly of economic antagonisms between Americans." Daniel Feller,Professor of History at the University of Tennessee,Knoxville,2008 "When President Jackson confronted the Bank of the United States in 1832,he did so with the belief that it was a corrupt fiscal monster threatening the nation's economic security.He not only vetoed the Bank's re charter,which was within his right as chief executive,but went a step further by removing federal deposits even after Congress had deemed them safe.Jackson transferred one secretary of the treasury and fired another in order to secure the deposit removals.His actions were questionable,if not completely illegal,and the Senate censured him by making a notation in their journal.They didn't attempt impeachment for lack of support." Matthew Warshauer,Professor of History at Central Connecticut State University,2008 -A central source of disagreement between these two interpretations is conflicting ideas about

The following questions refer to the excerpt below. "British cruisers have been in the continued practice of violating the American flag on the great highway of nations,and of seizing and carrying off persons sailing under it,not in the exercise of a belligerent right founded on the law of nations against an enemy,but of a municipal [internal] prerogative over British subjects.British jurisdiction is thus extended to neutral vessels… " James Madison,1812 -This passage reveals a contemporary American desire to

The following questions refer to the excerpt below. "No Negro shall leave the place at any time without my permission…No Negro shall be allowed to marry out of the plantation…No rule I have stated is of more importance than that relating to negroes marrying out of the plantation…It creates a feeling of independence,from being,of right,out of the control of the masters for a time.Never allow any man to talk to your Negroes,nothing more injurious." Rules of Highland Plantation,1838 -In the decades before the Civil War,slave owners

Evaluate the impact of transportation on the growth of the United States during the first half of the nineteenth century. Document 1 Source: J.H.B. Latrabe, 1811 In the latter part of September, 1811, the New Orleans, after a short exgerimental trip up the Monongahela, commenced her voyege... the voyege which changed the relations of the West-which may almost be said to heve changed its destiny On ane accasion, alarge canoe, fully maned came aut of the woods... The Indians, autrumbering the crew of the versel padneded after it. There was at ance arace, and for a time the contest was equal... Steam had the advantage of enchurance, and the Indians with wild shouts $\ldots$ gave up the pursuit... Document 3 Source: Jah C. Calhoun December 19, 1828 We cultivate certan great staples for the supply of the general market af the warld; and they manufacture almost exclusively far the home market. Their abject in the Tariff is to keep down fareign competition, in arter to obtain a monopoly of the damestic market. The effect on us is to compel us to purcha5e at a higher price, both what we purchase from them ant from athers, without receiving a carrespanding increase of price for what we sell. The price, at which we can afford to cultivate, must depend an the price at which we receive aur supplies. The lower the latter, the lower we may dispose of aur products with profit; and in the same degee dur capacity of meeting campetition is increased; an the cantrary, the higher the price of aur supplies, the less the profit at the same price, and the less consequenty the capacity far meeting competition. ... The case then, farly stated between us and the manufacturing States, is, that the Tariff gives them a prohibition against foreipn competition in our awn market in the sale of their poods, and deprives us of the benefit of a campetitin of purchasers for aur raw material. They wha say, that they cannot compete with foreigners at their own doars without an advantage of nearly fifty per cent. exgact us to meet them abroad unter a disatvantage equal to their encuuragement. But the oppression preat as it is to us, will not stop at this point. Document 4 Saurce: Andrew Jacksan speech to Congess, 1830 Ta the House of Representatives: Gentlemen, Ihave maturely considered the bill proposing to autharize ansubscription af stack in the Maysville..Road Company," and now return the same to the House of Representatives, in which it aripinated writh my objections to its passage.. Such grants [af money by the federal government] have always been [passed] under the control of the eeneral principle that the warks which might be thus aided should be "af a general not local national not State," character. A disregard of this distinction wauld af necessity lead to the subversion of the federal system... I am not able to view [the Maysville Raad Bill] in any other light than a5 a measure of purely local character... It has no connection with any established system of improvements; [mi] is exclusively within the lirrits of a State [Kentucky]... Document 6 Saurce: Saruel Marse to Senatar F.O.J. Srith Februrary 15, 1838 This mode of instantanedus commurication must inevitably became an instrument af immense power, to be wrelded far good or far evil as it shall be properly ar improperly directed ..If no insumountable obstacles present themselves in a distance of une hundred miles, none may be exgected in ane thousand or in ten thousand miles; and then will be presented for the consideration af the Government the propriety of completely argarizang this _new telegraghic system as a part of the Guvernment. attaching it to same department alreaty existing or creating a new ane which may be called for by the accumulating duties of the present departments... Document 7 Saurce: Jasiah Greg Commeres of the Frairies, 1842 It is from this period -the year 1822 - that the virtual commencement of the SANTA FE TRADE may be dated The next remarkable era in its history is the first attempt to intraduce wagons in these expeplitions. This was made in 1824 by a compary of traders, about eighty in mumber, among whom were several gentlemen of intelligence from Missauri, who contributed by their superior skill and undaunted energy, to render the enterprise campletely successful. A portion of this campany employed pack-mules: among the rest were awned twenty-Eve wheled vehicles, of which ane ar twa were stout raad-wagons, twa were carts, and the rest Dearborn carrieges the whole conveying 50me \$25,000 ar 330,000 warth of merchandise. Colonel Marmaduke, the present Lestenant-Governor of Missouri, having formed ane of the party, has been pleased to place his diary of that eventful jauney at my disposal; but want of space necessarly compels me to pass cver the many interesting and exciting incidents which it contains. Suffice it to 5 ay that the caravan reached Santa Fe with much less difficuly than must have been anticipated from a first exgeriment writh wheeled vehicles. The raute, indeed, appears to have presented fewer obstacles than any ordinary raad of eqqual length in the Urited States...

The following questions refer to the excerpts below. "There are a few focal points upon which Jackson's modern reputation has turned for better or for worse.One is his attack on corporate privilege and on the concentrated political influence of wealth.In his famous Bank Veto of 1832,Jackson juxtaposed "the rich and powerful" against "the humble members of society-the farmers,mechanics,and laborers," and lamented that the former "too often bend the acts of government to their selfish purposes." No president before and few since have spoken so bluntly of economic antagonisms between Americans." Daniel Feller,Professor of History at the University of Tennessee,Knoxville,2008 "When President Jackson confronted the Bank of the United States in 1832,he did so with the belief that it was a corrupt fiscal monster threatening the nation's economic security.He not only vetoed the Bank's re charter,which was within his right as chief executive,but went a step further by removing federal deposits even after Congress had deemed them safe.Jackson transferred one secretary of the treasury and fired another in order to secure the deposit removals.His actions were questionable,if not completely illegal,and the Senate censured him by making a notation in their journal.They didn't attempt impeachment for lack of support." Matthew Warshauer,Professor of History at Central Connecticut State University,2008 -Which of the following groups most directly challenged Jackson's actions with respect to the National Bank?

DBQ Directions Directions: These questions are based on the accompanying documents.The documents have been edited for the purpose of this exercise. In your response you should do the following: •State a relevant thesis that directly addresses all parts of the question. •Support the thesis or a relevant argument with evidence from all,or all but one,of the documents. •Incorporate analysis of all,or all but one,of the documents into your argument. •Focus your analysis of each document on at least one of the following: intended audience,purpose,historical context,and/or point of view. •Support your argument with analysis of historical examples outside the documents. •Connect historical phenomena relevant to your argument to broader events or processes. •Synthesize the elements above into a persuasive essay that extends your argument,connects it to a different historical context,or accounts for contradictory evidence on the topic. -Analyze the changes and continuities of the United States government's policy toward Native Americans from 1810 to 1840. Document 1 Saurce: Tecumseh to Guvernar Harnisan, August 12,1810 It is true I am a Shawee. My forefathers were warriors. Their $50 n$ is a warrior. Fram them I anly take my existence, from my tribe I take nothing I am the maker of my own fartune; and oh! That I could make that of my red people, and of my country, as great as the conceptions of my mind when I think of the Spirit that rules the universe, I wald not then come to Governor Harrison, to ask him to tear the treaty, and to obliterate the landmark; but I wauld say to hin, Sir, you have liberty to retun to your awn cauntry. Document 2 Saurce: Felix Grundy, December 10,1811 , Annals of Conpe5s, $12 ^ { \text {th } }$ Conpe5s, $1 ^ { \text {st } }$ Session It cancet be believed by my man wha wrill reflect thet the serage tibes, uninfluenced by other pawers, waid think of malan war an the United States. They understand tod well their awn wezkess, and aur strenth. They heve alreaty felt the weight of au arms; they lanow they hald the very sail an which they lyve as tenents at sufferance. Haw, then sir, are wre to account for their late candiuct? In ane wray anly; some parerful netion must heve intigued with them, and tured their perceful dispoition towrir us into hostilities. Document 3 Source: Chief Shartarish 1821 There was a time when wr did not konow the whites - aur wants were fewer than they are now. They were always within our contral-we had then 5 een nothing which we cauld not get. Before dur intercourse with the whites, who have caused such a destruction in aur game, we cauld lie down to sleep, and when we awake we wald find the buffalo feeding around aur camp-but now we are kolling them far their skins, and feepling the walves with their flesh to make aur chiliren cry aver their bones. Document 4 Source: Andrew Jacksan, 1829 The condition and ulterior destiny of the Indian tribes within the linrits of $50 m e$ of aur states have became objects of much interest and importance. It has long been the policy af government to introduce amone them the arts of civilization in the hope of pradually reclairing them from a wandernin life. This policy has, however, been coupled writh another wholly incompatible writh its success. Profes5ing a desire to civilize and settle them, we have at the same time lost no opportunity to purchase their lands and thrust them farther into the wildermess. By this means they heve not anly been kept in a wandering state, but been led to look upan us a5 unjust and indifferent to their fate... Document 5 Source: Appeal of the Cherakee Nation, July 17, 1830 We wish to remain an the land of aur fathers. We heve a perfect and original ripht to clain this, without interruption or molestation. The treaties writh us, and laws of the United States made in pursuance of treates, guaranty aur residence, and our privileges, and secure us against intruders. Our anly request is, that these treaties may be fulfilled and these laws executed. Document 6 Saurce: Senatar Thedere Frelinghuysen, 1830 Register af Debates in Congess, $21 ^ { \text {st } }$ Congress I now proceed to the discussion of those principles which in my humble judment fully and clearly sustain the clams of the Indians to all their political and civi rights, as by them asserted And here I insist that, by inmemorial possession, as the aripinal tenants of the sail they hold atitle beyond and superiar to the British Crown and her colonies, and to all atverse pretensions of aur Canfederation and subsequent Union. God, in his Pravidence, planted these tribes on this western continent 50 far as we konow, before Great Britain herself had a political existence... Document 7 Saurce: Removal of the American Indians

The following questions refer to the image below. North Wind Picture Archives / Alamy -As the Market Revolution transformed the United States economy,women's roles were increasingly perceived to be

The following questions refer to the excerpt below. "British cruisers have been in the continued practice of violating the American flag on the great highway of nations,and of seizing and carrying off persons sailing under it,not in the exercise of a belligerent right founded on the law of nations against an enemy,but of a municipal [internal] prerogative over British subjects.British jurisdiction is thus extended to neutral vessels… " James Madison,1812 -Which of the following is James Madison speaking of?

The following questions refer to the image below. North Wind Picture Archives / Alamy -Work in the cotton mills of New England

The following questions refer to the excerpt below. Commandancy of the Alamo Bejar,Feby.24,1836 To the People of Texas & All Americans in the World Fellow citizens & compatriots I am besieged,by a thousand or more of the Mexicans under Santa Anna I have sustained a continual Bombardment & cannonade for 24 hours & have not lost a man The enemy has demanded a surrender at discretion,otherwise,the garrison are to be put to the sword,if the fort is taken I have answered the demand with a cannon shot,& our flag still waves proudly from the walls I shall never surrender or retreat.Then,I call on you in the name of Liberty,of patriotism & everything dear to the American character,to come to our aid,with all dispatch The enemy is receiving reinforcements daily & will no doubt increase to three or four thousand in four or five days.If this call is neglected,I am determined to sustain myself as long as possible & die like a soldier who never forgets what is due to his own honor & that of his country VICTORY OR DEATH. William Barret Travis, Lt.Col.comdt. P.S.The Lord is on our side.When the enemy appeared in sight we had not three bushels of corn.We have since found in deserted houses 80 or 90 bushels and got into the walls 20 or 30 head of Beeves.Travis -The settlers who came to the Texas territory

The following questions refer to the cartoon below. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington -The reference to Harrison and Tyler in the cartoon refers to

The following questions refer to the excerpt below. "The spirit of improvement is abroad upon the earth.It stimulates the hearts and sharpens the faculties not of our fellow-citizens alone,but of the nations of Europe and of their rulers.While dwelling with pleasing satisfaction upon the superior excellence of our political institutions,let us not be unmindful that liberty is power;that the nation blessed with the largest portion of liberty must in proportion to its numbers be the most powerful nation upon the earth,and that the tenure of power by man is ,in the moral purposes of his Creator,upon condition that is shall be excercised to ends of beneficience,to improve the condition of himself and his fellowmen." John Quincy Adams,1825 -John Quincy Adam's argument,as presented here,makes sense in the broader context of which of the following wide-spread contemporary social movements?