Question 1

A family of peptides called __________are released by the endothelium and are among the most potent vasoconstrictors known.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A family of peptides called __________are released...

Question 2

A person suddenly gaining significant amounts of adipose tissue can expect all of the following physiological changes except one. Which of the following is least likely to occur with a sudden and significant gain in adipose tissue?

Accepted Answer

A)  lower heart rate and reduced blood flow 
B)  increased angiogenesis and higher peripheral resistance 
C)  higher peripheral resistance and higher blood pressure 
D)  increased risk of developing atherosclerosis 
A)  lower heart rate and reduced blood flow 
B)  increased angiogenesis and higher peripheral resistance 
C)  higher peripheral resistance and higher blood pressure 
D)  increased risk of developing atherosclerosis

Question 3

Which of the following is a type of circulatory shock?

Accepted Answer

A)  cardiogenic, which results from any defect in blood vessels 
B)  vascular, due to extreme vasodilation as a result of loss of vasomotor tone 
C)  circulatory, where blood volume is normal and constant 
D)  hypovolemic, caused by increased blood volume 
A)  cardiogenic, which results from any defect in blood vessels 
B)  vascular, due to extreme vasodilation as a result of loss of vasomotor tone 
C)  circulatory, where blood volume is normal and constant 
D)  hypovolemic, caused by increased blood volume

Question 4

Which blood vessels lack elastic tissue?

Accepted Answer

A)  muscular arteries and arterioles 
B)  arterioles and capillaries 
C)  venules and veins 
D)  capillaries and venules 
A)  muscular arteries and arterioles 
B)  arterioles and capillaries 
C)  venules and veins 
D)  capillaries and venules

Question 5

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disease of blood vessels that is responsible for millions of deaths each year.
Describe the disease process, noting the involvement of specific cell/tissue types and molecules.

Accepted Answer

The disease process involves several sta

Question 6

Select the correct statement about factors that influence blood pressure.

Accepted Answer

A)  An increase in cardiac output corresponds to a decrease in blood pressure, due to the increased delivery. 
B)  Systemic vasodilation would increase blood pressure, due to diversion of blood to essential areas. 
C)  Excess red cell production would cause a blood pressure increase. 
D)  Excess albumen transport protein production would decrease blood pressure. 
A)  An increase in cardiac output corresponds to a decrease in blood pressure, due to the increased delivery. 
B)  Systemic vasodilation would increase blood pressure, due to diversion of blood to essential areas. 
C)  Excess red cell production would cause a blood pressure increase. 
D)  Excess albumen transport protein production would decrease blood pressure.

Question 7

Which of the following is least involved in pulmonary circulation?

Accepted Answer

A)  left atrium 
B)  right ventricle 
C)  pulmonary arteries and veins 
D)  superior vena cava 
A)  left atrium 
B)  right ventricle 
C)  pulmonary arteries and veins 
D)  superior vena cava

Question 8

During a marathon which of the following hormones is least likely to be released by the runner?

Accepted Answer

A)  atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) 
B)  epinephrine 
C)  antidiuretic hormone (ADH) 
D)  angiotensin II 
A)  atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) 
B)  epinephrine 
C)  antidiuretic hormone (ADH) 
D)  angiotensin II

Question 9

Osmotic pressure is created by the presence in a fluid of small diffusible molecules that easily move through the capillary membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

List the major factors that are linked to essential hypertension and note which ones are controllable by the patient.

Accepted Answer

The factors are heredity, diet

Question 11

An obstruction in the superior vena cava would decrease the flow of blood from the head and neck to the heart.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Each of the following describes the action of aldosterone except one. Which of the following does NOT describe the activity of aldosterone hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)  It promotes an increase in blood pressure. 
B)  It will reduce urine output. 
C)  It will result in higher sodium levels in the urine. 
D)  It promotes an increase in sodium reabsorption from the kidney to the blood. 
A)  It promotes an increase in blood pressure. 
B)  It will reduce urine output. 
C)  It will result in higher sodium levels in the urine. 
D)  It promotes an increase in sodium reabsorption from the kidney to the blood.

Question 13

The term ductus venosus refers to__________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  a special fetal vessel that allows umbilical blood to bypass the liver 
B)  damage to the valves in the veins, leading to varicose veins 
C)  a condition of the aged in which the arteries lose elasticity 
D)  a fetal shunt that bypasses the lungs 
A)  a special fetal vessel that allows umbilical blood to bypass the liver 
B)  damage to the valves in the veins, leading to varicose veins 
C)  a condition of the aged in which the arteries lose elasticity 
D)  a fetal shunt that bypasses the lungs

Question 14

In general, it is expected that__________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  osmotic pressure will be higher in the arteriole end of the capillary bed compared to the venous end 
B)  hydrostatic pressure will remain constant throughout the capillary bed 
C)  osmotic pressure will remain relatively consistent throughout the capillary bed 
D)  osmotic pressure will be lower in the arteriole end of the capillary bed compared to the venous end 
A)  osmotic pressure will be higher in the arteriole end of the capillary bed compared to the venous end 
B)  hydrostatic pressure will remain constant throughout the capillary bed 
C)  osmotic pressure will remain relatively consistent throughout the capillary bed 
D)  osmotic pressure will be lower in the arteriole end of the capillary bed compared to the venous end

Question 15

Which structural layer of blood vessels is most responsible for maintaining blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  tunica intima 
B)  tunica externa 
C)  tunica media 
D)  subendothelial 
A)  tunica intima 
B)  tunica externa 
C)  tunica media 
D)  subendothelial

Question 16

The short-term controls of blood pressure, mediated by the nervous system and bloodborne chemicals, primarily operate via all but which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  reflex arcs involving baroreceptors 
B)  chemoreceptors 
C)  altering blood volume 
D)  reflex arcs associated with vasomotor fibers 
A)  reflex arcs involving baroreceptors 
B)  chemoreceptors 
C)  altering blood volume 
D)  reflex arcs associated with vasomotor fibers

Question 17

Which of the following would NOT result in the dilation of the feeder arterioles and opening of the precapillary sphincters in systemic capillary beds?

Accepted Answer

A)  a local increase in pH 
B)  an increase in local tissue carbon dioxide 
C)  a local increase in histamine 
D)  a decrease in local tissue oxygen content 
A)  a local increase in pH 
B)  an increase in local tissue carbon dioxide 
C)  a local increase in histamine 
D)  a decrease in local tissue oxygen content

Question 18

Vessels that carry blood away from the heart and are named by the organs they supply (renal) are __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  muscular arteries 
B)  capillaries 
C)  elastic arteries 
D)  arterioles 
A)  muscular arteries 
B)  capillaries 
C)  elastic arteries 
D)  arterioles

Question 19

Secondary hypertension can be caused by ___________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  stress 
B)  obesity 
C)  smoking 
D)  kidney disease 
A)  stress 
B)  obesity 
C)  smoking 
D)  kidney disease

Question 20

The cerebral arterial circle (circle of Willis) is an arterial anastomosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

A family of peptides called __________are released by the endothelium and are among the most potent vasoconstrictors known.

A person suddenly gaining significant amounts of adipose tissue can expect all of the following physiological changes except one. Which of the following is least likely to occur with a sudden and significant gain in adipose tissue?

Which of the following is a type of circulatory shock?

Which blood vessels lack elastic tissue?

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disease of blood vessels that is responsible for millions of deaths each year. Describe the disease process, noting the involvement of specific cell/tissue types and molecules.

Select the correct statement about factors that influence blood pressure.

Which of the following is least involved in pulmonary circulation?

During a marathon which of the following hormones is least likely to be released by the runner?

Osmotic pressure is created by the presence in a fluid of small diffusible molecules that easily move through the capillary membrane.

List the major factors that are linked to essential hypertension and note which ones are controllable by the patient.

An obstruction in the superior vena cava would decrease the flow of blood from the head and neck to the heart.

Each of the following describes the action of aldosterone except one. Which of the following does NOT describe the activity of aldosterone hormone?

The term ductus venosus refers to__________ .

In general, it is expected that__________ .

Which structural layer of blood vessels is most responsible for maintaining blood pressure?

The short-term controls of blood pressure, mediated by the nervous system and bloodborne chemicals, primarily operate via all but which of the following?

Which of the following would NOT result in the dilation of the feeder arterioles and opening of the precapillary sphincters in systemic capillary beds?

Vessels that carry blood away from the heart and are named by the organs they supply (renal) are __________.

Secondary hypertension can be caused by ___________ .

The cerebral arterial circle (circle of Willis) is an arterial anastomosis.

The Human Body: an Orientation

Chemistry Comes Alive

Cells: the Living Units

Tissue: the Living Fabric

The Integumentary System

Bones and Skeletal Tissues

The Skeleton

Joints

Muscles and Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity

The Autonomic Nervous System

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Lymphatic System and Lymphoid Organs and Tissues

Filters

Exam 19: The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

A family of peptides called __________are released by the endothelium and are among the most potent vasoconstrictors known.

A person suddenly gaining significant amounts of adipose tissue can expect all of the following physiological changes except one. Which of the following is least likely to occur with a sudden and significant gain in adipose tissue?

Which of the following is a type of circulatory shock?

Which blood vessels lack elastic tissue?

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disease of blood vessels that is responsible for millions of deaths each year. Describe the disease process, noting the involvement of specific cell/tissue types and molecules.

Select the correct statement about factors that influence blood pressure.

Which of the following is least involved in pulmonary circulation?

During a marathon which of the following hormones is least likely to be released by the runner?

Osmotic pressure is created by the presence in a fluid of small diffusible molecules that easily move through the capillary membrane.

List the major factors that are linked to essential hypertension and note which ones are controllable by the patient.

An obstruction in the superior vena cava would decrease the flow of blood from the head and neck to the heart.

Each of the following describes the action of aldosterone except one. Which of the following does NOT describe the activity of aldosterone hormone?

The term ductus venosus refers to__________ .

In general, it is expected that__________ .

Which structural layer of blood vessels is most responsible for maintaining blood pressure?

The short-term controls of blood pressure, mediated by the nervous system and bloodborne chemicals, primarily operate via all but which of the following?

Which of the following would NOT result in the dilation of the feeder arterioles and opening of the precapillary sphincters in systemic capillary beds?

Vessels that carry blood away from the heart and are named by the organs they supply (renal) are __________.

Secondary hypertension can be caused by ___________ .

The cerebral arterial circle (circle of Willis) is an arterial anastomosis.

The Human Body: an Orientation

Chemistry Comes Alive

Cells: the Living Units

Tissue: the Living Fabric

The Integumentary System

Bones and Skeletal Tissues

The Skeleton

Joints

Muscles and Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity

The Autonomic Nervous System

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Lymphatic System and Lymphoid Organs and Tissues

Filters