Exam 19: The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

Peripheral resistance ___________.

The aorta receives the full force of blood exiting the heart during ventricular systole. Which of the following statements best describes the adaptive anatomy of the aorta?

Consider the diameter of one 4-mm blood vessel and two 2-mm blood vessels. Would the two 2-mm vessels carry more, less, or the same amount of fluid, given that pressure is a constant? Why?

Reduction in the concentration of albumin in blood plasma would alter capillary exchange by__________ .

Which of the following contain oxygenated blood?

The mesenteric arteries branch off the abdominal aorta, but the mesenteric veins do not connect directly to the vena cava. Why?

Mrs. Gray, a 50-year-old mother of seven children, is complaining of dull, aching pains in her legs. She reports that they have been getting progressively worse since the birth of her last child. During her physical examination, numerous varicosities are seen in both legs. How are varicosities recognized? What veins are most likely involved? What pathologic changes have occurred in these veins, and what is the most likely cause in this patient's case?

The velocity of blood flow is ___________ .

Which of the following statements regarding the hepatic portal system is FALSE?

The baroreceptors in the carotid sinus and aortic arch are sensitive to which of the following?

An increase in blood viscosity will cause an increase in peripheral resistance.

Cerebral blood flow is regulated by __________.

If a person has lost a significant amount of blood but still maintains a normal blood pressure it does not necessarily mean that the person is maintaining adequate perfusion. Which of the following best explains why this is so?

Atherosclerosis causes elastic arteries to become less stretchy. How does this affect pulse pressure?

Permitting the exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue cells is the primary function of __________.

Mr. Wilson is a 45-year-old stockbroker with essential hypertension. He is African American, obese, and he smokes 2-3 packs of cigarettes daily. What risk factors for hypertension are typified by Mr. Wilson? What steps should be taken to treat Mr. Wilson, and what lifestyle changes should he make? What complications are likely if corrective steps are not taken?

A patient with essential hypertension might have pressures of 200/120 mm Hg. This hypertensive state could result in all of the following changes EXCEPT ___________.

The __________in the carotid sinuses and aortic arch detect increases in blood pressure.

Which of the following does NOT contribute to venous blood pressure?

The form of circulatory shock known as hypovolemic shock is__________ .