Question 1

Some non-A are not B. (T) Some non-A are B.

Accepted Answer

A)  Contradiction. (F) 
B)  Conversion. (Und.) 
C)  Subcontrary. (Und.) 
D)  Contraposition. (T) 
E)  Obversion. (T) 
A)  Contradiction. (F) 
B)  Conversion. (Und.) 
C)  Subcontrary. (Und.) 
D)  Contraposition. (T) 
E)  Obversion. (T)

Question 2

In Categorical Proposition 1F, the quality is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Affirmative. 
B)  Universal. 
C)  Are. 
D)  Negative. 
E)  Particular. 
A)  Affirmative. 
B)  Universal. 
C)  Are. 
D)  Negative. 
E)  Particular.

Question 3

It is false that some veterinarians are not animal lovers. Therefore, some veterinarians are animal lovers.

Accepted Answer

A)  Invalid, illicit conversion. 
B)  Invalid, illicit subcontrary. 
C)  Valid, no fallacy. 
D)  Invalid, illicit subalternation. 
E)  Invalid, existential fallacy. 
A)  Invalid, illicit conversion. 
B)  Invalid, illicit subcontrary. 
C)  Valid, no fallacy. 
D)  Invalid, illicit subalternation. 
E)  Invalid, existential fallacy.

Question 4

In each problem below, you are given a statement, its truth value in parentheses, and a new statement.  You must determine how the new statement is related to the given statement and determine the truth value of the new statement.  Take the Aristotelian standpoint and assume that ‘A’ and ‘B’ denote things that actually exist.
-Some A are B. (F) Some A are not B.

Accepted Answer

A)  Subcontrary. (Und.) 
B)  Conversion. (F) 
C)  Contradiction. (T) 
D)  Conversion. (T) 
E)  Subcontrary. (T) 
A)  Subcontrary. (Und.) 
B)  Conversion. (F) 
C)  Contradiction. (T) 
D)  Conversion. (T) 
E)  Subcontrary. (T)

Question 5

Some non-A are not B. (F) Contraposition

Accepted Answer

A)  Some B are not A. (F) 
B)  Some B are not non-A. (T) 
C)  Some non-B are not A. (F) 
D)  Some A are not non-B. (T) 
E)  Some non-B are non-A. (F) 
A)  Some B are not A. (F) 
B)  Some B are not non-A. (T) 
C)  Some non-B are not A. (F) 
D)  Some A are not non-B. (T) 
E)  Some non-B are non-A. (F)

Question 6

There is a statue in the yard.

Accepted Answer

A)  All statues are things in the yard. 
B)  No non-statues are things in the yard. 
C)  Some things in the yard are not statues. 
D)  Some statues are in the yard. 
E)  Some statues are things in the yard. 
A)  All statues are things in the yard. 
B)  No non-statues are things in the yard. 
C)  Some things in the yard are not statues. 
D)  Some statues are in the yard. 
E)  Some statues are things in the yard.

Question 7

If it's sweet, then she'll like it.

Accepted Answer

A)  No things she likes are things that are not sweet. 
B)  All persons identical to her like sweet things. 
C)  All things she likes are sweet things. 
D)  Some sweet things are things she likes. 
E)  All sweet things are things she likes. 
A)  No things she likes are things that are not sweet. 
B)  All persons identical to her like sweet things. 
C)  All things she likes are sweet things. 
D)  Some sweet things are things she likes. 
E)  All sweet things are things she likes.

Question 8

Vienna is not in Hungary.

Accepted Answer

A)  No cities identical to Vienna are cities in Hungary. 
B)  All cities identical to Vienna are not cities in Hungary. 
C)  Vienna is not a city in Hungary. 
D)  All countries identical to Hungary are not countries that contain Vienna. 
E)  Some cities identical to Vienna are not cities in Hungary. 
A)  No cities identical to Vienna are cities in Hungary. 
B)  All cities identical to Vienna are not cities in Hungary. 
C)  Vienna is not a city in Hungary. 
D)  All countries identical to Hungary are not countries that contain Vienna. 
E)  Some cities identical to Vienna are not cities in Hungary.

Question 9

All S are P. (Aristotelian standpoint)   After filling in the diagram,

Accepted Answer

A)  There is an X in Area 1. 
B)  Area 2 is shaded. 
C)  Area 1 is shaded, and there is a circled X in Area 2. 
D)  Area 3 is shaded. 
E)  Area 1 is shaded, and there are no other marks. 
A)  There is an X in Area 1. 
B)  Area 2 is shaded. 
C)  Area 1 is shaded, and there is a circled X in Area 2. 
D)  Area 3 is shaded. 
E)  Area 1 is shaded, and there are no other marks.

Question 10

All non-A are B. (F) Contraposition

Accepted Answer

A)  Some non-A are not B. (T) 
B)  All B are non-A. (Und.) 
C)  No non-A are B. (Und.) 
D)  All non-B are A. (F) 
E)  All A are non-B. (F) 
A)  Some non-A are not B. (T) 
B)  All B are non-A. (Und.) 
C)  No non-A are B. (Und.) 
D)  All non-B are A. (F) 
E)  All A are non-B. (F)

Some non-A are not B. (T) Some non-A are B.

In Categorical Proposition 1F, the quality is:

It is false that some veterinarians are not animal lovers. Therefore, some veterinarians are animal lovers.

Some non-A are not B. (F) Contraposition

There is a statue in the yard.

If it's sweet, then she'll like it.

Vienna is not in Hungary.

All S are P. (Aristotelian standpoint) After filling in the diagram,

All non-A are B. (F) Contraposition

Basic Concepts

Language: Meaning and Definition

Informal Fallacies

Categorical Syllogisms

Propositional Logic

Natural Deduction in Propositional Logic

Predicate Logic

Analogy and Legal and Moral Reasoning

Causality and Mills Methods

Probability

Statistical Reasoning

Hypotheticalscientific Reasoning

Science and Superstition

Filters

Exam 4: Categorical Propositions

Some non-A are not B. (T) Some non-A are B.

In Categorical Proposition 1F, the quality is:

It is false that some veterinarians are not animal lovers. Therefore, some veterinarians are animal lovers.

Some non-A are not B. (F) Contraposition

There is a statue in the yard.

If it's sweet, then she'll like it.

Vienna is not in Hungary.

All S are P. (Aristotelian standpoint) After filling in the diagram,

All non-A are B. (F) Contraposition

Basic Concepts

Language: Meaning and Definition

Informal Fallacies

Categorical Syllogisms

Propositional Logic

Natural Deduction in Propositional Logic

Predicate Logic

Analogy and Legal and Moral Reasoning

Causality and Mills Methods

Probability

Statistical Reasoning

Hypotheticalscientific Reasoning

Science and Superstition

Filters