Question 1

Vaccination increases the number of

Accepted Answer

A)  different receptors that recognize a pathogen. 
B)  lymphocytes with receptors that can bind to the pathogen. 
C)  epitopes that the immune system can recognize. 
D)  MHC molecules that can present an antigen. 
A)  different receptors that recognize a pathogen. 
B)  lymphocytes with receptors that can bind to the pathogen. 
C)  epitopes that the immune system can recognize. 
D)  MHC molecules that can present an antigen.

Question 2

An immune response to a tissue graft will differ from an immune response to a bacterium because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  MHC molecules of the donor may stimulate rejection of the graft tissue, but bacteria lack MHC molecules 
B)  the tissue graft, unlike the bacterium, is isolated from the circulation and will not enter into an immune response 
C)  a bacterium cannot escape the immune system by replicating inside normal body cells 
D)  the graft will stimulate an autoimmune response in the recipient 
A)  MHC molecules of the donor may stimulate rejection of the graft tissue, but bacteria lack MHC molecules 
B)  the tissue graft, unlike the bacterium, is isolated from the circulation and will not enter into an immune response 
C)  a bacterium cannot escape the immune system by replicating inside normal body cells 
D)  the graft will stimulate an autoimmune response in the recipient

Question 3

Which of the following should be the same in identical twins?

Accepted Answer

A)  the set of antibodies produced 
B)  the set of major histocompatibility (MH
C)  molecules produced 
C)  the set of T cell antigen receptors produced 
D)  the susceptibility to a particular virus 
A)  the set of antibodies produced 
B)  the set of major histocompatibility (MH
C)  molecules produced 
C)  the set of T cell antigen receptors produced 
D)  the susceptibility to a particular virus

Question 4

Which statement best describes the difference between responses of effector B cells (plasma cells) and those of cytotoxic T cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  B cells confer active immunity; cytotoxic T cells confer passive immunity. 
B)  B cells respond the first time a pathogen is present; cytotoxic T cells respond subsequent times. 
C)  B cells secrete antibodies against a pathogen; cytotoxic T cells kill pathogen-infected host cells. 
D)  B cells carry out the cell-mediated response; cytotoxic T cells carry out the humoral response. 
A)  B cells confer active immunity; cytotoxic T cells confer passive immunity. 
B)  B cells respond the first time a pathogen is present; cytotoxic T cells respond subsequent times. 
C)  B cells secrete antibodies against a pathogen; cytotoxic T cells kill pathogen-infected host cells. 
D)  B cells carry out the cell-mediated response; cytotoxic T cells carry out the humoral response.

Question 5

Which of the following statements is not true?

Accepted Answer

A)  An antibody has more than one antigen-binding site. 
B)  A lymphocyte has receptors for multiple different antigens. 
C)  An antigen can have different epitopes. 
D)  A liver or muscle cell makes one class of MHC molecule. 
A)  An antibody has more than one antigen-binding site. 
B)  A lymphocyte has receptors for multiple different antigens. 
C)  An antigen can have different epitopes. 
D)  A liver or muscle cell makes one class of MHC molecule.

Question 6

The switch of one B cell from producing one class of antibody to another class of antibody that is responsive to the same antigen is due to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the rearrangement of V region genes in that clone of responsive B cells 
B)  a switch in the kind of antigen-presenting cell that is involved in the immune response 
C)  a patient's reaction to the first kind of antibody made by the plasma cells 
D)  the rearrangement of immunoglobulin heavy-chain C region DNA 
A)  the rearrangement of V region genes in that clone of responsive B cells 
B)  a switch in the kind of antigen-presenting cell that is involved in the immune response 
C)  a patient's reaction to the first kind of antibody made by the plasma cells 
D)  the rearrangement of immunoglobulin heavy-chain C region DNA

Question 7

________ is a characteristic of adaptive immunity but not innate immunity.

Accepted Answer

A)  Memory 
B)  Inflammation 
C)  Interferons 
D)  Lysozyme 
A)  Memory 
B)  Inflammation 
C)  Interferons 
D)  Lysozyme

Question 8

Acidity in human sweat is an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  cell-mediated immune responses 
B)  acquired immunity 
C)  adaptive immunity 
D)  innate immunity 
A)  cell-mediated immune responses 
B)  acquired immunity 
C)  adaptive immunity 
D)  innate immunity

Question 9

CD4 and CD8 are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  proteins secreted by antigen-presenting cells 
B)  receptors present on the surface of natural killer cells 
C)  molecules present on the surface of T cells where they interact with major histocompatibility (MH
C)  molecules 
D)  molecules on the surface of antigen-presenting cells where they enhance B cell activity 
A)  proteins secreted by antigen-presenting cells 
B)  receptors present on the surface of natural killer cells 
C)  molecules present on the surface of T cells where they interact with major histocompatibility (MH
C)  molecules 
D)  molecules on the surface of antigen-presenting cells where they enhance B cell activity

Exam 43: The Immune System

Vaccination increases the number of

An immune response to a tissue graft will differ from an immune response to a bacterium because ________.

Which of the following should be the same in identical twins?

Which statement best describes the difference between responses of effector B cells (plasma cells) and those of cytotoxic T cells?

Which of the following statements is not true?

The switch of one B cell from producing one class of antibody to another class of antibody that is responsive to the same antigen is due to ________.

________ is a characteristic of adaptive immunity but not innate immunity.

Acidity in human sweat is an example of ________.

CD4 and CD8 are ________.

Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

DNA Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behavior

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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