Question 1

Ticks are parasites that obtain nutrients by ingesting blood from a host animal. Ticks would be classified as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  filter feeders 
B)  substrate feeders 
C)  fluid feeders 
D)  bulk feeders 
A)  filter feeders 
B)  substrate feeders 
C)  fluid feeders 
D)  bulk feeders C

Question 2

Over-the-counter medications for acid reflux or heartburn block the production of stomach acid. Which of the following cells are directly affected by this medication?

Accepted Answer

A)  goblet cells 
B)  chief cells 
C)  parietal cells 
D)  smooth muscle cells 
A)  goblet cells 
B)  chief cells 
C)  parietal cells 
D)  smooth muscle cells C

Question 3

Which of the following is not a major activity of the stomach?

Accepted Answer

A)  storage 
B)  HCl production 
C)  nutrient absorption 
D)  enzyme secretion 
A)  storage 
B)  HCl production 
C)  nutrient absorption 
D)  enzyme secretion C

Question 4

A relatively long cecum is characteristic of animals that are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  carnivores 
B)  herbivores 
C)  autotrophs 
D)  omnivores 
A)  carnivores 
B)  herbivores 
C)  autotrophs 
D)  omnivores

Question 5

What is the importance of the mucus that are released by salivary glands?

Accepted Answer

A)  They aid in degradation of triglycerides to fatty acids and monoglycerides. 
B)  They are beginning the process of starch digestion. 
C)  They are hormonal molecules that stimulate the release of gastric juice by the stomach in anticipation of receipt of the contents of the mouth. 
D)  They are glycoproteins that make food slippery enough to slide easily through the esophagus. 
A)  They aid in degradation of triglycerides to fatty acids and monoglycerides. 
B)  They are beginning the process of starch digestion. 
C)  They are hormonal molecules that stimulate the release of gastric juice by the stomach in anticipation of receipt of the contents of the mouth. 
D)  They are glycoproteins that make food slippery enough to slide easily through the esophagus.

Question 6

Fat digestion yields fatty acids and glycerol. Protein digestion yields amino acids. Both digestive processes

Accepted Answer

A)  occur inside cells in most animals. 
B)  add a water molecule to break bonds. 
C)  require a low pH resulting from HCl production. 
D)  consume ATP. 
A)  occur inside cells in most animals. 
B)  add a water molecule to break bonds. 
C)  require a low pH resulting from HCl production. 
D)  consume ATP.

Question 7

In the digestive system, peristalsis is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a process of fat emulsification in the small intestine 
B)  voluntary control of the rectal sphincters regulating defecation 
C)  the transport of nutrients to the liver through the hepatic portal vessel 
D)  smooth muscle contractions that move food along the esophagus 
A)  a process of fat emulsification in the small intestine 
B)  voluntary control of the rectal sphincters regulating defecation 
C)  the transport of nutrients to the liver through the hepatic portal vessel 
D)  smooth muscle contractions that move food along the esophagus

Question 8

Examine the digestive system structures in the figure. Bacteria that produce vitamins are found in the greatest concentration in location ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  3 
B)  4 
C)  5 
D)  8 
A)  3 
B)  4 
C)  5 
D)  8

Question 9

Food being digested in the stomach is in a highly acidic environment. When the food is released from the stomach into the small intestine, why is the environment no longer acidic?

Accepted Answer

A)  Secretin increases the flow of bicarbonate ions from the pancreas into the small intestine to neutralize the stomach acid. 
B)  Trypsinogen is activated, thus neutralizing the stomach acid. 
C)  Bile salts from the gallbladder neutralize the stomach acid. 
D)  When pepsinogen activates pepsin, one result is the neutralization of stomach acid in the stomach. 
A)  Secretin increases the flow of bicarbonate ions from the pancreas into the small intestine to neutralize the stomach acid. 
B)  Trypsinogen is activated, thus neutralizing the stomach acid. 
C)  Bile salts from the gallbladder neutralize the stomach acid. 
D)  When pepsinogen activates pepsin, one result is the neutralization of stomach acid in the stomach.

Question 10

Coprophagy is important for the nutritional balance of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  ruminants such as cows 
B)  insects and arthropods 
C)  rabbits and their relatives 
D)  squirrels and some rodents 
A)  ruminants such as cows 
B)  insects and arthropods 
C)  rabbits and their relatives 
D)  squirrels and some rodents

Question 11

In a healthy person, after a carbohydrate-rich meal, the production of ________ will increase, causing the uptake of ________ from the blood into liver cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  insulin; glucagon 
B)  glucagon; protein 
C)  glucagon; glucose 
D)  insulin; glucose 
A)  insulin; glucagon 
B)  glucagon; protein 
C)  glucagon; glucose 
D)  insulin; glucose

Question 12

If a mammal did not obtain enough iodine in its diet, you might expect ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a decreased ability to produce thyroid hormones 
B)  a decrease in enzyme function 
C)  the animal to have weak bones 
D)  a decrease in muscle function 
A)  a decreased ability to produce thyroid hormones 
B)  a decrease in enzyme function 
C)  the animal to have weak bones 
D)  a decrease in muscle function

Question 13

After surgical removal of the gallbladder, a person might need to limit his or her dietary intake of

Accepted Answer

A)  starch. 
B)  protein. 
C)  sugar. 
D)  fat. 
A)  starch. 
B)  protein. 
C)  sugar. 
D)  fat.

Question 14

Lysine is an essential amino acid for animals. If an animal did not consume lysine in its diet, you might expect that the animal ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  would make lysine from other amino acids 
B)  could not effectively make many necessary proteins 
C)  was a carnivore 
D)  would be very healthy 
A)  would make lysine from other amino acids 
B)  could not effectively make many necessary proteins 
C)  was a carnivore 
D)  would be very healthy

Question 15

Because the foods eaten by animals are often composed largely of macromolecules, animals need to have mechanisms for ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  dehydration synthesis 
B)  enzymatic hydrolysis 
C)  regurgitation 
D)  demineralization 
A)  dehydration synthesis 
B)  enzymatic hydrolysis 
C)  regurgitation 
D)  demineralization

Question 16

The absorption of fats differs from that of carbohydrates in that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  fat absorption primarily occurs in the stomach, whereas carbohydrates are absorbed from the small intestine 
B)  carbohydrates need to be emulsified before they can be digested, whereas fats do not 
C)  most absorbed fat first enters the lymphatic system, whereas carbohydrates directly enter the blood 
D)  fats, but not carbohydrates, are digested by bacteria before absorption 
A)  fat absorption primarily occurs in the stomach, whereas carbohydrates are absorbed from the small intestine 
B)  carbohydrates need to be emulsified before they can be digested, whereas fats do not 
C)  most absorbed fat first enters the lymphatic system, whereas carbohydrates directly enter the blood 
D)  fats, but not carbohydrates, are digested by bacteria before absorption

Question 17

Examine the digestive system structures in the figure. The highest rate of nutrient absorption occurs at location ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  4 
C)  5 
D)  8 
A)  1 
B)  4 
C)  5 
D)  8

Question 18

Feelings of hunger can be stimulated by the hormone ________, but suppressed by the hormone ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  insulin; glucagon 
B)  secretin; gastrin 
C)  pepsin; trypsin 
D)  ghrelin; PYY 
A)  insulin; glucagon 
B)  secretin; gastrin 
C)  pepsin; trypsin 
D)  ghrelin; PYY

Question 19

Which of the following is a difference between vitamins and minerals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vitamins are involved in regulating enzyme activity, but minerals are not. 
B)  Vitamins are organic molecules, but minerals are inorganic molecules. 
C)  Minerals are obtained by an animal through dietary sources, but vitamins are made by the animal. 
D)  Vitamins and minerals are only obtained by digesting plants. 
A)  Vitamins are involved in regulating enzyme activity, but minerals are not. 
B)  Vitamins are organic molecules, but minerals are inorganic molecules. 
C)  Minerals are obtained by an animal through dietary sources, but vitamins are made by the animal. 
D)  Vitamins and minerals are only obtained by digesting plants.

Question 20

If you put the following events in the order they occur in the human digestive system, the third event in the series would be:

Accepted Answer

A)  Cells in gastric pits secrete protons. 
B)  Pepsin activates pepsinogen. 
C)  HCl activates pepsinogen. 
D)  Partially digested food enters the small intestine. 
A)  Cells in gastric pits secrete protons. 
B)  Pepsin activates pepsinogen. 
C)  HCl activates pepsinogen. 
D)  Partially digested food enters the small intestine.

Exam 41: Animal Nutrition

Ticks are parasites that obtain nutrients by ingesting blood from a host animal. Ticks would be classified as ________.

Over-the-counter medications for acid reflux or heartburn block the production of stomach acid. Which of the following cells are directly affected by this medication?

Which of the following is not a major activity of the stomach?

A relatively long cecum is characteristic of animals that are ________.

What is the importance of the mucus that are released by salivary glands?

Fat digestion yields fatty acids and glycerol. Protein digestion yields amino acids. Both digestive processes

In the digestive system, peristalsis is ________.

Examine the digestive system structures in the figure. Bacteria that produce vitamins are found in the greatest concentration in location ________.

Food being digested in the stomach is in a highly acidic environment. When the food is released from the stomach into the small intestine, why is the environment no longer acidic?

Coprophagy is important for the nutritional balance of ________.

In a healthy person, after a carbohydrate-rich meal, the production of ________ will increase, causing the uptake of ________ from the blood into liver cells.

If a mammal did not obtain enough iodine in its diet, you might expect ________.

After surgical removal of the gallbladder, a person might need to limit his or her dietary intake of

Lysine is an essential amino acid for animals. If an animal did not consume lysine in its diet, you might expect that the animal ________.

Because the foods eaten by animals are often composed largely of macromolecules, animals need to have mechanisms for ________.

The absorption of fats differs from that of carbohydrates in that ________.

Examine the digestive system structures in the figure. The highest rate of nutrient absorption occurs at location ________.

Feelings of hunger can be stimulated by the hormone ________, but suppressed by the hormone ________.

Which of the following is a difference between vitamins and minerals?

If you put the following events in the order they occur in the human digestive system, the third event in the series would be:

Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

DNA Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behavior

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

Filters

In a healthy person, after a carbohydrate-rich meal, the production of will increase, causing the uptake of from the blood into liver cells.

Feelings of hunger can be stimulated by the hormone , but suppressed by the hormone .