Question 1

Which one of the following ions plays a critical role in the opening and closing of stomata?

Accepted Answer

A)  H⁺ 
B)  Na⁺ 
C)  K⁺ 
D)  Ca⁺² 
A)  H⁺ 
B)  Na⁺ 
C)  K⁺ 
D)  Ca⁺²

Question 2

Which structure or compartment is part of the symplast?

Accepted Answer

A)  the interior of a vessel element 
B)  the interior of a sieve tube 
C)  the cell wall of a mesophyll cell 
D)  an extracellular air space 
A)  the interior of a vessel element 
B)  the interior of a sieve tube 
C)  the cell wall of a mesophyll cell 
D)  an extracellular air space

Question 3

If you place flaccid plant cells in pure water, water ________ into cell because it has ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  does not enter the cell; solutes and low water potential 
B)  enter the cell; solutes and low water potential 
C)  enter the cell; solutes and high water potential 
D)  does not enter the cell; solutes and high water potential 
A)  does not enter the cell; solutes and low water potential 
B)  enter the cell; solutes and low water potential 
C)  enter the cell; solutes and high water potential 
D)  does not enter the cell; solutes and high water potential

Question 4

Which of the following is an adaptation that enhances the uptake of water and minerals by roots?

Accepted Answer

A)  mycorrhizae 
B)  pumping through plasmodesmata 
C)  active uptake by vessel elements 
D)  rhythmic contractions by cells in the root cortex 
A)  mycorrhizae 
B)  pumping through plasmodesmata 
C)  active uptake by vessel elements 
D)  rhythmic contractions by cells in the root cortex

Question 5

Bulk flow is much faster than diffusion or active transport. Peak velocities in the transport of xylem sap can range from ________ for trees with wide vessel elements.

Accepted Answer

A)  10-20 m/hr 
B)  15-45 m/hr 
C)  5-10 m/hr 
D)  >50 m/hr 
A)  10-20 m/hr 
B)  15-45 m/hr 
C)  5-10 m/hr 
D)  >50 m/hr

Question 6

A water molecule could move all the way through a plant from soil to root to leaf to air and pass through a living cell only once. This living cell would be a part of which structure?

Accepted Answer

A)  a guard cell 
B)  the root epidermis 
C)  the endodermis 
D)  the root cortex 
A)  a guard cell 
B)  the root epidermis 
C)  the endodermis 
D)  the root cortex

Question 7

Plants adapted to arid environments are referred to as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  mesophytes 
B)  xerophytes 
C)  psilophytes 
D)  halophytes 
A)  mesophytes 
B)  xerophytes 
C)  psilophytes 
D)  halophytes

Question 8

Movement of phloem sap from a source to a sink

Accepted Answer

A)  occurs through the apoplast of sieve-tube elements. 
B)  depends ultimately on the activity of proton pumps. 
C)  depends on tension, or negative pressure potential. 
D)  results mainly from diffusion. 
A)  occurs through the apoplast of sieve-tube elements. 
B)  depends ultimately on the activity of proton pumps. 
C)  depends on tension, or negative pressure potential. 
D)  results mainly from diffusion.

Question 9

The water lost during transpiration is a side effect of the plant's exchange of gases. However, the plant derives some benefit from this water loss in the form of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  increased turgor and increased growth 
B)  mineral transport and increased growth 
C)  evaporative cooling and increased turgor 
D)  evaporative cooling and mineral transport 
A)  increased turgor and increased growth 
B)  mineral transport and increased growth 
C)  evaporative cooling and increased turgor 
D)  evaporative cooling and mineral transport

Question 10

Most of the water taken up by a plant is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  used as a solvent 
B)  used as a hydrogen source in photosynthesis 
C)  lost during transpiration 
D)  used to keep cells turgid 
A)  used as a solvent 
B)  used as a hydrogen source in photosynthesis 
C)  lost during transpiration 
D)  used to keep cells turgid

Question 11

Which of the following is a net sugar source for a deciduous angiosperm tree?

Accepted Answer

A)  new leaves in early spring 
B)  fruits in summer 
C)  roots in early spring 
D)  roots in early autumn 
A)  new leaves in early spring 
B)  fruits in summer 
C)  roots in early spring 
D)  roots in early autumn

Question 12

The apoplast in plant tissues consists of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  cell walls, extracellular spaces, and plasmodesmata 
B)  cell walls, extracellular spaces, and vessel elements 
C)  vessel elements, plasmodesmata, and extracellular spaces 
D)  cell walls, plasma membrane, and cytosol 
A)  cell walls, extracellular spaces, and plasmodesmata 
B)  cell walls, extracellular spaces, and vessel elements 
C)  vessel elements, plasmodesmata, and extracellular spaces 
D)  cell walls, plasma membrane, and cytosol

Question 13

Several tomato plants are growing in a small garden plot. If soil water potential were to drop significantly on a hot, summer afternoon, which of the following would most likely occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Size of stomatal openings would decrease. 
B)  Transpiration would increase. 
C)  The leaves would become more turgid. 
D)  The uptake of carbon dioxide would be enhanced. 
A)  Size of stomatal openings would decrease. 
B)  Transpiration would increase. 
C)  The leaves would become more turgid. 
D)  The uptake of carbon dioxide would be enhanced.

Question 14

During the nighttime, due to lack of transpiration, the water potential within the vascular cylinder ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  lowers due to accumulation of minerals 
B)  increases due to accumulation of minerals 
C)  lowers due to loss of minerals 
D)  increases due to loss of minerals 
A)  lowers due to accumulation of minerals 
B)  increases due to accumulation of minerals 
C)  lowers due to loss of minerals 
D)  increases due to loss of minerals

Exam 36: Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Which one of the following ions plays a critical role in the opening and closing of stomata?

Which structure or compartment is part of the symplast?

If you place flaccid plant cells in pure water, water ________ into cell because it has ________.

Which of the following is an adaptation that enhances the uptake of water and minerals by roots?

Bulk flow is much faster than diffusion or active transport. Peak velocities in the transport of xylem sap can range from ________ for trees with wide vessel elements.

A water molecule could move all the way through a plant from soil to root to leaf to air and pass through a living cell only once. This living cell would be a part of which structure?

Plants adapted to arid environments are referred to as ________.

Movement of phloem sap from a source to a sink

The water lost during transpiration is a side effect of the plant's exchange of gases. However, the plant derives some benefit from this water loss in the form of ________.

Most of the water taken up by a plant is ________.

Which of the following is a net sugar source for a deciduous angiosperm tree?

The apoplast in plant tissues consists of ________.

Several tomato plants are growing in a small garden plot. If soil water potential were to drop significantly on a hot, summer afternoon, which of the following would most likely occur?

During the nighttime, due to lack of transpiration, the water potential within the vascular cylinder ________.

Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

DNA Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behavior

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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