Question 1

Ignoring all other factors, what kind of day would result in the fastest delivery of water and minerals to the leaves of an oak tree?

Accepted Answer

A)  a cool, dry day 
B)  a very hot, dry, windy day 
C)  a warm, humid day 
D)  a cool, humid day 
A)  a cool, dry day 
B)  a very hot, dry, windy day 
C)  a warm, humid day 
D)  a cool, humid day

Question 2

The plant hormone ________ causes stomatal closures in drought stress conditions.

Accepted Answer

A)  indole-3-acetic acid 
B)  gibberellin 
C)  abscisic acid (AB
A)  
D)  ethylene 
A)  indole-3-acetic acid 
B)  gibberellin 
C)  abscisic acid (AB
A)  
D)  ethylene

Question 3

The value for Ψ in root tissue was found to be -0.15 MPa. If you take the root tissue and place it in a 0.1 M solution of sucrose (Ψ = -0.23 MPa), the net water flow would ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  be from the tissue into the sucrose solution 
B)  be from the sucrose solution into the tissue 
C)  be in both directions, and the concentration of water would remain equal 
D)  be impossible to determine from the values given here 
A)  be from the tissue into the sucrose solution 
B)  be from the sucrose solution into the tissue 
C)  be in both directions, and the concentration of water would remain equal 
D)  be impossible to determine from the values given here

Question 4

The value for Ψ in root tissue was found to be -0.15 MPa. If you take the root tissue and place it in a 0.1 M solution of sucrose (Ψ = -0.23 MPa), the net water flow would ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  be from the tissue into the sucrose solution 
B)  be from the sucrose solution into the tissue 
C)  be in both directions and the concentrations would remain equal 
D)  occur only as ATP was hydrolyzed in the tissue 
A)  be from the tissue into the sucrose solution 
B)  be from the sucrose solution into the tissue 
C)  be in both directions and the concentrations would remain equal 
D)  occur only as ATP was hydrolyzed in the tissue

Question 5

The movement of water across biological membranes can best be predicted by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  prevailing weather conditions 
B)  aquaporins 
C)  level of active transport 
D)  water potentials 
A)  prevailing weather conditions 
B)  aquaporins 
C)  level of active transport 
D)  water potentials

Question 6

What is the function of proton pumps localized in the plant plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  to transfer phosphorus groups from ATP to proteins 
B)  to transfer metal ions across the plasma membrane 
C)  to transfer anions across the plasma membrane 
D)  to create a membrane potential 
A)  to transfer phosphorus groups from ATP to proteins 
B)  to transfer metal ions across the plasma membrane 
C)  to transfer anions across the plasma membrane 
D)  to create a membrane potential

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct statement about sugar movement in phloem?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diffusion can account for the observed rates of transport. 
B)  Movement can occur both upward and downward in the plant. 
C)  Sugar is translocated from sinks to sources. 
D)  Only phloem cells with nuclei can perform sugar movement. 
A)  Diffusion can account for the observed rates of transport. 
B)  Movement can occur both upward and downward in the plant. 
C)  Sugar is translocated from sinks to sources. 
D)  Only phloem cells with nuclei can perform sugar movement.

Question 8

Which of the following supports the finding that sugar translocation in phloem is an active (energy-requiring) process?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sucrose occurs in higher concentrations in companion cells than in the mesophyll cells where it is produced. 
B)  Movement of water occurs from xylem to phloem and back again. 
C)  Strong pH differences exist between the cytoplasm of the companion cell and the mesophyll cell. 
D)  ATPases are abundant in the plasma membranes of the mesophyll cells. 
A)  Sucrose occurs in higher concentrations in companion cells than in the mesophyll cells where it is produced. 
B)  Movement of water occurs from xylem to phloem and back again. 
C)  Strong pH differences exist between the cytoplasm of the companion cell and the mesophyll cell. 
D)  ATPases are abundant in the plasma membranes of the mesophyll cells.

Question 9

Why do most angiosperms have alternate phyllotaxy, with leaf emergence at an angle of 137.5° compared to leaves above and below?

Accepted Answer

A)  to allow maximum exposure to light 
B)  to promote a leaf area index above 8 
C)  to reduce shading of lower leaves 
D)  to allow maximum exposure to light and to reduce shading of lower leaves 
A)  to allow maximum exposure to light 
B)  to promote a leaf area index above 8 
C)  to reduce shading of lower leaves 
D)  to allow maximum exposure to light and to reduce shading of lower leaves

Question 10

Which one of the following played a critical role in the successful colonization of land by plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  ground tissue 
B)  bacterial association 
C)  mycorrhizae 
D)  cuticle on leaf surface 
A)  ground tissue 
B)  bacterial association 
C)  mycorrhizae 
D)  cuticle on leaf surface

Question 11

Active transport of amino acids in plants at the cellular level requires ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  NADP and channel proteins 
B)  xylem membranes and channel proteins 
C)  sodium/potassium pumps and xylem membranes 
D)  ATP, transport proteins, and a proton gradient 
A)  NADP and channel proteins 
B)  xylem membranes and channel proteins 
C)  sodium/potassium pumps and xylem membranes 
D)  ATP, transport proteins, and a proton gradient

Question 12

Loss of water from the aerial parts of plants is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  dehydration 
B)  respiration 
C)  gas exchange 
D)  transpiration 
A)  dehydration 
B)  respiration 
C)  gas exchange 
D)  transpiration

Question 13

Which of the following would tend to increase transpiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  spiny leaves 
B)  sunken stomata 
C)  a thicker cuticle 
D)  higher stomatal density 
A)  spiny leaves 
B)  sunken stomata 
C)  a thicker cuticle 
D)  higher stomatal density

Question 14

Which of the following are important components of the long-distance transport process in plants?
I.the cohesion of water molecules
II.a negative water potential
III.the root parenchyma
IV.the active transport of solutes
V.bulk flow from source to sink

Accepted Answer

A)  II, III, IV, and V 
B)  I, III, IV, and V 
C)  I, II, IV, and V 
D)  I, II, III, and V 
A)  II, III, IV, and V 
B)  I, III, IV, and V 
C)  I, II, IV, and V 
D)  I, II, III, and V

Question 15

Compared to a cell with few aquaporins in its membrane, a cell containing many aquaporins will ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  have a faster rate of osmosis 
B)  have a lower water potential 
C)  have a higher water potential 
D)  have a faster rate of active transport 
A)  have a faster rate of osmosis 
B)  have a lower water potential 
C)  have a higher water potential 
D)  have a faster rate of active transport

Question 16

What would enhance water uptake by a plant cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  decreasing the Ψ of the surrounding solution 
B)  positive pressure on the surrounding solution 
C)  the loss of solutes from the cell 
D)  increasing the Ψ of the cytoplasm 
A)  decreasing the Ψ of the surrounding solution 
B)  positive pressure on the surrounding solution 
C)  the loss of solutes from the cell 
D)  increasing the Ψ of the cytoplasm

Question 17

The high surface-to-volume ratio in leaves aids in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  more light absorption 
B)  less light absorption 
C)  CO₂ absorption 
D)  transpiration 
A)  more light absorption 
B)  less light absorption 
C)  CO₂ absorption 
D)  transpiration

Question 18

In the pressure-flow mechanism, loading of sucrose from companion cells to sieve-tube elements takes place through ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  plasmodesmata 
B)  facilitated diffusion 
C)  sucrose-H⁺ symporters 
D)  sucrose-H⁺ antiporters 
A)  plasmodesmata 
B)  facilitated diffusion 
C)  sucrose-H⁺ symporters 
D)  sucrose-H⁺ antiporters

Question 19

Transpiration in plants requires ________.
I.adhesion of water molecules to cellulose
II.cohesion between water molecules
III.evaporation of water molecules
IV.active transport through xylem cells
V.transport through tracheids

Accepted Answer

A)  I, III, IV, and V 
B)  I, II, IV, and V 
C)  I, II, III, and V 
D)  I, II, III, and IV 
A)  I, III, IV, and V 
B)  I, II, IV, and V 
C)  I, II, III, and V 
D)  I, II, III, and IV

Question 20

What is the main force by which most of the water within xylem vessels moves toward the top of a tree?

Accepted Answer

A)  active transport of ions into the stele 
B)  evaporation of water through stoma 
C)  the force of root pressure 
D)  osmosis in the root 
A)  active transport of ions into the stele 
B)  evaporation of water through stoma 
C)  the force of root pressure 
D)  osmosis in the root

Exam 36: Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Ignoring all other factors, what kind of day would result in the fastest delivery of water and minerals to the leaves of an oak tree?

The plant hormone ________ causes stomatal closures in drought stress conditions.

The value for Ψ in root tissue was found to be -0.15 MPa. If you take the root tissue and place it in a 0.1 M solution of sucrose (Ψ = -0.23 MPa), the net water flow would ________.

The value for Ψ in root tissue was found to be -0.15 MPa. If you take the root tissue and place it in a 0.1 M solution of sucrose (Ψ = -0.23 MPa), the net water flow would ________.

The movement of water across biological membranes can best be predicted by ________.

What is the function of proton pumps localized in the plant plasma membrane?

Which of the following is a correct statement about sugar movement in phloem?

Which of the following supports the finding that sugar translocation in phloem is an active (energy-requiring) process?

Why do most angiosperms have alternate phyllotaxy, with leaf emergence at an angle of 137.5° compared to leaves above and below?

Which one of the following played a critical role in the successful colonization of land by plants?

Active transport of amino acids in plants at the cellular level requires ________.

Loss of water from the aerial parts of plants is called ________.

Which of the following would tend to increase transpiration?

Which of the following are important components of the long-distance transport process in plants? I.the cohesion of water molecules II.a negative water potential III.the root parenchyma IV.the active transport of solutes V.bulk flow from source to sink

Compared to a cell with few aquaporins in its membrane, a cell containing many aquaporins will ________.

What would enhance water uptake by a plant cell?

The high surface-to-volume ratio in leaves aids in ________.

In the pressure-flow mechanism, loading of sucrose from companion cells to sieve-tube elements takes place through ________.

Transpiration in plants requires ________. I.adhesion of water molecules to cellulose II.cohesion between water molecules III.evaporation of water molecules IV.active transport through xylem cells V.transport through tracheids

What is the main force by which most of the water within xylem vessels moves toward the top of a tree?

Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

DNA Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behavior

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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