Question 1

Which of the following is the smallest structure that would most likely be visible with a standard (not super-resolution) research-grade light microscope?

Accepted Answer

A)  mitochondrion 
B)  microtubule 
C)  ribosome 
D)  virus 
A)  mitochondrion 
B)  microtubule 
C)  ribosome 
D)  virus

Question 2

If plant cells are grown on media containing radioactively labeled thymine for one generation, radioactively labeled macromolecules will be detected in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  only in the nucleus 
B)  only in the nucleus and mitochondria 
C)  only in the nucleus and chloroplasts 
D)  in the nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts 
A)  only in the nucleus 
B)  only in the nucleus and mitochondria 
C)  only in the nucleus and chloroplasts 
D)  in the nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts

Question 3

Which of the following is a major difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prokaryotic cells have cell walls, while eukaryotic cells do not. 
B)  Eukaryotic cells have flagella, while prokaryotic cells do not. 
C)  Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not. 
D)  Prokaryotic cells are generally larger than eukaryotic cells. 
A)  Prokaryotic cells have cell walls, while eukaryotic cells do not. 
B)  Eukaryotic cells have flagella, while prokaryotic cells do not. 
C)  Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not. 
D)  Prokaryotic cells are generally larger than eukaryotic cells.

Question 4

A mutation that disrupts the ability of an animal cell to add polysaccharide modifications to proteins would most likely cause defects in which of the following organelles or structures?

Accepted Answer

A)  nuclear matrix and extracellular matrix 
B)  mitochondria and Golgi apparatus 
C)  Golgi apparatus and extracellular matrix 
D)  nuclear pores and secretory vesicles 
A)  nuclear matrix and extracellular matrix 
B)  mitochondria and Golgi apparatus 
C)  Golgi apparatus and extracellular matrix 
D)  nuclear pores and secretory vesicles

Question 5

Which of the following frequently imposes a limit on cell size?

Accepted Answer

A)  the absence of a nucleus 
B)  the number of mitochondria in the cytoplasm 
C)  ratios of surface area to volume 
D)  the volume of the endomembrane system 
A)  the absence of a nucleus 
B)  the number of mitochondria in the cytoplasm 
C)  ratios of surface area to volume 
D)  the volume of the endomembrane system

Question 6

The cell walls of bacteria, fungi, and plant cells, and the extracellular matrix of animal cells are all external to the plasma membrane. Which of the following characteristics are common to all of these extracellular structures?

Accepted Answer

A)  They must block water and small molecules to regulate the exchange of matter and energy with their environment. 
B)  They must provide a rigid structure that maintains an appropriate ratio of cell surface area to volume. 
C)  They are constructed of materials that are synthesized in the cytoplasm and then transported out of the cell for assembly. 
D)  They are composed of a mixture of lipids and nucleotides. 
A)  They must block water and small molecules to regulate the exchange of matter and energy with their environment. 
B)  They must provide a rigid structure that maintains an appropriate ratio of cell surface area to volume. 
C)  They are constructed of materials that are synthesized in the cytoplasm and then transported out of the cell for assembly. 
D)  They are composed of a mixture of lipids and nucleotides.

Exam 6: A Tour of the Cell

Which of the following is the smallest structure that would most likely be visible with a standard (not super-resolution) research-grade light microscope?

If plant cells are grown on media containing radioactively labeled thymine for one generation, radioactively labeled macromolecules will be detected in which of the following?

Which of the following is a major difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?

A mutation that disrupts the ability of an animal cell to add polysaccharide modifications to proteins would most likely cause defects in which of the following organelles or structures?

Which of the following frequently imposes a limit on cell size?

The cell walls of bacteria, fungi, and plant cells, and the extracellular matrix of animal cells are all external to the plasma membrane. Which of the following characteristics are common to all of these extracellular structures?

Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

DNA Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behavior

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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