Question 1

Which of the following would be most appropriate method to observe the three-dimensional structure and organization of microvilli on an intestinal cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  a hand lens (magnifying glass) 
B)  standard light microscopy 
C)  scanning electron microscopy 
D)  transmission electron microscopy 
A)  a hand lens (magnifying glass) 
B)  standard light microscopy 
C)  scanning electron microscopy 
D)  transmission electron microscopy

Question 2

Which of the following macromolecules enter the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell through pores in the nuclear membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  ribosomal proteins 
B)  mRNA 
C)  rRNA 
D)  phospholipids 
A)  ribosomal proteins 
B)  mRNA 
C)  rRNA 
D)  phospholipids

Question 3

Ions can travel directly from the cytoplasm of one animal cell to the cytoplasm of an adjacent cell through ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  plasmodesmata 
B)  tight junctions 
C)  desmosomes 
D)  gap junctions 
A)  plasmodesmata 
B)  tight junctions 
C)  desmosomes 
D)  gap junctions

Question 4

A characteristic 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules, consisting of nine doublets of microtubules surrounding a pair of single microtubules is associated with ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  bacterial flagella 
B)  eukaryotic flagella and motile cilia 
C)  eukaryotic flagella, motile cilia, and nonmotile cilia 
D)  centrioles and basal bodies 
A)  bacterial flagella 
B)  eukaryotic flagella and motile cilia 
C)  eukaryotic flagella, motile cilia, and nonmotile cilia 
D)  centrioles and basal bodies

Question 5

A cell with a predominance of rough endoplasmic reticulum is most likely ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  producing large quantities of proteins for secretion 
B)  producing large quantities of proteins in the cytosol 
C)  producing large quantities of carbohydrates to assemble an extensive cell wall matrix 
D)  producing large quantities of carbohydrates for storage in the vacuole 
A)  producing large quantities of proteins for secretion 
B)  producing large quantities of proteins in the cytosol 
C)  producing large quantities of carbohydrates to assemble an extensive cell wall matrix 
D)  producing large quantities of carbohydrates for storage in the vacuole

Question 6

Which of the following would be most appropriate method to observe and measure the size of ribosomes in a eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  a hand lens (magnifying glass) 
B)  standard light microscopy 
C)  scanning electron microscopy 
D)  transmission electron microscopy 
A)  a hand lens (magnifying glass) 
B)  standard light microscopy 
C)  scanning electron microscopy 
D)  transmission electron microscopy

Question 7

Examination of a cell by transmission electron microscopy reveals a high density of ribosomes in the cytoplasm. This observation suggests that this cell is actively producing large amounts of which of the following molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)  polysaccharides 
B)  proteins 
C)  lipids 
D)  nucleic acids 
A)  polysaccharides 
B)  proteins 
C)  lipids 
D)  nucleic acids

Question 8

Which of the following are found in plant, animal, and bacterial cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  mitochondria 
B)  ribosomes 
C)  chloroplasts 
D)  endoplasmic reticulum 
A)  mitochondria 
B)  ribosomes 
C)  chloroplasts 
D)  endoplasmic reticulum

Question 9

Which of the following is present in a prokaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  mitochondrion 
B)  ribosome 
C)  nuclear envelope 
D)  chloroplast 
A)  mitochondrion 
B)  ribosome 
C)  nuclear envelope 
D)  chloroplast

Question 10

Asbestos is a material that was once used extensively in construction. One risk from working in a building that contains asbestos is the development of asbestosis caused by the inhalation of asbestos fibers. Cells will take up asbestos by phagocytosis, but are not able to degrade it. As a result, asbestos fibers accumulate in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the Golgi apparatus 
B)  nuclei 
C)  peroxisomes 
D)  lysosomes 
A)  the Golgi apparatus 
B)  nuclei 
C)  peroxisomes 
D)  lysosomes

Question 11

Which of the following is the most common pathway taken by a newly synthesized protein that will be secreted by a cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  rough ER → Golgi → transport vesicle → nucleus 
B)  Golgi → rough ER → lysosome → transport vesicle → plasma membrane 
C)  rough ER → Golgi → transport vesicle → plasma membrane 
D)  rough ER → lysosome → transport vesicle → plasma membrane 
A)  rough ER → Golgi → transport vesicle → nucleus 
B)  Golgi → rough ER → lysosome → transport vesicle → plasma membrane 
C)  rough ER → Golgi → transport vesicle → plasma membrane 
D)  rough ER → lysosome → transport vesicle → plasma membrane

Question 12

Thylakoids, DNA, and ribosomes are all components found in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  chloroplasts 
B)  mitochondria 
C)  lysosomes 
D)  nuclei 
A)  chloroplasts 
B)  mitochondria 
C)  lysosomes 
D)  nuclei

Question 13

Which of the following organelles produces and modifies polysaccharides that will be secreted?

Accepted Answer

A)  lysosome 
B)  mitochondrion 
C)  Golgi apparatus 
D)  peroxisome 
A)  lysosome 
B)  mitochondrion 
C)  Golgi apparatus 
D)  peroxisome

Question 14

Vinblastine, a drug that inhibits microtubule polymerization, is used to treat some forms of cancer. Cancer cells given vinblastine would be unable to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  form cleavage furrows during cell division 
B)  migrate by amoeboid movement 
C)  separate chromosomes during cell division 
D)  maintain the shape of the nucleus 
A)  form cleavage furrows during cell division 
B)  migrate by amoeboid movement 
C)  separate chromosomes during cell division 
D)  maintain the shape of the nucleus

Question 15

Which of the following statements about the cytoskeleton is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cytoskeleton of eukaryotes is a static structure most resembling scaffolding used at construction sites. 
B)  Although microtubules are common within a cell, actin filaments are rarely found outside of the nucleus. 
C)  Movement of cilia and flagella is the result of motor proteins causing microtubules to move relative to each other. 
D)  Chemicals that block the assembly of the cytoskeleton would have little effect on a cell's response to external stimuli. 
A)  The cytoskeleton of eukaryotes is a static structure most resembling scaffolding used at construction sites. 
B)  Although microtubules are common within a cell, actin filaments are rarely found outside of the nucleus. 
C)  Movement of cilia and flagella is the result of motor proteins causing microtubules to move relative to each other. 
D)  Chemicals that block the assembly of the cytoskeleton would have little effect on a cell's response to external stimuli.

Question 16

Suppose a cell has the following molecules and structures: enzymes, DNA, ribosomes, plasma membrane, and mitochondria. It could be a cell from ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a bacterium, but not a eukaryote 
B)  an animal, but not a plant 
C)  nearly any eukaryotic organism 
D)  a plant, but not an animal 
A)  a bacterium, but not a eukaryote 
B)  an animal, but not a plant 
C)  nearly any eukaryotic organism 
D)  a plant, but not an animal

Question 17

The nuclear lamina is an array of intermediate filaments that line the inner side of the nuclear membrane. If a chemical treatment caused the lamina to disassemble, what would you expect to be the most likely immediate consequence?

Accepted Answer

A)  closing of nuclear pores 
B)  the inability of the nucleus to divide during cell division 
C)  a loss of genetic information from chromosomes 
D)  a change in the shape of the nucleus 
A)  closing of nuclear pores 
B)  the inability of the nucleus to divide during cell division 
C)  a loss of genetic information from chromosomes 
D)  a change in the shape of the nucleus

Question 18

What is the function of the nuclear pore complex found in eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)  It regulates the movement of proteins and RNAs into and out of the nucleus. 
B)  It synthesizes the proteins required to copy DNA and make mRNA. 
C)  It synthesizes secreted proteins. 
D)  It assembles ribosomes from raw materials that are synthesized in the nucleus. 
A)  It regulates the movement of proteins and RNAs into and out of the nucleus. 
B)  It synthesizes the proteins required to copy DNA and make mRNA. 
C)  It synthesizes secreted proteins. 
D)  It assembles ribosomes from raw materials that are synthesized in the nucleus.

Question 19

Spherocytosis is a human blood disorder associated with a defective cytoskeletal protein in the red blood cells (RBCs). What do you suspect is the consequence of such a defect?

Accepted Answer

A)  abnormally shaped RBCs 
B)  an insufficient supply of ATP in the RBCs 
C)  an insufficient supply of oxygen-transporting proteins in the RBCs 
D)  adherence of RBCs to blood vessel walls, causing plaque formation 
A)  abnormally shaped RBCs 
B)  an insufficient supply of ATP in the RBCs 
C)  an insufficient supply of oxygen-transporting proteins in the RBCs 
D)  adherence of RBCs to blood vessel walls, causing plaque formation

Question 20

Which organelle often takes up much of the volume of a plant cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  lysosome 
B)  central vacuole 
C)  Golgi apparatus 
D)  chloroplast 
A)  lysosome 
B)  central vacuole 
C)  Golgi apparatus 
D)  chloroplast

Exam 6: A Tour of the Cell

Which of the following would be most appropriate method to observe the three-dimensional structure and organization of microvilli on an intestinal cell?

Which of the following macromolecules enter the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell through pores in the nuclear membrane?

Ions can travel directly from the cytoplasm of one animal cell to the cytoplasm of an adjacent cell through ________.

A characteristic 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules, consisting of nine doublets of microtubules surrounding a pair of single microtubules is associated with ________.

A cell with a predominance of rough endoplasmic reticulum is most likely ________.

Which of the following would be most appropriate method to observe and measure the size of ribosomes in a eukaryotic cell?

Examination of a cell by transmission electron microscopy reveals a high density of ribosomes in the cytoplasm. This observation suggests that this cell is actively producing large amounts of which of the following molecules?

Which of the following are found in plant, animal, and bacterial cells?

Which of the following is present in a prokaryotic cell?

Which of the following is the most common pathway taken by a newly synthesized protein that will be secreted by a cell?

Thylakoids, DNA, and ribosomes are all components found in ________.

Which of the following organelles produces and modifies polysaccharides that will be secreted?

Vinblastine, a drug that inhibits microtubule polymerization, is used to treat some forms of cancer. Cancer cells given vinblastine would be unable to ________.

Which of the following statements about the cytoskeleton is true?

Suppose a cell has the following molecules and structures: enzymes, DNA, ribosomes, plasma membrane, and mitochondria. It could be a cell from ________.

The nuclear lamina is an array of intermediate filaments that line the inner side of the nuclear membrane. If a chemical treatment caused the lamina to disassemble, what would you expect to be the most likely immediate consequence?

What is the function of the nuclear pore complex found in eukaryotes?

Spherocytosis is a human blood disorder associated with a defective cytoskeletal protein in the red blood cells (RBCs). What do you suspect is the consequence of such a defect?

Which organelle often takes up much of the volume of a plant cell?

Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

DNA Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behavior

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

Filters