Exam 2: Earths Physical Systems: Matter, Energy, and Geology

Read the following scenario and answer the question below. Many geologists have proposed naming the current time period of Earth's history the Anthropocene epoch. The rationale for doing so includes the fact that erosion rates and greenhouse gas levels in the atmosphere have increased rapidly over the past 300 years. Almost all environmental scientists agree that increases in greenhouse gases contribute to global climate change. Carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone, hydrochlorofluorocarbons, and water vapor are the main culprits. Human activities, chief among them the tapping and burning of fossil fuels for energy, have significantly increased these "greenhouse gases" in our atmosphere in the last 300 years. With rising standards of living in developing countries, emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases are expected to continue to rise. If unchecked, carbon dioxide levels will reach twice preindustrial levels by midcentury and double again by the end of the century. Computer models have shown that this rise alone could raise Earth's temperatures by 3 to 10 degrees Fahrenheit by 2100. -Besides contributing to global warming, nitrous oxide contributes indirectly to acid precipitation because of ________________

Read the following scenario and answer the question below. Many geologists have proposed naming the current time period of Earth's history the Anthropocene epoch. The rationale for doing so includes the fact that erosion rates and greenhouse gas levels in the atmosphere have increased rapidly over the past 300 years. Almost all environmental scientists agree that increases in greenhouse gases contribute to global climate change. Carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone, hydrochlorofluorocarbons, and water vapor are the main culprits. Human activities, chief among them the tapping and burning of fossil fuels for energy, have significantly increased these "greenhouse gases" in our atmosphere in the last 300 years. With rising standards of living in developing countries, emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases are expected to continue to rise. If unchecked, carbon dioxide levels will reach twice preindustrial levels by midcentury and double again by the end of the century. Computer models have shown that this rise alone could raise Earth's temperatures by 3 to 10 degrees Fahrenheit by 2100. -The primary source of increased levels of greenhouse gases on Earth is __________.

__________ are the primary water-insoluble components of cell membranes.

What property of water is due to hydrogen bonds?

During photosynthesis within plants,________________ .

Precipitation ________________

When you burn a log in your fireplace you are converting __________.

Rock that has undergone heat or pressure that causes it to change form is called __________

Read the following scenario and answer the question below. Many geologists have proposed naming the current time period of Earth's history the Anthropocene epoch. The rationale for doing so includes the fact that erosion rates and greenhouse gas levels in the atmosphere have increased rapidly over the past 300 years. Almost all environmental scientists agree that increases in greenhouse gases contribute to global climate change. Carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone, hydrochlorofluorocarbons, and water vapor are the main culprits. Human activities, chief among them the tapping and burning of fossil fuels for energy, have significantly increased these "greenhouse gases" in our atmosphere in the last 300 years. With rising standards of living in developing countries, emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases are expected to continue to rise. If unchecked, carbon dioxide levels will reach twice preindustrial levels by midcentury and double again by the end of the century. Computer models have shown that this rise alone could raise Earth's temperatures by 3 to 10 degrees Fahrenheit by 2100. -Undersea earthquakes and volcanic eruptions may produce __________.

__________ is defined as the number of protons plus the number of neutrons.

What is the type of rock formed when magma or lava cools?

Forming the cell walls of stems, leaves, and roots, what compound is the primary structural constituent of plant tissues?

Consider the following processes: respiration, chemosynthesis, combustion of firewood, and photosynthesis. How many of these result in the release of oxygen into the atmosphere?

The process of subduction __________

Negatively charged particles

A solution with a pH of 3 is __________ a solution with a pH of 5.

Skin, hair, muscles, and enzymes are all made up of __________

The force driving plate tectonics is ________________.

We use __________ to catalyze the chemical reactions of digestion.

Elements with the same atomic number but with different atomic masses