Question 1

Which of the following pairs lists an r- selected organism followed by a K- selected organism?

Accepted Answer

A) elephant; pine tree 
B) pine tree; dandelion 
C) elephant; whale 
D) dandelion; pine tree 
E) grasshopper; whale 
A) elephant; pine tree 
B) pine tree; dandelion 
C) elephant; whale 
D) dandelion; pine tree 
E) grasshopper; whale E

Question 2

Groups of organisms with low biotic potential, such as gray whales,_____________ .

Accepted Answer

A) are r- selected 
B) show the initial stages of the extinction process 
C) are K- selected 
D) have escaped from the processes of natural selection and adaptation 
E) are not subject to density- dependent limiting factors 
A) are r- selected 
B) show the initial stages of the extinction process 
C) are K- selected 
D) have escaped from the processes of natural selection and adaptation 
E) are not subject to density- dependent limiting factors C

Question 3

Scientists often depict their understanding of an organism's evolutionary ancestry in diagrams called _____________

Accepted Answer

A) ancestral trees 
B) classification trees 
C) taxonomic trees 
D) hierarchical trees 
E) phylogenetic trees 
A) ancestral trees 
B) classification trees 
C) taxonomic trees 
D) hierarchical trees 
E) phylogenetic trees E

Question 4

Unregulated populations tend to increase by _____________

Accepted Answer

A) exponential growth 
B) pyramidal growth 
C) immigration 
D) linear growth 
E) emigration 
A) exponential growth 
B) pyramidal growth 
C) immigration 
D) linear growth 
E) emigration

Question 5

The process by which unrelated species acquire similar traits

Accepted Answer

A) population density 
B) population 
C) habitat 
D) niche 
E) convergent evolution
F)community
G)artificial selection
H)ecotones
I)r- selected
J)population potential
K)ecosystems
L)endemic 
A) population density 
B) population 
C) habitat 
D) niche 
E) convergent evolution
F)community
G)artificial selection
H)ecotones
I)r- selected
J)population potential
K)ecosystems
L)endemic

Question 6

What is the key mechanism maintaining genetic variation in most populations?

Accepted Answer

A) inbreeding 
B) sexual reproduction 
C) mutation 
D) biotechnology 
E) asexual reproduction 
A) inbreeding 
B) sexual reproduction 
C) mutation 
D) biotechnology 
E) asexual reproduction

Question 7

Biodiversity is _____________

Accepted Answer

A) the total number of species in a location 
B) difference in variety and abundance of species from place to place 
C) the relative abundance of the different species in a community 
D) the three- dimensional distribution of species and biological features 
E) the variety of life in all its forms and combinations and at all levels of organization 
A) the total number of species in a location 
B) difference in variety and abundance of species from place to place 
C) the relative abundance of the different species in a community 
D) the three- dimensional distribution of species and biological features 
E) the variety of life in all its forms and combinations and at all levels of organization

Question 8

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Species on Earth today are but a fraction of all species that ever lived. 
B) Bacteria represent a newer form of life, not present during the early prehistory of Earth. 
C) The number of species existing at one time has decreased throughout history. 
D) Until recent history, extinctions have always happened gradually and on a small scale. 
E) Most organisms present early in Earth's prehistory were more complex than modern organisms. 
A) Species on Earth today are but a fraction of all species that ever lived. 
B) Bacteria represent a newer form of life, not present during the early prehistory of Earth. 
C) The number of species existing at one time has decreased throughout history. 
D) Until recent history, extinctions have always happened gradually and on a small scale. 
E) Most organisms present early in Earth's prehistory were more complex than modern organisms.

Question 9

Which of the following would best represent a clumped population distribution pattern?

Accepted Answer

A) pine trees within a pine plantation 
B) earthworms in the soil of a garden 
C) a pod of 40 migrating gray whales in the Bering Sea 
D) eagles nesting in the tallest trees in the Grand Canyon 
E) oaks planted on city streets 
A) pine trees within a pine plantation 
B) earthworms in the soil of a garden 
C) a pod of 40 migrating gray whales in the Bering Sea 
D) eagles nesting in the tallest trees in the Grand Canyon 
E) oaks planted on city streets

Question 10

Density- dependent factors _____________

Accepted Answer

A) include the effects of a hard freeze on a single species within a community 
B) include the effects of rainfall on an entire community 
C) include the effects of a hard freeze on an entire community 
D) include the effects of disease, predators, and food on a single species within a community 
E) cause decreases in the number of species in an ecosystem 
A) include the effects of a hard freeze on a single species within a community 
B) include the effects of rainfall on an entire community 
C) include the effects of a hard freeze on an entire community 
D) include the effects of disease, predators, and food on a single species within a community 
E) cause decreases in the number of species in an ecosystem

Question 11

Heavy rains and mudslides cause a river to change course, isolating two groups of lizards from one another. If they remain isolated for a long period of time,_____________.

Accepted Answer

A) the groups will probably diverge genetically, and speciation may occur 
B) one group will probably become an endemic species 
C) one or both groups will probably become invasive species 
D) both groups will probably become native species 
E) one or both groups will probably emigrate 
A) the groups will probably diverge genetically, and speciation may occur 
B) one group will probably become an endemic species 
C) one or both groups will probably become invasive species 
D) both groups will probably become native species 
E) one or both groups will probably emigrate

Question 12

Communities and the abiotic material with which their members interact

Accepted Answer

A) population density 
B) population 
C) habitat 
D) niche 
E) convergent evolution
F)community
G)artificial selection
H)ecotones
I)r- selected
J)population potential
K)ecosystems
L)endemic 
A) population density 
B) population 
C) habitat 
D) niche 
E) convergent evolution
F)community
G)artificial selection
H)ecotones
I)r- selected
J)population potential
K)ecosystems
L)endemic

Question 13

One example of artificial selection is _____________

Accepted Answer

A) humans placing a gene for human insulin into a flower 
B) the generation of broccoli and Brussels sprouts from a single ancestral species 
C) crossing a lion and a tiger to get a sterile animal called a liger 
D) pet dogs that have gone wild, are mating with coyotes, and live in packs 
E) gypsy moths as an invasive species 
A) humans placing a gene for human insulin into a flower 
B) the generation of broccoli and Brussels sprouts from a single ancestral species 
C) crossing a lion and a tiger to get a sterile animal called a liger 
D) pet dogs that have gone wild, are mating with coyotes, and live in packs 
E) gypsy moths as an invasive species

Question 14

The carrying capacity is the _____________.

Accepted Answer

A) limitation on numbers of species in a community 
B) potential growth in the number of species in a given area 
C) maximum sustainable population that a given environment can support 
D) average number of offspring carried to term by a species 
E) greatest number of different niches possible in a given area 
A) limitation on numbers of species in a community 
B) potential growth in the number of species in a given area 
C) maximum sustainable population that a given environment can support 
D) average number of offspring carried to term by a species 
E) greatest number of different niches possible in a given area

Question 15

At Hakalau Forest in _____________ , ranchland is being restored to forest, invasive plants are being removed and native ones are being planted, and néné are being protected while new populations of them are being established.

Accepted Answer

A) Japan 
B) Tuvalu 
C) Marshall Islands 
D) Hawaii 
E) Guam 
A) Japan 
B) Tuvalu 
C) Marshall Islands 
D) Hawaii 
E) Guam

Question 16

Briefly describe the process of speciation, and define allopatric speciation.

Accepted Answer

When mutations occur in one population o

Question 17

Read the following scenario and answer the question below.
In 1906, President Theodore Roosevelt created the Grand Canyon National Game Preserve on the Kaibab Plateau in northern Arizona. Between 1907 and 1923, cattle grazing was greatly reduced, mule deer hunting was eliminated, and predators were killed. Over 800 cougars, 20 wolves (most had already been killed in the 1800s), and 7000 coyotes were trapped or shot. In response, the mule deer herd began to increase: By 1915, deer numbers were estimated at 25,000; 50,000 by 1920; and 100,000 by 1923.
-Which of the following is likely to have occurred after 1923?

Accepted Answer

A) The government has continued the ban on deer hunting and has continued killing cougars and coyotes that immigrate into the preserve. 
B) The deer overgrazed their environment, decreasing the carrying capacity of the habitat. 
C) The deer population crashed, and no deer have been seen in the preserve since 1947. 
D) The preserve was invaded by Eurasian collared doves in 1988. 
E) The deer population continued to increase exponentially until 2002. 
A) The government has continued the ban on deer hunting and has continued killing cougars and coyotes that immigrate into the preserve. 
B) The deer overgrazed their environment, decreasing the carrying capacity of the habitat. 
C) The deer population crashed, and no deer have been seen in the preserve since 1947. 
D) The preserve was invaded by Eurasian collared doves in 1988. 
E) The deer population continued to increase exponentially until 2002.

Question 18

Is a carrying capacity a fixed entity? Discuss the role of humans in regulating carrying capacity for the human species and in altering the carrying capacity for other species.

Accepted Answer

While all organisms are subject to envir

Question 19

A population is _____________

Accepted Answer

A) a group of individuals of a single species that live and interact in one area 
B) a group of individuals of several interacting species that live in one area 
C) a group of cells that have similar function 
D) the sum of all individuals of a species in all locations 
E) a group of individuals of several interacting species that interact in multiple ecosystems 
A) a group of individuals of a single species that live and interact in one area 
B) a group of individuals of several interacting species that live in one area 
C) a group of cells that have similar function 
D) the sum of all individuals of a species in all locations 
E) a group of individuals of several interacting species that interact in multiple ecosystems

Question 20

High population density can _____________

Accepted Answer

A) hinder organisms from finding mates 
B) decrease competition 
C) decrease biodiversity within a species 
D) increase the incidence of disease transmission 
E) decrease the use of resources 
A) hinder organisms from finding mates 
B) decrease competition 
C) decrease biodiversity within a species 
D) increase the incidence of disease transmission 
E) decrease the use of resources

Exam 3: Evolution, Biodiversity, and Population Ecology

Which of the following pairs lists an r- selected organism followed by a K- selected organism?

Groups of organisms with low biotic potential, such as gray whales,_____________ .

Scientists often depict their understanding of an organism's evolutionary ancestry in diagrams called _____________

Unregulated populations tend to increase by _____________

The process by which unrelated species acquire similar traits

What is the key mechanism maintaining genetic variation in most populations?

Biodiversity is _____________

Which of the following is true?

Which of the following would best represent a clumped population distribution pattern?

Density- dependent factors _____________

Heavy rains and mudslides cause a river to change course, isolating two groups of lizards from one another. If they remain isolated for a long period of time,_____________.

Communities and the abiotic material with which their members interact

One example of artificial selection is _____________

The carrying capacity is the _____________.

At Hakalau Forest in _____________ , ranchland is being restored to forest, invasive plants are being removed and native ones are being planted, and néné are being protected while new populations of them are being established.

Briefly describe the process of speciation, and define allopatric speciation.

Is a carrying capacity a fixed entity? Discuss the role of humans in regulating carrying capacity for the human species and in altering the carrying capacity for other species.

A population is _____________

High population density can _____________

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