Question 1

Aspirin (ASA) is discouraged for treatment of viral infection in children because of:

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased bone growth after puberty. 
B)  frequent production of blood clots. 
C)  formation of a granuloma filled with virus. 
D)  the risk of developing Reye's syndrome. 
A)  decreased bone growth after puberty. 
B)  frequent production of blood clots. 
C)  formation of a granuloma filled with virus. 
D)  the risk of developing Reye's syndrome.

Question 2

The cardinal signs of inflammation include all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  redness. 
B)  loss of function. 
C)  nausea. 
D)  swelling. 
A)  redness. 
B)  loss of function. 
C)  nausea. 
D)  swelling.

Question 3

The warmth and redness related to the inflammatory response results from:

Accepted Answer

A)  increased interstitial fluid. 
B)  production of complement. 
C)  a large number of white blood cells (WBCs) entering the area. 
D)  increased blood flow into the area. 
A)  increased interstitial fluid. 
B)  production of complement. 
C)  a large number of white blood cells (WBCs) entering the area. 
D)  increased blood flow into the area.

Question 4

The process of phagocytosis involves the:

Accepted Answer

A)  ingestion of foreign material and cell debris by leukocytes. 
B)  shift of fluid and protein out of capillaries. 
C)  formation of a fibrin mesh around the infected area. 
D)  movement of erythrocytes through the capillary wall. 
A)  ingestion of foreign material and cell debris by leukocytes. 
B)  shift of fluid and protein out of capillaries. 
C)  formation of a fibrin mesh around the infected area. 
D)  movement of erythrocytes through the capillary wall.

Question 5

A burn area in which the epidermis and part of the dermis is destroyed is classified as:

Accepted Answer

A)  full-thickness. 
B)  deep partial-thickness. 
C)  superficial partial-thickness. 
D)  first-degree. 
A)  full-thickness. 
B)  deep partial-thickness. 
C)  superficial partial-thickness. 
D)  first-degree.

Question 6

Glucocorticoids are used to treat inflammation because they directly:

Accepted Answer

A)  promote the release of prostaglandins at the site. 
B)  decrease capillary permeability. 
C)  mobilize lymphocytes and neutrophils. 
D)  prevent infection. 
A)  promote the release of prostaglandins at the site. 
B)  decrease capillary permeability. 
C)  mobilize lymphocytes and neutrophils. 
D)  prevent infection.

Question 7

Tears are considered to be part of the:
1) first line of defense.
2) second line of defense.
3) third line of defense.
4) specific defenses.
5) nonspecific defenses.

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 4 
B) 1, 5 
C) 3, 4 
D) 2, 5 
A) 1, 4 
B) 1, 5 
C) 3, 4 
D) 2, 5

Question 8

How does scar tissue usually cause obstructions to develop in tube-like structures?

Accepted Answer

A)  Scar tissue continues to grow and spread, causing a blockage. 
B)  Scar tissue does not stretch, but rather shrinks in time, causing narrowing. 
C)  Scar tissue twists and forms knots as it develops. 
D)  Scar tissue attaches to nearby normal tissue, causing obstruction. 
A)  Scar tissue continues to grow and spread, causing a blockage. 
B)  Scar tissue does not stretch, but rather shrinks in time, causing narrowing. 
C)  Scar tissue twists and forms knots as it develops. 
D)  Scar tissue attaches to nearby normal tissue, causing obstruction.

Question 9

The characteristic appearance of a full-thickness burn is:

Accepted Answer

A)  painful with multiple blisters. 
B)  heavy bleeding. 
C)  red with some swelling. 
D)  dry, firm, charred, or hard white surface. 
A)  painful with multiple blisters. 
B)  heavy bleeding. 
C)  red with some swelling. 
D)  dry, firm, charred, or hard white surface.

Question 10

Hypermetabolism is common with major burns because of:

Accepted Answer

A)  increased heat loss from the burn wound. 
B)  demand for tissue repair. 
C)  recurrent stress response. 
D)  All of the above 
A)  increased heat loss from the burn wound. 
B)  demand for tissue repair. 
C)  recurrent stress response. 
D)  All of the above

Question 11

Which statement applies to the recommended emergency care for burns?

Accepted Answer

A)  Drop and lie completely still on your back. 
B)  Call a neighbor for help if the burn appears to be extensive. 
C)  Apply lotion and cover burn tightly with a sheet or towel. 
D)  Cover the burn area with clean, cool, or tepid water and remove nonsticking clothing. 
A)  Drop and lie completely still on your back. 
B)  Call a neighbor for help if the burn appears to be extensive. 
C)  Apply lotion and cover burn tightly with a sheet or towel. 
D)  Cover the burn area with clean, cool, or tepid water and remove nonsticking clothing.

Question 12

In normal capillary exchange, what is net hydrostatic pressure based on?

Accepted Answer

A)  The difference between the hydrostatic pressure within the capillary, as compared with the hydrostatic pressure of the interstitial fluid 
B)  The relative osmotic pressures in the blood and the interstitial fluid 
C)  The difference between the hydrostatic pressure and osmotic pressure within the capillary 
D)  The difference between the concentrations of blood cells, plasma proteins, and dissolved substances in the blood and the interstitial fluid 
A)  The difference between the hydrostatic pressure within the capillary, as compared with the hydrostatic pressure of the interstitial fluid 
B)  The relative osmotic pressures in the blood and the interstitial fluid 
C)  The difference between the hydrostatic pressure and osmotic pressure within the capillary 
D)  The difference between the concentrations of blood cells, plasma proteins, and dissolved substances in the blood and the interstitial fluid

Question 13

Potential complications after healing by scar formation include all the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  lack of sensory function in the area. 
B)  contractures and adhesions. 
C)  increased hair growth. 
D)  keloid formation. 
A)  lack of sensory function in the area. 
B)  contractures and adhesions. 
C)  increased hair growth. 
D)  keloid formation.

Question 14

Causes of inflammation include:

Accepted Answer

A)  direct physical damage such as cuts and sprains. 
B)  allergic reactions. 
C)  infection. 
D)  All the above 
A)  direct physical damage such as cuts and sprains. 
B)  allergic reactions. 
C)  infection. 
D)  All the above

Question 15

Which of the following cellular elements found in the inflammatory response are responsible for phagocytosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Macrophages 
B)  Basophils 
C)  B lymphocytes 
D)  T lymphocytes 
E)  Eosinophils 
A)  Macrophages 
B)  Basophils 
C)  B lymphocytes 
D)  T lymphocytes 
E)  Eosinophils

Question 16

An abscess contains:

Accepted Answer

A)  serous exudate. 
B)  purulent exudate. 
C)  fibrinous exudate. 
D)  hemorrhagic exudate. 
A)  serous exudate. 
B)  purulent exudate. 
C)  fibrinous exudate. 
D)  hemorrhagic exudate.

Question 17

A woman has burns on the anterior surfaces of her right arm, chest, and right leg. The percentage of body surface area burned is approximately:

Accepted Answer

A)  13.5%. 
B)  18%. 
C)  22.5%. 
D)  31.5%. 
A)  13.5%. 
B)  18%. 
C)  22.5%. 
D)  31.5%.

Question 18

Edema associated with inflammation results directly from:

Accepted Answer

A)  increased fluid and protein in the interstitial compartment. 
B)  increased phagocytes in the affected area. 
C)  decreased capillary permeability. 
D)  general vasoconstriction. 
A)  increased fluid and protein in the interstitial compartment. 
B)  increased phagocytes in the affected area. 
C)  decreased capillary permeability. 
D)  general vasoconstriction.

Question 19

Systemic manifestations of an inflammatory response include:

Accepted Answer

A)  edema and erythema. 
B)  area of necrosis and loss of function. 
C)  pain and tenderness. 
D)  fever and malaise. 
A)  edema and erythema. 
B)  area of necrosis and loss of function. 
C)  pain and tenderness. 
D)  fever and malaise.

Exam 5: Inflammation and Healing

Aspirin (ASA) is discouraged for treatment of viral infection in children because of:

The cardinal signs of inflammation include all of the following EXCEPT:

The warmth and redness related to the inflammatory response results from:

The process of phagocytosis involves the:

A burn area in which the epidermis and part of the dermis is destroyed is classified as:

Glucocorticoids are used to treat inflammation because they directly:

Tears are considered to be part of the: 1) first line of defense. 2) second line of defense. 3) third line of defense. 4) specific defenses. 5) nonspecific defenses.

How does scar tissue usually cause obstructions to develop in tube-like structures?

The characteristic appearance of a full-thickness burn is:

Hypermetabolism is common with major burns because of:

Which statement applies to the recommended emergency care for burns?

In normal capillary exchange, what is net hydrostatic pressure based on?

Potential complications after healing by scar formation include all the following EXCEPT:

Causes of inflammation include:

Which of the following cellular elements found in the inflammatory response are responsible for phagocytosis?

An abscess contains:

A woman has burns on the anterior surfaces of her right arm, chest, and right leg. The percentage of body surface area burned is approximately:

Edema associated with inflammation results directly from:

Systemic manifestations of an inflammatory response include:

Introduction to Pathophysiology

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Imbalances

Introduction to Basic Pharmacology and Other Common Therapies

Pain

Infection

Immunity

Skin Disorders

Musculoskeletal Disorders

Blood and Circulatory System Disorders

Lymphatic System Disorders

Cardiovascular System Disorders

Respiratory System Disorders

Neurological Disorders

Disorders of the Eye, Ear, and Other Sensory Organs

Endocrine System Disorders

Digestive System Disorders

Urinary System Disorders

Reproductive System Disorders

Neoplasms and Cancer

Congenital and Genetic Disorders

Complications Due to Pregnancy

Complications Due to Adolescence

Complications Due to Aging

Immobility and Associated Problems

Stress and Associated Problems

Substance Abuse and Associated Problems

Environmental Hazards and Associated Problems

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