Exam 26: Lipids

Provide the general structure of a triglyceride.

Briefly describe the chemical reaction that is used to "harden" a vegetable oil to give a fat.

"X" is synthesized in the liver, stored in the gallbladder, and secreted into the intestine. It aids in the absorption and digestion of dietary fats. It is also the end product of the metabolism of cholesterol. Identify "X".

The following tetracylic structure is common to steroids, an importnat class of biomolecules that have a number of sterocenters. Modify the structure on the right by placing the hydrogen atoms and methyl groups to accurately depict the structure on the left (including steeochemistry).

Cell membranes, which form an effective barrier to the passage of ions and other components into and out of the cell, are composed of a lipid bilayer.

All steroids have the common skeleton shown below.

What is the approximate value of pK_a of a bile acid?

What is the structure of choline, a component of phosphatidylcholine phospholipids?

Which of the following fatty acids has the highest melting point?

Compounds that are obtained from the saponification of triglycerides are glycerol and fatty acid salts.

The major lipid component of cell membranes is phospholipids.

Female sex hormones like estrone are called _____________.

Match the terms with the most appropriate descriptions. -Regulation of calcium and phosphorus metabolism

What is the R/S configuration of C-9 and C-11 of prostaglandin F_2α?

An example of a cationic detergent is shown below. $\mathrm { CH } _ { 3 } \left( \mathrm { CH } _ { 2 } \right) _ { 14 } \mathrm { CH } _ { 2 } \mathrm {~N} ^{^ { + }} \left( \mathrm { CH } _ { 3 } \right) _ { 3 } \mathrm { Cl } ^ { - }$

Identify the given structure. ​

What is the structure of inositol, a component of phospholipids?

The hydrolysis of a triglyceride in an aqueous base followed by acidification gives _____ and _____ fatty acids.

Consider the following. $\text { I. } \mathrm{CH}_{3}\left(\mathrm{CH}_{2}\right)_{14} \mathrm{CO}_{2} \mathrm{H}$ $\text { II. } \mathrm{CH}_{3}\left(\mathrm{CH}_{2}\right)_{10} \mathrm{CO}_{2}^{-} \mathrm{Na}^{+}$ $\text { III. } \mathrm{CH}_{3}\left(\mathrm{CH}_{2}\right)_{10} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OH}$ $\text { IV. } \mathrm{CH}_{3}\left(\mathrm{CH}_{2}\right)_{10} \mathrm{OSO}_{3}^{-} \mathrm{Na}^{+}$ $\text { V. } \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{O}^{-} \mathrm{Na}^{+}$ Structure ____ would be classified as an ordinary soap.

Circle the hydrophilic part of sodium 4-dodecylbenzenesulfonate, a synthetic detergent, and put a rectangle around the hydrophobic part.