Question 1

A radioactive sample will decay completely in two half-lives.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The mass number of an alpha particle is 4.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

What nuclear process is used in commercial nuclear power plants to produce energy?

Accepted Answer

A) fusion 
B) fission 
C) metastable induction 
D) radiocarbon dating 
E) positron emission tomography 
A) fusion 
B) fission 
C) metastable induction 
D) radiocarbon dating 
E) positron emission tomography

Question 4

Which statement concerning nuclear reactions and chemical reactions is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Nuclear reactions involve changes in the protons or neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. 
B) Chemical reactions involve changes in the valence electrons of an atom. 
C) Nuclear reactions usually result in a change in the identity of the radioactive isotope. 
D) Nuclear reactions are capable of producing more energy than chemical reactions. 
E) Chemical reactions always occur much faster than nuclear reactions. 
A) Nuclear reactions involve changes in the protons or neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. 
B) Chemical reactions involve changes in the valence electrons of an atom. 
C) Nuclear reactions usually result in a change in the identity of the radioactive isotope. 
D) Nuclear reactions are capable of producing more energy than chemical reactions. 
E) Chemical reactions always occur much faster than nuclear reactions.

Question 5

What is the process responsible for energy production in the sun?

Accepted Answer

A) chemical combustion 
B) fissionoxidation-reduction 
C) decomposition 
D) fission 
E) fusion 
A) chemical combustion 
B) fissionoxidation-reduction 
C) decomposition 
D) fission 
E) fusion

Question 6

Gamma rays move at the speed of light.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) depends on the presence of what type of particles in body tissue?

Accepted Answer

A) carbon atoms 
B) hydrogen atoms 
C) water molecules 
D) radioactive isotopes 
E) magnetic particles 
A) carbon atoms 
B) hydrogen atoms 
C) water molecules 
D) radioactive isotopes 
E) magnetic particles

Question 8

Which type of radiation emitted by radioactive nuclei has no mass and no charge?

Accepted Answer

A) alpha particle 
B) beta particle 
C) positron 
D) gamma ray 
E) All radiation types have a mass and charge. 
A) alpha particle 
B) beta particle 
C) positron 
D) gamma ray 
E) All radiation types have a mass and charge.

Question 9

From which of the following isotopes is carbon-14 formed by cosmic ray bombardment in the upper atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

A) Li-5 
B) U-238 
C) O-16 
D) O-18 
E) N-14 
A) Li-5 
B) U-238 
C) O-16 
D) O-18 
E) N-14

Question 10

When the isotope   undergoes beta decay, what isotope is formed?

Accepted Answer

The answer of When the isotope   undergoes beta...

Question 11

What does the symbol   represent?

Accepted Answer

A) an alpha particle 
B) a beta particle 
C) a gamma ray 
D) a positron 
E) a deuteron 
A) an alpha particle 
B) a beta particle 
C) a gamma ray 
D) a positron 
E) a deuteron

Question 12

Unstable nuclei become more stable by spontaneously undergoing a change in their nucleus and emitting radiation.What is the term used to describe this process?

Accepted Answer

A) stabilization 
B) nuclear dissociation 
C) radioactive decay 
D) nuclear fusion 
E) ionization 
A) stabilization 
B) nuclear dissociation 
C) radioactive decay 
D) nuclear fusion 
E) ionization

Question 13

What type of radioactive decay is illustrated by the following nuclear equation?

Accepted Answer

A) positron emission 
B) alpha decay 
C) beta decay 
D) gamma production 
E) helium emission 
A) positron emission 
B) alpha decay 
C) beta decay 
D) gamma production 
E) helium emission

Question 14

Which is the most widely used radioactive isotope in nuclear medicine?

Accepted Answer

A) technetium-99m 
B) hydrogen-3 
C) uranium-235 
D) carbon-14 
E) plutonium-244 
A) technetium-99m 
B) hydrogen-3 
C) uranium-235 
D) carbon-14 
E) plutonium-244

Question 15

The term LD50 represents which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) the dosage of toxic material needed to kill 50% of the exposed population in 30 days 
B) the number of people killed by 1 mg of a toxic material in one day 
C) the number of people killed by 1 mg of a toxic material in 30 days 
D) the percentage of people that will die when exposed to 50 mg of a toxic substance 
E) the amount of radiation absorbed by the body when standing 50 m from a radioactive substance 
A) the dosage of toxic material needed to kill 50% of the exposed population in 30 days 
B) the number of people killed by 1 mg of a toxic material in one day 
C) the number of people killed by 1 mg of a toxic material in 30 days 
D) the percentage of people that will die when exposed to 50 mg of a toxic substance 
E) the amount of radiation absorbed by the body when standing 50 m from a radioactive substance

Question 16

The isotope   decays to   by emitting radiation.What type of radiation is emitted?

Accepted Answer

A) alpha 
B) beta 
C) gamma 
D) positron 
E) None of the choices are correct. 
A) alpha 
B) beta 
C) gamma 
D) positron 
E) None of the choices are correct.

Question 17

What percentage of the initial amount of a radioactive isotope will remain after ten half-lives?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.50% 
B) 0.78% 
C) 0.36% 
D) 0.11% 
E) 0.098% 
A) 0.50% 
B) 0.78% 
C) 0.36% 
D) 0.11% 
E) 0.098%

Question 18

What type of radioactive decay is illustrated by the following nuclear equation?

Accepted Answer

A) positron emission 
B) alpha decay 
C) beta decay 
D) gamma production 
E) helium emission 
A) positron emission 
B) alpha decay 
C) beta decay 
D) gamma production 
E) helium emission

Question 19

Which radioactive element is sometimes found in indoor air in such places as basements?

Accepted Answer

A) polonium 
B) thallium 
C) uranium 
D) radon 
E) plutonium 
A) polonium 
B) thallium 
C) uranium 
D) radon 
E) plutonium

Question 20

The isotope   decays to   by emitting radiation.What type of radiation is emitted?

Accepted Answer

A) alpha particle 
B) beta particle 
C) positron 
D) gamma ray 
E) neutron 
A) alpha particle 
B) beta particle 
C) positron 
D) gamma ray 
E) neutron

Exam 9: The Nucleus, Radioactivity, and Nuclear Medicine

A radioactive sample will decay completely in two half-lives.

The mass number of an alpha particle is 4.

What nuclear process is used in commercial nuclear power plants to produce energy?

Which statement concerning nuclear reactions and chemical reactions is FALSE?

What is the process responsible for energy production in the sun?

Gamma rays move at the speed of light.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) depends on the presence of what type of particles in body tissue?

Which type of radiation emitted by radioactive nuclei has no mass and no charge?

From which of the following isotopes is carbon-14 formed by cosmic ray bombardment in the upper atmosphere?

When the isotope undergoes beta decay, what isotope is formed?

What does the symbol represent?

Unstable nuclei become more stable by spontaneously undergoing a change in their nucleus and emitting radiation.What is the term used to describe this process?

What type of radioactive decay is illustrated by the following nuclear equation?

Which is the most widely used radioactive isotope in nuclear medicine?

The term LD50 represents which of the following?

The isotope decays to by emitting radiation.What type of radiation is emitted?

What percentage of the initial amount of a radioactive isotope will remain after ten half-lives?

What type of radioactive decay is illustrated by the following nuclear equation?

Which radioactive element is sometimes found in indoor air in such places as basements?

The isotope decays to by emitting radiation.What type of radiation is emitted?

Chemistry:methods and Measurement

The Structure of the Atom and the Periodic Table

Structure and Properties of Ionic and Covalent Compounds

Calculations, Chemical Changes, and the Chemical Equation

States of Matter- Gases, Liquids, and Solids

Solutions

Energy, Rate and Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

An Introduction to Organic Chemistry- the Saturated Hydrocarbons

The Unsaturated Hydrocarbons- Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatics

Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols, and Ethers

Aldehydes and Ketones

Carboxylic Acids and Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Amines and Amides

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Their Functions in Biochemical Systems

Protein Structure and Function

Enzymes

Introduction to Molecular Genetics

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Aerobic Respiration and Energy Production

Fatty Acid Metabolism

Filters

The term LD₅₀ represents which of the following?