Question 1

Which of the following fatty acids would be classified as an omega-6 fatty acid?

Accepted Answer

A) I 
B) II 
C) III 
D) I and III 
E) II and III 
A) I 
B) II 
C) III 
D) I and III 
E) II and III

Question 2

What response is caused by the prostaglandins produced in the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

A) stimulation of ovulation 
B) smooth muscle contractions 
C) dilation of renal blood vessels 
D) constriction of blood vessels and aggregation of platelets 
E) water retention and weight gain 
A) stimulation of ovulation 
B) smooth muscle contractions 
C) dilation of renal blood vessels 
D) constriction of blood vessels and aggregation of platelets 
E) water retention and weight gain

Question 3

How does the proportion of saturation and unsaturation in membrane lipids affect the fluidity of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

A) Membrane fluidity increases with an increase in the percentage of unsaturation. 
B) Membrane fluidity decreases with an increase in the percentage of unsaturation. 
C) Membrane fluidity increases with an increase in the percentage of saturation. 
D) Membranes are most fluid when there is an equal proportion of saturation and unsaturation. 
E) Membrane fluidity depends only on the size of the carbon chains, and not on the proportions of saturation and unsaturation. 
A) Membrane fluidity increases with an increase in the percentage of unsaturation. 
B) Membrane fluidity decreases with an increase in the percentage of unsaturation. 
C) Membrane fluidity increases with an increase in the percentage of saturation. 
D) Membranes are most fluid when there is an equal proportion of saturation and unsaturation. 
E) Membrane fluidity depends only on the size of the carbon chains, and not on the proportions of saturation and unsaturation.

Question 4

Unsaturated fatty acids contain only single bonds in their hydrocarbon chains.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following leads to an increase in the melting point of a fatty acid?

Accepted Answer

A) increase in the length of the carbon chain 
B) increase in the amount of unsaturation 
C) decrease in the number of hydrogen atoms per carbon atom 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
E) None of the choices are correct. 
A) increase in the length of the carbon chain 
B) increase in the amount of unsaturation 
C) decrease in the number of hydrogen atoms per carbon atom 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
E) None of the choices are correct.

Question 6

What is the name of the product that results from the hydrogenation reaction below?

Accepted Answer

A) stearic acid 
B) arachidic acid 
C) palmitic acid 
D) linoleic acid 
E) capric acid 
A) stearic acid 
B) arachidic acid 
C) palmitic acid 
D) linoleic acid 
E) capric acid

Question 7

Saponification of the triglyceride shown below produces soap.What is the structure of the soap?

Accepted Answer

A) Na+ −O(CH2)10CH3 
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A) Na+ −O(CH2)10CH3 
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 8

Dietary fats and oils are structurally both triglycerides, but fats are solids and oils are liquids at room temperature.Which of the following best describes the reason for their difference in physical state?

Accepted Answer

A) Fats contain 3 identical fatty acid R groups and oils contain different R groups. 
B) Oils contain 3 identical fatty acid R groups and fats contain different R groups. 
C) Oils contain longer fatty acid R groups than fats do. 
D) Fats contain more hydroxyl groups in their fatty acid R groups than oils do. 
E) Oils contain a higher percentage of unsaturation in their fatty acid R groups than fats do. 
A) Fats contain 3 identical fatty acid R groups and oils contain different R groups. 
B) Oils contain 3 identical fatty acid R groups and fats contain different R groups. 
C) Oils contain longer fatty acid R groups than fats do. 
D) Fats contain more hydroxyl groups in their fatty acid R groups than oils do. 
E) Oils contain a higher percentage of unsaturation in their fatty acid R groups than fats do.

Question 9

Which eicosanoids produced by white blood cells can cause bronchial constriction?

Accepted Answer

A) prostaglandins 
B) fatty acids 
C) bile salts 
D) leukotrienes 
E) steroids 
A) prostaglandins 
B) fatty acids 
C) bile salts 
D) leukotrienes 
E) steroids

Question 10

Which steroid is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, and many skin conditions?

Accepted Answer

A) testosterone 
B) cortisone 
C) digitoxin 
D) cholesterol 
E) stanozolol 
A) testosterone 
B) cortisone 
C) digitoxin 
D) cholesterol 
E) stanozolol

Question 11

Consider the compound represented below.Which of the following best describes it?

Accepted Answer

A) It is a nonpolar amino acid. 
B) It is a triglyceride. 
C) It is a soap. 
D) It is an unsaturated fatty acid. 
E) It is an omega-3 wax. 
A) It is a nonpolar amino acid. 
B) It is a triglyceride. 
C) It is a soap. 
D) It is an unsaturated fatty acid. 
E) It is an omega-3 wax.

Question 12

Which of the following is the reverse of an esterification reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) reduction of an ester 
B) oxidation of an ester 
C) neutralization of an ester 
D) hydrolysis of an ester 
E) hydrogenation of an ester 
A) reduction of an ester 
B) oxidation of an ester 
C) neutralization of an ester 
D) hydrolysis of an ester 
E) hydrogenation of an ester

Question 13

A tube of lipstick lists capric triglyceride among its ingredients.Capric triglyceride is a simple triglyceride containing capric acid, a 10-carbon saturated fatty acid.What is the structure of capric triglyceride?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 14

Which class of human plasma lipoproteins carries triglycerides from the intestine to other tissues?

Accepted Answer

A) chylomicrons 
B) high density lipoproteins (HDL) 
C) low density lipoproteins (LDL) 
D) very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) 
E) sphingomyelins 
A) chylomicrons 
B) high density lipoproteins (HDL) 
C) low density lipoproteins (LDL) 
D) very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) 
E) sphingomyelins

Question 15

What is the major energy storage form found in fat cells?

Accepted Answer

A) waxes 
B) phospholipids 
C) acetylcholines 
D) triglycerides 
E) low density lipids 
A) waxes 
B) phospholipids 
C) acetylcholines 
D) triglycerides 
E) low density lipids

Question 16

What type of lipid is formed in the reaction between a long-chain alcohol and a fatty acid?

Accepted Answer

A) triglyceride 
B) oil 
C) steroid 
D) cholesterol 
E) wax 
A) triglyceride 
B) oil 
C) steroid 
D) cholesterol 
E) wax

Question 17

How does the melting point of an unsaturated fatty acid compare to that of a saturated fatty acid with an equal number of carbon atoms?

Accepted Answer

A) The melting point of the unsaturated fatty acid will be higher than that of the saturated fatty acid. 
B) The melting point of the unsaturated fatty acid will be lower than that of the saturated fatty acid. 
C) The melting point of the unsaturated fatty acid will be the same as that of the saturated fatty acid. 
D) It is impossible to predict without additional information. 
E) Fatty acids do not have melting points because they are liquids at room temperature. 
A) The melting point of the unsaturated fatty acid will be higher than that of the saturated fatty acid. 
B) The melting point of the unsaturated fatty acid will be lower than that of the saturated fatty acid. 
C) The melting point of the unsaturated fatty acid will be the same as that of the saturated fatty acid. 
D) It is impossible to predict without additional information. 
E) Fatty acids do not have melting points because they are liquids at room temperature.

Question 18

Organisms that live at high temperatures tend to have higher proportions of unsaturated fatty acids in their cell membranes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Prostaglandins produced in the kidneys cause renal blood vessels to dilate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the following statements concerning lipid functions is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A) The human body uses triglycerides for long-term energy storage, insulation, and protection. 
B) Plants and animals use waxes as water barriers. 
C) Phosphoglycerides are key components of the structure of cell membranes. 
D) Steroids function as messenger molecules that enable cell-cell communication. 
E) All statements concerning lipid functions are true. 
A) The human body uses triglycerides for long-term energy storage, insulation, and protection. 
B) Plants and animals use waxes as water barriers. 
C) Phosphoglycerides are key components of the structure of cell membranes. 
D) Steroids function as messenger molecules that enable cell-cell communication. 
E) All statements concerning lipid functions are true.

Exam 17: Lipids and Their Functions in Biochemical Systems

Which of the following fatty acids would be classified as an omega-6 fatty acid?

What response is caused by the prostaglandins produced in the kidneys?

How does the proportion of saturation and unsaturation in membrane lipids affect the fluidity of the cell membrane?

Unsaturated fatty acids contain only single bonds in their hydrocarbon chains.

Which of the following leads to an increase in the melting point of a fatty acid?

What is the name of the product that results from the hydrogenation reaction below?

Saponification of the triglyceride shown below produces soap.What is the structure of the soap?

Dietary fats and oils are structurally both triglycerides, but fats are solids and oils are liquids at room temperature.Which of the following best describes the reason for their difference in physical state?

Which eicosanoids produced by white blood cells can cause bronchial constriction?

Which steroid is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, and many skin conditions?

Consider the compound represented below.Which of the following best describes it?

Which of the following is the reverse of an esterification reaction?

A tube of lipstick lists capric triglyceride among its ingredients.Capric triglyceride is a simple triglyceride containing capric acid, a 10-carbon saturated fatty acid.What is the structure of capric triglyceride?

Which class of human plasma lipoproteins carries triglycerides from the intestine to other tissues?

What is the major energy storage form found in fat cells?

What type of lipid is formed in the reaction between a long-chain alcohol and a fatty acid?

How does the melting point of an unsaturated fatty acid compare to that of a saturated fatty acid with an equal number of carbon atoms?

Organisms that live at high temperatures tend to have higher proportions of unsaturated fatty acids in their cell membranes.

Prostaglandins produced in the kidneys cause renal blood vessels to dilate.

Which of the following statements concerning lipid functions is NOT true?

Chemistry:methods and Measurement

The Structure of the Atom and the Periodic Table

Structure and Properties of Ionic and Covalent Compounds

Calculations, Chemical Changes, and the Chemical Equation

States of Matter- Gases, Liquids, and Solids

Solutions

Energy, Rate and Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

The Nucleus, Radioactivity, and Nuclear Medicine

An Introduction to Organic Chemistry- the Saturated Hydrocarbons

The Unsaturated Hydrocarbons- Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatics

Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols, and Ethers

Aldehydes and Ketones

Carboxylic Acids and Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Amines and Amides

Carbohydrates

Protein Structure and Function

Enzymes

Introduction to Molecular Genetics

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Aerobic Respiration and Energy Production

Fatty Acid Metabolism

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