Question 1

Which statement concerning the stages of catabolism is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) The primary function of digestion is to break down large food molecules into smaller ones that can be absorbed by the blood. 
B) The primary function of Stage II is to produce NADH and FADH2 for the citric acid cycle. 
C) Most food molecules enter Stage III of catabolism in the form of acetyl CoA. 
D) The primary function of the citric acid cycle in Stage III is to oxidize acetyl groups to CO2, and provide reduced coenzymes for the synthesis of ATP. 
E) The primary function of electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation is to oxidize NADH and FADH2, and provide energy for the production of ATP. 
A) The primary function of digestion is to break down large food molecules into smaller ones that can be absorbed by the blood. 
B) The primary function of Stage II is to produce NADH and FADH2 for the citric acid cycle. 
C) Most food molecules enter Stage III of catabolism in the form of acetyl CoA. 
D) The primary function of the citric acid cycle in Stage III is to oxidize acetyl groups to CO2, and provide reduced coenzymes for the synthesis of ATP. 
E) The primary function of electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation is to oxidize NADH and FADH2, and provide energy for the production of ATP.

Question 2

Which enzyme in the mitochondria is responsible for phosphorylation of ADP?

Accepted Answer

A) ATP 
B) ATP synthase 
C) ADP synthase 
D) NADH 
E) None of the choices are correct. 
A) ATP 
B) ATP synthase 
C) ADP synthase 
D) NADH 
E) None of the choices are correct.

Question 3

What amino acids can be used as fuel for the body?

Accepted Answer

A) No amino acids can be used as fuel. 
B) All amino acids can be used as fuel. 
C) Only essential amino acids can be used as fuel. 
D) Only amino acids that were once part of the muscular system can be used as fuel. 
E) Only those amino acids that are not needed for protein synthesis can be used as fuel. 
A) No amino acids can be used as fuel. 
B) All amino acids can be used as fuel. 
C) Only essential amino acids can be used as fuel. 
D) Only amino acids that were once part of the muscular system can be used as fuel. 
E) Only those amino acids that are not needed for protein synthesis can be used as fuel.

Question 4

Which of the following statements concerning mitochondria is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Mitochondria are football shaped organelles located inside the nucleus of a cell. 
B) Mitochondria are believed to have evolved from bacteria that were "captured" by eukaryotic cells. 
C) Mitochondria contain their own genetic information (DN
A) . 
D) Mitochondria produce the majority of the ATP for our cells. 
E) Mitochondria are self-replicating that is, they grow in size and divide to produce new mitochondria. 
A) Mitochondria are football shaped organelles located inside the nucleus of a cell. 
B) Mitochondria are believed to have evolved from bacteria that were "captured" by eukaryotic cells. 
C) Mitochondria contain their own genetic information (DN
A) . 
D) Mitochondria produce the majority of the ATP for our cells. 
E) Mitochondria are self-replicating that is, they grow in size and divide to produce new mitochondria.

Question 5

Which of the following accepts an α-amino group from amino acids in a transamination reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) glutamate 
B) pyruvate 
C) coenzyme A 
D) acetyl CoA 
E) α-ketoglutarate 
A) glutamate 
B) pyruvate 
C) coenzyme A 
D) acetyl CoA 
E) α-ketoglutarate

Question 6

The oxidative reactions of metabolism provide for most ATP production.In what specific part of the cell do these reactions occur?

Accepted Answer

A) nucleus 
B) ribosome 
C) mitochondria 
D) mitochondrial membrane 
E) None of the choices are correct. 
A) nucleus 
B) ribosome 
C) mitochondria 
D) mitochondrial membrane 
E) None of the choices are correct.

Question 7

Where in the body does the degradation of amino acids occur?

Accepted Answer

A) stomach 
B) small intestine 
C) liver 
D) adipose tissue 
E) cytoplasm 
A) stomach 
B) small intestine 
C) liver 
D) adipose tissue 
E) cytoplasm

Question 8

Which of the following substances, when present in high concentrations, inhibits the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex?

Accepted Answer

A) succinyl CoA 
B) NAD+ 
C) FAD 
D) Pi 
E) AMP 
A) succinyl CoA 
B) NAD+ 
C) FAD 
D) Pi 
E) AMP

Question 9

The conversion of isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate in step 3 of the citric acid cycle actually occurs by the two-step process shown below.What is true about step 3b?

Accepted Answer

A) The reaction is a decarboxylation reaction. 
B) The reaction is a hydration reaction. 
C) The reaction is a dehydration reaction. 
D) The reaction is an alkene addition reaction. 
E) The reaction is a hydrolysis reaction. 
A) The reaction is a decarboxylation reaction. 
B) The reaction is a hydration reaction. 
C) The reaction is a dehydration reaction. 
D) The reaction is an alkene addition reaction. 
E) The reaction is a hydrolysis reaction.

Question 10

The outer mitochondrial membrane is porous and permeable to substances of molecular weight less than 10,000.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

A deficiency of urea cycle enzymes causes an elevation of the ammonium ion concentration.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Cells in fast twitch muscle fibers contain more mitochondria than do cells in slow twitch fibers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The enzymes for the citric acid cycle are found in what area of the mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

A) outer membrane 
B) inner membrane 
C) intermembrane space 
D) matrix 
E) All of these are correct. 
A) outer membrane 
B) inner membrane 
C) intermembrane space 
D) matrix 
E) All of these are correct.

Question 14

The acetyl group of acetyl CoA is transferred to oxaloacetate by the enzyme citrate synthase.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

What is the coenzyme that is required in all transamination reactions?

Accepted Answer

A) pyridoxal phosphate 
B) ADP 
C) coenzyme A 
D) hexokinase 
E) Vitamin C 
A) pyridoxal phosphate 
B) ADP 
C) coenzyme A 
D) hexokinase 
E) Vitamin C

Question 16

In which stage of metabolism is the most energy in the form of ATP produced?

Accepted Answer

A) oxidative phosphorylation 
B) digestion of food molecules 
C) transcription pathway 
D) citric acid cycle 
E) glycolysis 
A) oxidative phosphorylation 
B) digestion of food molecules 
C) transcription pathway 
D) citric acid cycle 
E) glycolysis

Question 17

What is the terminal electron acceptor in aerobic organisms?

Accepted Answer

A) ATP 
B) NAD+ 
C) FAD 
D) oxygen 
E) carbon dioxide 
A) ATP 
B) NAD+ 
C) FAD 
D) oxygen 
E) carbon dioxide

Question 18

What type of bond in acetyl CoA links the acetyl group to the rest of the molecule?

Accepted Answer

A) ester 
B) amide 
C) thiol 
D) thioester 
E) phosphoryl 
A) ester 
B) amide 
C) thiol 
D) thioester 
E) phosphoryl

Question 19

To what molecule is the acetyl group of acetyl CoA transferred in the first step of the citric acid cycle?

Accepted Answer

A) citrate 
B) alanine 
C) coenzyme A 
D) oxaloacetate 
E) ATP 
A) citrate 
B) alanine 
C) coenzyme A 
D) oxaloacetate 
E) ATP

Question 20

The mitochondria are aerobic.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 22: Aerobic Respiration and Energy Production

Which statement concerning the stages of catabolism is FALSE?

Which enzyme in the mitochondria is responsible for phosphorylation of ADP?

What amino acids can be used as fuel for the body?

Which of the following statements concerning mitochondria is FALSE?

Which of the following accepts an α-amino group from amino acids in a transamination reaction?

The oxidative reactions of metabolism provide for most ATP production.In what specific part of the cell do these reactions occur?

Where in the body does the degradation of amino acids occur?

Which of the following substances, when present in high concentrations, inhibits the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex?

The conversion of isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate in step 3 of the citric acid cycle actually occurs by the two-step process shown below.What is true about step 3b?

The outer mitochondrial membrane is porous and permeable to substances of molecular weight less than 10,000.

A deficiency of urea cycle enzymes causes an elevation of the ammonium ion concentration.

Cells in fast twitch muscle fibers contain more mitochondria than do cells in slow twitch fibers.

The enzymes for the citric acid cycle are found in what area of the mitochondria?

The acetyl group of acetyl CoA is transferred to oxaloacetate by the enzyme citrate synthase.

What is the coenzyme that is required in all transamination reactions?

In which stage of metabolism is the most energy in the form of ATP produced?

What is the terminal electron acceptor in aerobic organisms?

What type of bond in acetyl CoA links the acetyl group to the rest of the molecule?

To what molecule is the acetyl group of acetyl CoA transferred in the first step of the citric acid cycle?

The mitochondria are aerobic.

Chemistry:methods and Measurement

The Structure of the Atom and the Periodic Table

Structure and Properties of Ionic and Covalent Compounds

Calculations, Chemical Changes, and the Chemical Equation

States of Matter- Gases, Liquids, and Solids

Solutions

Energy, Rate and Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

The Nucleus, Radioactivity, and Nuclear Medicine

An Introduction to Organic Chemistry- the Saturated Hydrocarbons

The Unsaturated Hydrocarbons- Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatics

Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols, and Ethers

Aldehydes and Ketones

Carboxylic Acids and Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Amines and Amides

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Their Functions in Biochemical Systems

Protein Structure and Function

Enzymes

Introduction to Molecular Genetics

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Fatty Acid Metabolism

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