Exam 3: The New Genetics

Explain how color blindness is inherited and why it is much more common in one gender than the other.

Genes, culture, and age all affect vision.

Describe how the gender of a fetus is decided at conception.

The entire packet of instructions to make a living organism is called _____.

The _____ is a person's appearance, behavior, and brain and body functions.

Differences among people begin with alleles, which can be caused by transpositions, deletions, or repetitions of base pairs, making some genes _____.

Describe the difference between monozygotic and dizygotic twins and how each type is conceived.

Approximately once in every _____ births, a newborn survives with 45, 47, or even 48 or 49 chromosomes instead of the usual 46.

With X-linked traits, who is more likely to be a carrier, and who is more likely to express them?

Jackie rushed into the house after school and announced to her parents, "My personality is _____! So many genes make me who I am!"

After about the eight-cell stage within the zygote, cells start to _____, meaning that they take different forms and reproduce at various rates depending on where they are located.

Research indicates that alcohol use disorder is caused by _____.

The cognitive deficits caused by the genetic condition known as _____ are the most common form of inherited intellectual disability.

Eyeballs change shape at typical stages of development, including puberty and middle adulthood. This makes it more likely that nearsightedness will increase at puberty and _____ will decrease during middle adulthood.

An individual's phenotype is dependent entirely on the individual's genes.

Briefly describe differentiation and when it begins. Give at least two examples of cell differentiation.

Genetic counseling may be most useful to first-time parents at which stage?

Chris learned in her high school science class that a male has _____ on the 23rd pair of chromosomes.

_____ refers to a trait that is affected by many factors, both genetic and environmental, that enhance, halt, shape, or alter the expression of genes, resulting in a phenotype that may differ markedly from the genotype.

Each molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is stored on a _____.