Exam 3: The New Genetics

Holly learned from her science teacher that her height resulted from about 180 genes, each contributing a tiny amount of genetic information. Holly learned that her height was due to _____.

The single cell formed from the union of two gametes, a sperm and an ovum, is called a _____.

In 22 of the 23 pairs of chromosomes, both members of the pair are closely matched. Each of these 44 chromosomes is called a(n) _____.

The first 22 chromosomes contain hundreds of genes in the same positions and sequence. If the code of the gene from one parent is exactly like the code on the same gene from the other parent, the gene pair is _____.

When the effects of genes add up to make the phenotype, they are called _____ genes.

An individual with an extra chromosome on the 21st pair of chromosomes has _____.

Shortly after the zygote is formed, it begins the processes of duplication and division. Each resulting new cell has _____.

The one-celled zygote copies itself again and again and changes names as it multiplies. These names include _____.

Every ovum that a woman creates contains an X chromosome.

The mitochondria in both sexes provide evidence of _____ lineage.

Scott and Darpa are siblings who have the same parents. Scott has heavy, straight eyebrows, whereas Darpa has thinner, arched eyebrows. These differences in eyebrow shape are due to different _____ that each sibling received from their parents.

Due to biological sex (XX or XY), women become drunk on _____ than men.

Which statement is true about alcohol use disorder?

The 23 pairs of chromosomes in a zygote duplicate and form two complete sets of the genome. This process is referred to as duplication.

The interaction of a heterozygous pair of alleles in such a way that the phenotype reflects one allele more than the other is referred to as a(n) _____ pattern.

Males have one X and one Y on _____.

Fraternal twins are also called _____ twins.

A variation that makes a gene different in some way from other genes for the same characteristics is a(n) _____.

Some individuals react to alcohol with sleepiness, nausea, or joy. Different reactions may be due to _____.

The _____ was a worldwide effort to map the complete human genetic code.