Exam 20: Collective Behavior, social Movements, and Social Change

Discuss the relative deprivation theory.

The most frequent types of______________behavior are rumors,gossip,mass hysteria,public opinion,fashions,and fads.

Describe social movements and note when and where they are most likely to develop.

Outline the new social movement theory and the diverse array of social movements on which it focuses.

People contribute to changes in the Earth's physical condition.Through soil erosion and other degradation of grazing land,often at the hands of people,an estimated______________tons of topsoil is lost annually.

______________ is the belief that a disproportionate number of hazardous facilities (including industries such as waste disposal/treatment and chemical plants)are placed in low-income areas populated primarily by people of color.

The top policy concern for 2013 according to a poll by the Pew Research Center was .

Developed by sociologist Neil Smelser,______________theory is based on the assumption that certain conditions are necessary for the development of a social movement.

Define mass behavior and outline the most frequent types of this behavior.

______________ is/are collective behavior(s)that take(s)place when people (who often are geographically separated from one another)respond to the same event in much the same way.

______________ is the linking together of interpretive orientations of individuals and social movement organizations so that there is congruence between individuals' interests,beliefs,and values and the movement's ideologies,goals,and activities.

In the______________stage of a social movement,people begin to organize and to publicize the problem.At this stage,some movements become formally organized at local and regional levels.

Define and describe collective behavior and institutional behavior.

The practice of yoga is an example of a______________movement.

When successful framing occurs,the individual's vague dissatisfactions are turned into well­ defined grievances,and people are compelled to join the movement in an effort to reduce or eliminate those grievances.

In the______________stage of a social movement,an organizational structure develops and a paid staff begins to lead the group.

The terrorist attacks in New York City and Washington,D.C. ,on September 11,2001 are examples of______________movements.

Unlike behavior (for example,in education,religion,or politics),collective behavior _____________ Lacks established norms to govern behavior.

According to the text,social movements:

A collectivity is a number of people who act together and may mutually transcend,bypass,or subvert established institutional patterns and structures.