Question 1

Which structure or compartment is part of the symplast?

Accepted Answer

A) the interior of a vessel element 
B) the interior of a sieve tube 
C) the cell wall of a mesophyll cell 
D) an extracellular air space 
A) the interior of a vessel element 
B) the interior of a sieve tube 
C) the cell wall of a mesophyll cell 
D) an extracellular air space

Question 2

Pine seedlings grown in sterile potting soil grow much slower than seedlings grown in soil from the area where the seeds were collected.This is most likely because

Accepted Answer

A) the sterilization process kills the root hairs as they emerge from the seedling. 
B) the normal symbiotic fungi are not present in the sterilized soil. 
C) water and mineral uptake is faster when mycorrhizae are present. 
D) B and C. 
A) the sterilization process kills the root hairs as they emerge from the seedling. 
B) the normal symbiotic fungi are not present in the sterilized soil. 
C) water and mineral uptake is faster when mycorrhizae are present. 
D) B and C.

Question 3

What are epiphytes?

Accepted Answer

A) aerial vines common in tropical regions 
B) haustoria used for anchoring to host plants and obtaining xylem sap 
C) plants that live in poor soil and digest insects to obtain nitrogen 
D) plants that grow on other plants but do not obtain nutrients from their hosts 
A) aerial vines common in tropical regions 
B) haustoria used for anchoring to host plants and obtaining xylem sap 
C) plants that live in poor soil and digest insects to obtain nitrogen 
D) plants that grow on other plants but do not obtain nutrients from their hosts

Question 4

Historically,the decrease in stomatal density in many plant species could be related to

Accepted Answer

A) fluctuations in oxygen levels. 
B) increased carbon dioxide levels. 
C) increased levels of oxygen. 
D) increased flow of solvent. 
A) fluctuations in oxygen levels. 
B) increased carbon dioxide levels. 
C) increased levels of oxygen. 
D) increased flow of solvent.

Question 5

Which of the following is an adaptation in xerophytes?

Accepted Answer

A) high density of stomata in a unit area of the leaf 
B) succulent stems with thick cuticle 
C) stems modified as spines 
D) lack of thick cuticle 
A) high density of stomata in a unit area of the leaf 
B) succulent stems with thick cuticle 
C) stems modified as spines 
D) lack of thick cuticle

Question 6

The dominant chemical in phloem sap is (are)

Accepted Answer

A) sucrose. 
B) hormones. 
C) minerals. 
D) amino acids. 
A) sucrose. 
B) hormones. 
C) minerals. 
D) amino acids.

Question 7

Which of the following environmental conditions would favor high stomatal density during leaf development in plants?

Accepted Answer

A) high light exposure 
B) high carbon dioxide levels 
C) low oxygen levels 
D) high oxygen levels 
A) high light exposure 
B) high carbon dioxide levels 
C) low oxygen levels 
D) high oxygen levels

Question 8

Two groups of tomatoes were grown in the laboratory,one with humus added to the soil and the other a control without humus.The leaves of the plants grown without humus were yellowish (less green)compared with those of the plants grown in humus-enriched soil.The best explanation for this difference is that

Accepted Answer

A) the healthy plants used carbohydrates in the decomposing leaves of the humus for energy to make chlorophyll. 
B) the humus made the soil more loosely packed,so water penetrated more easily to the roots. 
C) the humus contained minerals such as magnesium and iron,needed for the synthesis of chlorophyll. 
D) the heat released by the decomposing leaves of the humus caused more rapid growth and chlorophyll synthesis. 
A) the healthy plants used carbohydrates in the decomposing leaves of the humus for energy to make chlorophyll. 
B) the humus made the soil more loosely packed,so water penetrated more easily to the roots. 
C) the humus contained minerals such as magnesium and iron,needed for the synthesis of chlorophyll. 
D) the heat released by the decomposing leaves of the humus caused more rapid growth and chlorophyll synthesis.

Question 9

Which of the following,if used as a fertilizer,would be most immediately available for plant uptake?

Accepted Answer

A) NH3 
B) N2 
C) CN2H2 
D) NO3- 
A) NH3 
B) N2 
C) CN2H2 
D) NO3-

Question 10

Phloem sap flows through

Accepted Answer

A) tracheids. 
B) vessels. 
C) sieve tubes. 
D) ground tissue. 
A) tracheids. 
B) vessels. 
C) sieve tubes. 
D) ground tissue.

Question 11

Which of the following is an adaptation that enhances the uptake of water and minerals by roots?

Accepted Answer

A) mycorrhizae 
B) cavitation 
C) active uptake by vessel elements 
D) rhythmic contractions by cortical cells 
A) mycorrhizae 
B) cavitation 
C) active uptake by vessel elements 
D) rhythmic contractions by cortical cells

Question 12

Most of the water taken up by a plant is

Accepted Answer

A) used as a solvent. 
B) used as a hydrogen source in photosynthesis. 
C) lost during transpiration. 
D) used to keep cells turgid. 
A) used as a solvent. 
B) used as a hydrogen source in photosynthesis. 
C) lost during transpiration. 
D) used to keep cells turgid.

Question 13

The process of transpiration depends on which of the following water properties?

Accepted Answer

A) temperature 
B) hydrogen bonds 
C) density 
D) polar covalent bonds 
A) temperature 
B) hydrogen bonds 
C) density 
D) polar covalent bonds

Question 14

The bulk of a plant's dry weight is derived from

Accepted Answer

A) soil minerals. 
B) CO2. 
C) the hydrogen from H2O. 
D) the oxygen from H2O. 
A) soil minerals. 
B) CO2. 
C) the hydrogen from H2O. 
D) the oxygen from H2O.

Question 15

The mutualistic associations between bacteria and plants will

Accepted Answer

A) enhance plant growth. 
B) secrete antibiotics and protect roots from disease. 
C) increase crop yields. 
D) All the above are true. 
A) enhance plant growth. 
B) secrete antibiotics and protect roots from disease. 
C) increase crop yields. 
D) All the above are true.

Question 16

The amount of water lost through the stomata of a leaf under the same environmental conditions depends on the

Accepted Answer

A) size and shape of guard cells in a unit area. 
B) length of petiole. 
C) shape and size of the leaf. 
D) leaf margin. 
A) size and shape of guard cells in a unit area. 
B) length of petiole. 
C) shape and size of the leaf. 
D) leaf margin.

Question 17

Stomatal movement (opening and closing)depends on active transport of

Accepted Answer

A) hydrogen ions. 
B) nitrate ions. 
C) nitrite ions. 
D) ammonium ions. 
A) hydrogen ions. 
B) nitrate ions. 
C) nitrite ions. 
D) ammonium ions.

Question 18

The percentage of atmospheric nitrogen (N2)is

Accepted Answer

A) 65. 
B) 90. 
C) 29. 
D) 79. 
A) 65. 
B) 90. 
C) 29. 
D) 79.

Question 19

Phloem sap in plant vascular system flows

Accepted Answer

A) one way from leaves to the sites of sugar use. 
B) one way from leaves to the sites of sugar storage units. 
C) two ways from the leaves to the sites of sugar use and to the sugar storage units. 
D) two ways from the sites of use and the sugar storage units to the leaves. 
A) one way from leaves to the sites of sugar use. 
B) one way from leaves to the sites of sugar storage units. 
C) two ways from the leaves to the sites of sugar use and to the sugar storage units. 
D) two ways from the sites of use and the sugar storage units to the leaves.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about sugar movement in phloem?

Accepted Answer

A) Diffusion can account for the observed rates of transport. 
B) Movement can occur both upward and downward in the plant. 
C) Sugar is translocated from sinks to sources. 
D) Only phloem cells with nuclei can perform sugar movement. 
A) Diffusion can account for the observed rates of transport. 
B) Movement can occur both upward and downward in the plant. 
C) Sugar is translocated from sinks to sources. 
D) Only phloem cells with nuclei can perform sugar movement.

Exam 29: Resource Acquisition,nutrition,and Transport in Vascular Plants

Which structure or compartment is part of the symplast?

Pine seedlings grown in sterile potting soil grow much slower than seedlings grown in soil from the area where the seeds were collected.This is most likely because

What are epiphytes?

Historically,the decrease in stomatal density in many plant species could be related to

Which of the following is an adaptation in xerophytes?

The dominant chemical in phloem sap is (are)

Which of the following environmental conditions would favor high stomatal density during leaf development in plants?

Which of the following,if used as a fertilizer,would be most immediately available for plant uptake?

Phloem sap flows through

Which of the following is an adaptation that enhances the uptake of water and minerals by roots?

Most of the water taken up by a plant is

The process of transpiration depends on which of the following water properties?

The bulk of a plant's dry weight is derived from

The mutualistic associations between bacteria and plants will

The amount of water lost through the stomata of a leaf under the same environmental conditions depends on the

Stomatal movement (opening and closing)depends on active transport of

The percentage of atmospheric nitrogen (N2)is

Phloem sap in plant vascular system flows

Which of the following is a correct statement about sugar movement in phloem?

Introduction: Evolution and the Foundations of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Transport and Cell Signaling

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Development,stem Cells,and Cancer

Viruses

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification

Phylogeny

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

Broad Patterns of Evolution

Early Life and the Diversification of Prokaryotes

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Colonization of Land by Plants and Fungi

The Rise of Animal Diversity

Plant Structure and Growth

Reproduction and Domestication of Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Homeostasis and Endocrine Signaling

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Reproduction and Development

Neurons,synapses,and Signaling

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Motor Mechanisms and Behavior

Population Ecology and the Distribution of Organisms

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems and Energy

Conservation Biology and Global Change

Filters

The percentage of atmospheric nitrogen (N₂)is