Question 1

Excretory organs known as Malpighian tubules are present in

Accepted Answer

A) earthworms. 
B) flatworms. 
C) insects. 
D) jellyfish. 
E) sea stars. 
A) earthworms. 
B) flatworms. 
C) insects. 
D) jellyfish. 
E) sea stars.

Question 2

Abnormally reduced somatic growth (dwarfism)can be a consequence of decreased hormone secretion from the

Accepted Answer

A) kidneys. 
B) pancreas. 
C) adrenal gland. 
D) posterior pituitary gland. 
E) anterior pituitary gland. 
A) kidneys. 
B) pancreas. 
C) adrenal gland. 
D) posterior pituitary gland. 
E) anterior pituitary gland.

Question 3

Melatonin is secreted by

Accepted Answer

A) the hypothalamus. 
B) the pineal gland. 
C) the adrenal medulla. 
D) the posterior pituitary gland. 
E) the thyroid gland. 
A) the hypothalamus. 
B) the pineal gland. 
C) the adrenal medulla. 
D) the posterior pituitary gland. 
E) the thyroid gland.

Question 4

Which of the following pairs of organisms excrete nitrogenous wastes in the form of uric acid?

Accepted Answer

A) mice and birds 
B) insects and birds 
C) lions and horses 
D) humans and frogs 
E) fish and turtles 
A) mice and birds 
B) insects and birds 
C) lions and horses 
D) humans and frogs 
E) fish and turtles

Question 5

How do marine fish perform osmoregulation?

Accepted Answer

A) through gaining water through the gills 
B) through gaining salt through the gills 
C) through drinking water and eating food 
D) through excreting large amounts of dilute urine 
A) through gaining water through the gills 
B) through gaining salt through the gills 
C) through drinking water and eating food 
D) through excreting large amounts of dilute urine

Question 6

The typical osmolarity of human blood is

Accepted Answer

A) 100 mOsm/L. 
B) 200 mOsm/L. 
C) 300 mOsm/L. 
D) 500 mOsm/L. 
A) 100 mOsm/L. 
B) 200 mOsm/L. 
C) 300 mOsm/L. 
D) 500 mOsm/L.

Question 7

Within a normally functioning kidney,blood can be found in

Accepted Answer

A) the vasa recta. 
B) Bowman's capsule. 
C) the loop of Henle. 
D) the proximal tubule. 
E) the collecting duct. 
A) the vasa recta. 
B) Bowman's capsule. 
C) the loop of Henle. 
D) the proximal tubule. 
E) the collecting duct.

Question 8

The temperature-regulating center of vertebrate animals is located in the

Accepted Answer

A) pituitary gland. 
B) thyroid gland. 
C) hypothalamus. 
D) adrenal glands. 
A) pituitary gland. 
B) thyroid gland. 
C) hypothalamus. 
D) adrenal glands.

Question 9

A primary reason that the kidneys have one of the highest metabolic rates of all body organs is that

Accepted Answer

A) they store the body's excess fats. 
B) they have membranes of varying permeability to water. 
C) they operate an extensive set of active-transport ion pumps. 
D) they are the body's only means of shedding excess nutrients. 
A) they store the body's excess fats. 
B) they have membranes of varying permeability to water. 
C) they operate an extensive set of active-transport ion pumps. 
D) they are the body's only means of shedding excess nutrients.

Question 10

You are observing an unknown animal species in the Amazon rain forest and want to know whether it is an ectotherm or an endotherm.Which of the following methods would be the least helpful in making this determination?

Accepted Answer

A) Measure the animal's body temperature,and compare it to ambient temperature at various times throughout the day and night. 
B) Determine the animal's urine production,and compare it to ambient temperature at various times throughout the day and night. 
C) Measure the animal's rate of oxygen consumption,and compare it to ambient temperature at various times throughout the day and night. 
D) Observe the animal's behavior and activity level,and compare it to ambient temperature at various times throughout the day and night. 
A) Measure the animal's body temperature,and compare it to ambient temperature at various times throughout the day and night. 
B) Determine the animal's urine production,and compare it to ambient temperature at various times throughout the day and night. 
C) Measure the animal's rate of oxygen consumption,and compare it to ambient temperature at various times throughout the day and night. 
D) Observe the animal's behavior and activity level,and compare it to ambient temperature at various times throughout the day and night.

Question 11

A football player has been rushed to the emergency room after passing out during practice on a hot day.The player is sweating extensively but appears to have normal blood pressure.As the attending physician,you need to give the player a drug to counteract his symptoms.Which of the following drugs would be best to give the player?

Accepted Answer

A) a drug that acts like ADH 
B) a drug that acts like oxytocin 
C) a drug that acts like insulin 
D) a drug that acts like melatonin 
E) a drug that acts like angiotensin II 
A) a drug that acts like ADH 
B) a drug that acts like oxytocin 
C) a drug that acts like insulin 
D) a drug that acts like melatonin 
E) a drug that acts like angiotensin II

Question 12

Blood is best classified as connective tissue because

Accepted Answer

A) its cells are separated from each other by an extracellular matrix. 
B) it contains more than one type of cell. 
C) it is contained in vessels that "connect" different parts of an organism's body. 
D) its cells can move from place to place. 
E) it is found within all the organs of the body. 
A) its cells are separated from each other by an extracellular matrix. 
B) it contains more than one type of cell. 
C) it is contained in vessels that "connect" different parts of an organism's body. 
D) its cells can move from place to place. 
E) it is found within all the organs of the body.

Question 13

Materials are returned to the blood from the filtrate by which of the following processes?

Accepted Answer

A) filtration 
B) reabsorption 
C) secretion 
D) excretion 
A) filtration 
B) reabsorption 
C) secretion 
D) excretion

Question 14

Connective tissues typically have

Accepted Answer

A) many densely packed cells with direct connections between the membranes of adjacent cells. 
B) an apical side and a basal side. 
C) the ability to shorten upon stimulation. 
D) relatively few cells and a large amount of extracellular matrix. 
E) the ability to transmit electrochemical impulses. 
A) many densely packed cells with direct connections between the membranes of adjacent cells. 
B) an apical side and a basal side. 
C) the ability to shorten upon stimulation. 
D) relatively few cells and a large amount of extracellular matrix. 
E) the ability to transmit electrochemical impulses.

Question 15

In a cold environment that supports life,an ectotherm is more likely to survive an extended period of food deprivation than would an equal size endotherm because the ectotherm

Accepted Answer

A) expends more energy per kilogram of body mass than does the endotherm. 
B) invests less energy in temperature regulation. 
C) metabolizes its stored energy more readily than does the endotherm. 
D) has greater insulation on its body surface. 
A) expends more energy per kilogram of body mass than does the endotherm. 
B) invests less energy in temperature regulation. 
C) metabolizes its stored energy more readily than does the endotherm. 
D) has greater insulation on its body surface.

Question 16

The interrelationships between the endocrine and the nervous systems are especially apparent in a

Accepted Answer

A) neuron in the spinal cord. 
B) steroid-producing cell in the adrenal cortex. 
C) neurosecretory cell in the hypothalamus. 
D) neuron in the cerebral cortex. 
E) digestive enzyme-producing cell in the pancreas. 
A) neuron in the spinal cord. 
B) steroid-producing cell in the adrenal cortex. 
C) neurosecretory cell in the hypothalamus. 
D) neuron in the cerebral cortex. 
E) digestive enzyme-producing cell in the pancreas.

Exam 32: Homeostasis and Endocrine Signaling

Excretory organs known as Malpighian tubules are present in

Abnormally reduced somatic growth (dwarfism)can be a consequence of decreased hormone secretion from the

Melatonin is secreted by

Which of the following pairs of organisms excrete nitrogenous wastes in the form of uric acid?

How do marine fish perform osmoregulation?

The typical osmolarity of human blood is

Within a normally functioning kidney,blood can be found in

The temperature-regulating center of vertebrate animals is located in the

A primary reason that the kidneys have one of the highest metabolic rates of all body organs is that

You are observing an unknown animal species in the Amazon rain forest and want to know whether it is an ectotherm or an endotherm.Which of the following methods would be the least helpful in making this determination?

Blood is best classified as connective tissue because

Materials are returned to the blood from the filtrate by which of the following processes?

Connective tissues typically have

In a cold environment that supports life,an ectotherm is more likely to survive an extended period of food deprivation than would an equal size endotherm because the ectotherm

The interrelationships between the endocrine and the nervous systems are especially apparent in a

Introduction: Evolution and the Foundations of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Transport and Cell Signaling

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Development,stem Cells,and Cancer

Viruses

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification

Phylogeny

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

Broad Patterns of Evolution

Early Life and the Diversification of Prokaryotes

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Colonization of Land by Plants and Fungi

The Rise of Animal Diversity

Plant Structure and Growth

Resource Acquisition,nutrition,and Transport in Vascular Plants

Reproduction and Domestication of Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Reproduction and Development

Neurons,synapses,and Signaling

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Motor Mechanisms and Behavior

Population Ecology and the Distribution of Organisms

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems and Energy

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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