Question 1

Which of the following is an accurate statement about thermoregulation?

Accepted Answer

A) Endotherms are regulators,and ectotherms are conformers. 
B) Endotherms maintain a constant body temperature,and ectotherms do not. 
C) Endotherms and ectotherms differ in their primary source of heat for thermoregulation. 
D) Endothermy has a lower energy cost than ectothermy. 
A) Endotherms are regulators,and ectotherms are conformers. 
B) Endotherms maintain a constant body temperature,and ectotherms do not. 
C) Endotherms and ectotherms differ in their primary source of heat for thermoregulation. 
D) Endothermy has a lower energy cost than ectothermy.

Question 2

Which of the following mammals likely produces the most concentrated urine?

Accepted Answer

A) desert kangaroo rats 
B) humans 
C) dolphins 
D) chimpanzees 
A) desert kangaroo rats 
B) humans 
C) dolphins 
D) chimpanzees

Question 3

Oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone are synthesized in the

Accepted Answer

A) hypothalamus. 
B) adrenal medulla. 
C) anterior pituitary gland. 
D) adrenal cortex. 
E) posterior pituitary gland. 
A) hypothalamus. 
B) adrenal medulla. 
C) anterior pituitary gland. 
D) adrenal cortex. 
E) posterior pituitary gland.

Question 4

Use of the illegal drug MDMA,commonly known as ecstasy,may cause hyperthermia (increased body temperature),which may cause a person to drink a lot of water.In addition,MDMA increases the production of vasopressin.What is the most likely outcome if a person takes MDMA and experiences hyperthermia,increased water intake,and increased vasopressin production?

Accepted Answer

A) an increase in blood pressure and the production of dilute urine 
B) an increase in blood pressure and the production of concentrated urine 
C) a decrease in blood pressure and the production of dilute urine 
D) a decrease in blood pressure and the production of concentrated urine 
A) an increase in blood pressure and the production of dilute urine 
B) an increase in blood pressure and the production of concentrated urine 
C) a decrease in blood pressure and the production of dilute urine 
D) a decrease in blood pressure and the production of concentrated urine

Question 5

If ATP production or availability in a human kidney was suddenly stopped,urine production would

Accepted Answer

A) come to a complete stop. 
B) decrease,and the urine would be hypoosmotic compared to plasma. 
C) increase,and the urine would be isoosmotic compared to plasma. 
D) increase,and the urine would be hyperosmotic compared to plasma. 
E) decrease,and the urine would be isoosmotic compared to plasma. 
A) come to a complete stop. 
B) decrease,and the urine would be hypoosmotic compared to plasma. 
C) increase,and the urine would be isoosmotic compared to plasma. 
D) increase,and the urine would be hyperosmotic compared to plasma. 
E) decrease,and the urine would be isoosmotic compared to plasma.

Question 6

Fibroblasts secrete

Accepted Answer

A) fats. 
B) plasma. 
C) interstitial fluids. 
D) collagen. 
A) fats. 
B) plasma. 
C) interstitial fluids. 
D) collagen.

Question 7

Julia is a 41-year-old female who is suffering from a condition that is causing frequent infections,difficulty in controlling her body temperature,and excess loss of water.What organ system is likely affected in Julia?

Accepted Answer

A) excretory 
B) muscular 
C) integumentary 
D) digestive 
A) excretory 
B) muscular 
C) integumentary 
D) digestive

Question 8

Which nitrogenous waste requires hardly any water for its excretion?

Accepted Answer

A) urea 
B) uric acid 
C) ammonia 
A) urea 
B) uric acid 
C) ammonia

Question 9

The transfer of fluid from the glomerulus to Bowman's capsule

Accepted Answer

A) results from active transport. 
B) transfers large molecules as easily as small ones. 
C) is very selective as to which subprotein-sized molecules are transferred. 
D) is mainly a consequence of blood pressure in the capillaries of the glomerulus. 
E) usually includes the transfer of red blood cells into Bowman's capsule. 
A) results from active transport. 
B) transfers large molecules as easily as small ones. 
C) is very selective as to which subprotein-sized molecules are transferred. 
D) is mainly a consequence of blood pressure in the capillaries of the glomerulus. 
E) usually includes the transfer of red blood cells into Bowman's capsule.

Question 10

Coordinating body functions via release of chemical signals into the vascular system is accomplished by

Accepted Answer

A) the respiratory system. 
B) the endocrine system. 
C) the integumentary system. 
D) the nervous system. 
A) the respiratory system. 
B) the endocrine system. 
C) the integumentary system. 
D) the nervous system.

Question 11

Positive feedback differs from negative feedback in that

Accepted Answer

A) positive feedback benefits the organism,whereas negative feedback is detrimental. 
B) the positive feedback's responses are in the same direction as the initiating stimulus rather than opposite to it. 
C) positive feedback results in increases in some parameter (such as body temperature),whereas negative feedback results only in decreases to the parameter. 
D) positive feedback systems have control centers that are lacking in negative feedback systems. 
A) positive feedback benefits the organism,whereas negative feedback is detrimental. 
B) the positive feedback's responses are in the same direction as the initiating stimulus rather than opposite to it. 
C) positive feedback results in increases in some parameter (such as body temperature),whereas negative feedback results only in decreases to the parameter. 
D) positive feedback systems have control centers that are lacking in negative feedback systems.

Question 12

With its abundance of collagenous fibers,cartilage is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) connective tissue. 
B) muscle tissue. 
C) nervous tissue. 
D) epithelial tissue. 
A) connective tissue. 
B) muscle tissue. 
C) nervous tissue. 
D) epithelial tissue.

Question 13

Most of the exchange surfaces of multicellular animals are lined with

Accepted Answer

A) connective tissue. 
B) muscle tissue. 
C) nervous tissue. 
D) epithelial tissue. 
A) connective tissue. 
B) muscle tissue. 
C) nervous tissue. 
D) epithelial tissue.

Question 14

In animals,nitrogenous wastes are produced mostly from the catabolism of

Accepted Answer

A) starch and cellulose. 
B) triglycerides and steroids. 
C) proteins and nucleic acids. 
D) phospholipids and glycolipids. 
E) fatty acids and glycerol. 
A) starch and cellulose. 
B) triglycerides and steroids. 
C) proteins and nucleic acids. 
D) phospholipids and glycolipids. 
E) fatty acids and glycerol.

Question 15

Urea is produced in the

Accepted Answer

A) liver from NH3 and CO2. 
B) liver from glycogen. 
C) kidneys from glucose. 
D) kidneys from glycerol and fatty acids. 
A) liver from NH3 and CO2. 
B) liver from glycogen. 
C) kidneys from glucose. 
D) kidneys from glycerol and fatty acids.

Question 16

Which of the following would increase the rate of heat exchange between an animal and its environment?

Accepted Answer

A) feathers or fur 
B) vasoconstriction 
C) wind blowing across the body surface 
D) countercurrent heat exchanger 
A) feathers or fur 
B) vasoconstriction 
C) wind blowing across the body surface 
D) countercurrent heat exchanger

Question 17

The nitrogenous waste that requires the most energy to produce is

Accepted Answer

A) ammonia. 
B) urea. 
C) uric acid. 
A) ammonia. 
B) urea. 
C) uric acid.

Question 18

Which nitrogenous waste has the greatest number of nitrogen atoms?

Accepted Answer

A) ammonia 
B) ammonium ions 
C) urea 
D) uric acid 
A) ammonia 
B) ammonium ions 
C) urea 
D) uric acid

Question 19

An inoperable tumor has been discovered in a patient's brain.While the tumor is small now,it potentially may become malignant and grow.As the patient's doctor,you tell her to keep a diary of how she is feeling and to call you if she notices any trends.One day she calls you to tell you that after taking hot showers,it takes hours for her to cool off.What region of the brain may be affected by the tumor?

Accepted Answer

A) pineal gland 
B) anterior pituitary gland 
C) posterior pituitary gland 
D) hypothalamus 
A) pineal gland 
B) anterior pituitary gland 
C) posterior pituitary gland 
D) hypothalamus

Question 20

If you gently twist your earlobe,it does not remain twisted or in an abnormal position because it contains

Accepted Answer

A) epithelial tissue. 
B) connective tissue. 
C) muscle tissue. 
D) nervous tissue. 
A) epithelial tissue. 
B) connective tissue. 
C) muscle tissue. 
D) nervous tissue.

Exam 32: Homeostasis and Endocrine Signaling

Which of the following is an accurate statement about thermoregulation?

Which of the following mammals likely produces the most concentrated urine?

Oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone are synthesized in the

If ATP production or availability in a human kidney was suddenly stopped,urine production would

Fibroblasts secrete

Julia is a 41-year-old female who is suffering from a condition that is causing frequent infections,difficulty in controlling her body temperature,and excess loss of water.What organ system is likely affected in Julia?

Which nitrogenous waste requires hardly any water for its excretion?

The transfer of fluid from the glomerulus to Bowman's capsule

Coordinating body functions via release of chemical signals into the vascular system is accomplished by

Positive feedback differs from negative feedback in that

With its abundance of collagenous fibers,cartilage is an example of

Most of the exchange surfaces of multicellular animals are lined with

In animals,nitrogenous wastes are produced mostly from the catabolism of

Urea is produced in the

Which of the following would increase the rate of heat exchange between an animal and its environment?

The nitrogenous waste that requires the most energy to produce is

Which nitrogenous waste has the greatest number of nitrogen atoms?

If you gently twist your earlobe,it does not remain twisted or in an abnormal position because it contains

Introduction: Evolution and the Foundations of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Transport and Cell Signaling

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Development,stem Cells,and Cancer

Viruses

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification

Phylogeny

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

Broad Patterns of Evolution

Early Life and the Diversification of Prokaryotes

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Colonization of Land by Plants and Fungi

The Rise of Animal Diversity

Plant Structure and Growth

Resource Acquisition,nutrition,and Transport in Vascular Plants

Reproduction and Domestication of Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Reproduction and Development

Neurons,synapses,and Signaling

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Motor Mechanisms and Behavior

Population Ecology and the Distribution of Organisms

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems and Energy

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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