Exam 2: Plate Tectonics: a Scientific Revolution Unfolds

In the whole-mantle convection model, what feature balances the deeply descending lithosphere by transporting hot material toward the surface?

The Hawaiian mantle plume is a classic example of a long-lived mantle plume being used to demonstrate how the motion of a tectonic plate has changed over time.Which hot spot would be an even better indicator of the Pacific plate's motion over time?

Lava lamps are commonly used to illustrate how convection cells in the mantle convey heat from the core to the exterior of the Earth.Explain how convection works, using a lava lamp as a proxy for the Earth.

All of the following offer additional evidence supporting the theory of plate tectonics except for ________.

As the island of Hawaii continues to move away from the mantle plume, a new submarine volcano will be created.Off which coast would you expect the new submarine volcano to be forming?

In which layer of the Earth does the convection necessary for plate motion occur?

Which type of convergence will result in a volcanic island arc?

During what time period did scientists first notice the jigsaw puzzle fit of the southern continents?

Which two continents did Wegener cite as having the best evidence of a close coastline fit?

Samples from the seafloor around the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and the East Pacific Rise show that both areas have been creating new material in the last five million years.Samples from the East Pacific Rise show the five-million-year-old seafloor is three times as wide as similarly aged material from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.What does this say about the rate of seafloor spreading in the East Pacific?

Which of the following statements best describes the tectonic setting for Mount St.Helens and the other Cascade volcanoes?

A ________ is a geographic low, which marks the location where oceanic lithosphere descends into the mantle.

A typical rate of seafloor spreading in the Atlantic Ocean is ________.

Why are the mid-ocean ridges higher in elevation than the surrounding ocean floor?

Where are the majority of transform faults located?

Explain how geologists regarded the positions of the ocean basins and the continents prior to the advent of plate tectonics and how that perspective differs from how modern geologists regard those same features.

How can the orientation of transform faults provide information about the direction of plate motion?

Which of the following best explains the global distribution of plant species, such as the Glossopteris, during the Mesozoic?

How did researchers in the mid-twentieth century obtain ocean floor samples in order to determine the age of the seafloor?

________ and ________ drive water from the pores of a subducted oceanic plate, which leads to partial melting.