Exam 3: Matter and Minerals

Which of the following is the hardest known natural substance?

Assuming well-formed crystals, how many cleavage surfaces are present on the sample in this image? (Note: Cleavage surfaces are not cleavage planes.)

Which intermediary helps to break down minerals into a form digestible by humans?

What is the mineral name for table salt?

Which of the following minerals has good cleavage in two directions, which creates a rectangular-shaped crystal?

What is an ion?

Conchoidal fractures are indicative of the mineral ________.

________ refers to a mineral's intensity and quality of reflected light.

According to the octet rule, atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons until they are surrounded by ________ valence electrons.

There can be no variation of mineral composition in order for the substance to remain the same mineral.

Using the samples in this image, indicate the number of cleavage directions this crystal displays.(Please note that cleavage surfaces do not equate to cleavage directions.)

A(n)________ is the fundamental particle of matter.

In an aqueous solution that has not reached the saturation point, why won't the ions bond to create mineral crystals?

Only eight elements make up the vast majority of rock-forming minerals.Which of the following elements is not one of the eight?

What is the significance of valence electrons in connection to mineral formation?

Which of the following mineral identification techniques would most easily identify calcite?

Crystallization of molten rock will produce ________ rocks.

________ are groups of the same kinds of atoms that cannot be broken down into other substances by ordinary chemical means.

All minerals have cleavage.

Two unknown minerals are placed before you for identification.You decide to test each mineral's hardness.Mineral A will scratch a piece of glass.Mineral B will not.Which mineral is harder? How do they compare to the specific hardness of the glass?