Exam 5: Learning

Classical conditioning has a role in all of the following, except

In Overmeier and Seligman's experiment on learned helplessness, the dogs in the control group

In higher-order conditioning, the unconditioned stimulus and response are actually previously conditioned stimuli and responses.

Sirens on police cars, fire trucks, and ambulances do not sound exactly alike, but because of ________ we react similarly to them.

An involuntary response to a particular stimulus, such as an eye-blink response to a puff of air or salivation to food placed in one's mouth, is called a

Parents could use shaping procedures to teach small children to do all of the following, except

What is behaviour modification?

Which of the following is descriptive of operant conditioning?

A pigeon gets a food reward each time it pecks at a blue disk. Because of generalization, the pigeon would also peck at

In original trials with his dogs, Pavlov identified the tone as the unconditioned stimulus.

Extinction requires which of the following?

A limitation of punishment is that it

What is observational learning?

What are the stimuli that can serve as reinforcers without learning because they fulfill basic biological needs?

How does classical conditioning explain the extinction of a conditioned response?

A neutral stimulus that becomes reinforcing after repeated pairings with other reinforcers is

The passive resignation to aversive conditions learned by repeated exposure to inescapable aversive events is called

Responses are conditioned more effectively when the reinforcement is immediate.

Shaping is an important procedure because it makes it possible for organisms to

In classical conditioning, which element functions as a signal?